Çocuğa Yönelik Cinsel İstismar Deneyiminin Mikro Ve Mezzo Sistemler Açısından İncelenmesi

Year 2019, Volume: 30 Issue: 2, 463 - 492, 30.05.2019

Figen Paslı

https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.572244

Cited By: 3

Abstract

Bu araştırmanın amacı
cinsel istismar yaşantısının çocuk, genç ve annede yarattığı duygular, çocuk ve
aile üzerindeki etkileri, cinsel istismar olayı karşısında mikro sistemin
tutumunu, mezzo sistemin niteliklerini incelemektir. Çocuğun mikro sistemle
etkileşimi hem cinsel istismarın gerçekleşmesinde risk etmenleri barındırdığı
için, hem de istismar sürecinin çocuk ve ebeveynler üzerindeki etkileri
açısından önemlidir. Nitel yöntemle yapılan bu araştırmada veriler yarı
yapılandırılmış görüşme formu ile derinlemesine görüşmeler yoluyla
toplanmıştır. Görüşme formu 18 yaş ve altındaki 6 çocuğa, 18 yaş üzerindeki 4
gence ve 11 anneye uygulanmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre, cinsel istismar
yaşantısı çocuklar ve anneler üzerinde daha çok korku/kaygı, suçluluk,
güvensizlik, utanç duyguları yaratmaktadır. Çocuğun yaşamına getirdikleri
arasında cinselleştirilmiş davranışlar, özkıyım, becerilerde gerileme,
gebelik/obezite, ruhsal bozukluklar görülmektedir. Bazı annelerde   ruhsal bozukluk görüldüğü, sosyal dışlanma
gibi olumsuz deneyimler yaşandığı gibi, zor koşulları birlikte göğüslemenin
aile üyeleri arasında dayanışma, güçlenme gibi olumlu sonuçlara yol açtığı gözlemlenmektedir.
Mikro sistemde çocuğa ve aileye sosyal destek sağlama gibi olumlu tutumlar
görülmektedir. Çocuğa inanmama, tepkisiz kalma, çocuğu istismarcısıyla
evlendirerek “namus temizleme” gibi algılar ortaya çıkmıştır. Mikro sistemdeki
bireylerin etkileşimi aynı zamanda mezzo sistemin olumlu  ve olumsuz niteliklerini ifade etmektedir. 

Keywords

Cinsel istismar, mikro sistem, mezzo sistem

Investigatıon of Sexual Abuse Experience in Children with Micro and Mezzo Systems

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the emotional
effects of sexual abuse on the child, the teenager and mother, the effects of
it on the child and family, the attitude of the micro system against sexual
abuse, and the characteristics of the mezzo system. The interaction of the
child with the micro system is important both because it involves risk factors
in the realization of sexual abuse and because of the the effects of the abuse
process on children and parents. In this research conducted by qualitative
method, data were collected through in-depth interviews with semi-structured
interview form. It was applied to 6 children aged 18 or under, 4 young people
over 18 and 11 mothers. According to the findings, the experience of sexual
abuse creates fear / anxiety, guilt, insecurity and shame on children and
mothers. Sexualized behaviours, suicidal behaviour, decline in skills,
pregnancy / obesity and mental disorders are observed in the life of the child.
Sexual abuse can lead to positive results such as solidarity and empowerment in
family life. Negative results such as mental disorders and social exclusion are
also observed. Positive attitudes are observed such as providing social support
to children and families in mezzo system. Disbelief to the child,
unresponsiveness, by making the child marry to the abuser, perceptions such as
“cleaning honour” have emerged. The interaction of individuals in the micro
system also expresses the positive and negative qualities of the mezzo system.

Keywords

Sexual abuse, micro system, mezzo system

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