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PARENTAL STRESS IN TURKISH FAMILIES WITH ATYPICAL AND TYPICAL CHILDREN: VVHAT CAN WE LEARN?

Year 2003, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 62 - 75, 15.04.2003

Abstract

The relationship between atypicality and parental stress was analyzed in Turkish families in relation to: child variables, pa­rental involvement, and social support. Parents of 4 to 7-year-old developmen- tally atypical chiidren (n=94) compared with parents of age- and income- matched typically developing chiidren (n=40). The presence of child atypicality, but not child age or gender,vvas related to increased parental stress. Parents of atypical chiidren were more likely to: perceive parent and family problems, be pessimistic, attribute negative character- istics to their child, and perceive their child as physically İncompetent than were parents of developmentally typical chiidren. Parents of atypical chiidren perceived that they received more sup­port from professional services. Parents of typical chiidren reported more formal kinship support.

References

  • Arcus, M. E., Schvaneveldt, J. D., ve Moss, J. J. (1993) Handbook of Family Life Education. (Vol. 2). New York: Sage Publications.
  • Bailey, Jr. D. B., Blasco, P. M. ve Sime- .onsson, R. J. (1992) “Needs Expressed by Mothers and Fathers of Young Children with Disabilities". American Journal on Mental Retardatİon, 97 (1), 1-10.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977) “Toward an Experimenta! Ecology of Human Devel¬opment’'. American Psvcholoaist 32. 513-531.
  • Crnic, K. A., Friedrİch, W. N., ve Green- berg, M. (1983) “Adaptatİon of Families with Mentally Retarded Children: A Model of Stress, Coping, and Family Ecology". American Journal of Mental Defıciency, 88 (2), 125-138.
  • Dunst, C. J., Trİvette, C. M., ve Hamby, W. (1994) “Measuring Social Support in Families with Young Children with Disabilities”. İn C. J. Dunst, C. M. Trivette, ve A. G. Deal (Eds.), Supporting and Strengthening Families: Vol. 1. Methods, Strategies and Practices (pp. 152-160). Cambridge, MA: Brookline Books.
  • Fewell, R. R. (1991) "Parenting Moderately Handicapped Persons”. İn M. Seligman (Ed.), The Family With A Handicapped ChildBoston, MA: Allyh and Bacon.
  • Floyd, F. J. ve Gallagher, E. M. (1997) “Parental Stress, Care Demands, And Use of Support Services For School-Aged Children With Disabilities and Behavior Problem s”. Family Relations, 46 (4), 359-371.
  • Friedrich, W. N. (1979) “Predictors of the Coping Behavior of Mothers of Handicapped Children". Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47 (6), 1140- 1141.
  • Friedrich, W. N., Greenberg, M. T., ve Crnic, K. A. (1983) "A Short Form of the Questionnaire On Resources and Stress”. American Journal of Mental Defıciency, 88 (1), 41-48.
  • Friedrich, W. N., VVilturner, L. T., ve Cohen, D. S (1985) “Coping Resources and Parenting Mentally Retarded Children”. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 90 (2), 130-139.
  • Glidden, L. M. (1993) “What We Do Not Know About Families With Children Who Have Developmental Disabilities: Questionnaire On Resources And Stress As A Case Study”. American Journal on Men¬tal Retardation, 97 (5), 481-495.
  • Gordon, T. (1970) P.E.T. Parent Effectiveness Training. The Tested New Way to Raise Responsible Children. New York: Wyden.
  • Harris, V. S. ve McHale, S. M. (1989) “Family Life Problems, Daily Caregiving Activities, and the Psychological Well - Being of Mothers of Mentally Retarded Children”. American, Journal on Mentol Retardation, 94 (3), 231-239
  • Honig, A. S. (1989) “Cross-Cultural Aspects of Parenting Normal and at Risk Children”. Early Child Development and Care, 50, 1-8.
  • Honig, A. S., ve Vesin, C. C. (1987) “Stress Factors Among Overvvhelmed Mothers of Toddlers in Immigrant Families in France”. Early Child Development and Care, 28, 37-46.
  • Honig, A. S. ve Winger, C. (1997) “A Professional Support Program for Fami¬lies of Handicapped Preschoolers: Decrease in Maternal Stress”. Journal of Primary Prevention, 17(3), 285-296.
  • Honig, A. S. ve Matsushita, W. (1997) Employed Parental Roles With Preschool Children: Division Of Childcare Activities And Satisfaction With Degree Of Participation. Unpublished Manuscript, Syracuse University, New York.
  • Levy-Shiff, R. (1986) "Mother-Father- Child Interactions in Families With a Mentally Retarded Young Child”. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 91 (2), 141-149.
  • Lyon, S. R. ve Lyon, G. A. (1991) “Collaboration with Families of Persons With Severe Disabilities”. in M. Seligman (Ed.), The Family With a Handicapped Child. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Marcenko, M. O. ve Meyers, J. C. (1991) “Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities: Who Shares the Burden? Family Relations, 40, 186-190.
  • Meyer, D. J. (1986) “Fathers of Children with Mental Handicaps”. in M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The Fathers Role: Applied Perspective. New York: John Wi!ey ve Sons.
  • Minuchin, S. (1974) Families and Family Therapy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Seligman, M. (1991) “Family Systems and Beyond”. in M. Seligman (Ed.), The Family with a Handicapped Child. Bos- ı ton; MA: AHyn.ve .Bacon.
  • Seligman, M. ve Darling, R. B. (1997) Ordinary Families, Special Children: a System Approach To Childhood Disability. New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Shure, M. (1994) Raising a thinking child. Help Your Young Child to Resolve Everyday Conflicts and Get Along with Others. New York: Henry Holt.
  • Waisbren, S. E. (1980) “Parents’ Reactions After The Birth Of a Developmentally Disabled Child". American Journal of Mental Defıciency,_24. 345-351.
  • Wikler, L. (1981) “Chronic Stresses of Families of Mentally Retarded Children”. Family Relations, 30, 281-288.
  • Wolfensberger, W. (1967) “Counseling the Parents of the Retarded”. in A. A. Baumeister (Ed.), Mental Retardation, Appraisal, Education and Rehabilitation. Chicago: Aidine.
  • World Health Organization (1981) Social Dimensions of Mental Health. Geneva: World Health Organization.

