Yaşlı Türk Göçmenlerin Yaşadıkları Ülkenin ve Türkiye’nin Sağlık Sistemine Yönelik Algıları: Danimarka, İngiltere ve Almanya’da Bir Alan Araştırması

Year 2018, Volume: 29 Issue: 2, 34 - 50, 12.10.2018

Nilüfer Korkmaz Yaylagül Suzan Yazıcı

Abstract

Türkiye’den
Avrupa’ya göç etmiş olan bireyler, yaşlanmakta, emekli olmakta ve yılın daha
fazla dönemini Türkiye’de geçirmektedirler. Bunun yanında misafir ülkenin
sağlık hizmetlerinden yararlanamadıkları olanaklardan Türkiye’de
yararlanmaktadırlar. Bu durum, yaşlı ve emekli göçmenlerin artması nedeniyle
kalıcı hale gelmektedir. Buradan hareketle bu araştırmada Avrupa’da yaşayan
göçmenlerin yaşadıkları ülkedeki ve Türkiye’deki sağlık sistemine yönelik
algılarını ele almak ve sağlık hizmetleri kullanımlarına etkisini ortaya koymak
hedeflenmiştir. Bu betimsel nitel araştırmada 50 yaş ve üzeri Danimarka,
İngiltere ve Almanya’da yaşayan 67 birey ile yarı yapılandırılmış soru formu
ile görüşmeler yapılmıştır.

Göçmenler
yaşadıkları ülkenin sağlık hizmetlerinden kalitesi ve hasta merkezli hizmet
yaklaşımları nedeniyle memnun olsalar da uzman doktora erişim ve dil bariyeri
konusunda endişe duymaktadırlar. Araştırmada sağlık sisteminin yapısı,
finansal, politik koşullar ve sağlık sisteminin avantaj ve dezavantajlarının
göçmenlerin sağlık hizmetlerine yönelik algılarını etkilediği ortaya çıkmıştır
ve bu koşullar göçmenlerin Türkiye’de ve yaşadıkları ülkelerde sağ hizmetleri
kullanımını pragmatik olarak etkilemektedir. Katılımcılar genel olarak
yaşadıkları ülkelerde sağlık hizmetlerin kalitesinin düşme, Türkiye’de ise
yükselme eğiliminde olduğunu ifade etmişlerdir.

Keywords

Yaşlı göçmenler, sağlık hizmeti, refakatçi sistemi

THE PERCEPTIONS OF ELDERLY TURKISH IMMIGRANTS OF THE HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS IN THEIR HOME AND HOST COUNTRIES: A FIELD STUDY FOCUSED ON DENMARK, BRITAIN AND GERMANY

Abstract

Turkish individuals migrating to European countries are aging, they
retire and spent more time in Turkey. Once in Turkey, they use health care
services in case of emergencies, routine checks and investigations difficult to
obtain in their host countries. This practice has turned into routine with
increasing number of retired immigrants. 
We therefore aimed to evaluate older Turkish immigrant's perceptions of
health care services in Turkey and their host countries. This descriptive
qualitative study was conducted with individuals over the age of 50, who have
migrated from Turkey into Britain, Denmark and Germany. A semi-structured
questionnaire was conducted on 67 participants.

Overall there was a high level of satisfaction with the provision of
health care services in the host countries in terms of quality and patient
centered care but concerns were raised about access to specialist care and language barriers.The structure
of health systems, financial and politic conditions shaping those structures
and the advantages and disadvantages of the health systems in both countries
were affecting perceptions of health care services and pragmatically determine
preferences. Respondents agreed there had been a decrease in quality of health
services in their host countries and an opposite trend for Turkey.

Keywords

Older immigrants, health service, companionship system

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