Atipik ve Tipik Çocuklu Türk Ailelerinde Ebeveyen Stresi: Ne Öğrenebiliriz?

Year 2003, Volume: 14 Issue: 1, 62 - 75, 15.04.2003

Abstract

Bu araştırma, ebeveyn stresi ve çocuk­taki gelişimsel bozukluk arasındaki ilişkiyi Çocuk değişkenleriebeveylehn çocuk bakımına katılımı ve sosyal destek sis­temleri ile İlişkİlendirerek incelemiştir. 4-7 yaş arasında gelişimsel bozukluğu olan çocukların (n=94) aileleri aynı yaş ve ge­lir grubunda normal gelişim gösteren ço­cukların (n=40) aileleri ile karşıiaştırılmış- tır. İncelemeler, çocuktaki gelişimsel bo­zukluğun ebeveyn stresinde belirgin art­maya yol açtığını, ancak, çocuğun yaşı­nın veya cinsiyetinin ebeveyn stresine belirgin etki etmediğini saptamıştır. Nor­mal çocuğu olan anne-babalarla karşı­laştırınca, gelişimsel bozukluğu olan bir çocüğa sahip anne-babalar, belirgin ola­rak, daha çok ebeveyn ve aile sorunları yaşamakta, daha karamsar olmakta, ço­cuklarına daha olumsuz karakteristikler atfetmekte ve çocuklarını fiziksel olarak daha yetersiz görmektedirler. Gelişimsel bozukluğu olan çocukların anne-babaları daha çok profesyonel kurumve meslek elemanlarından destek alırken, normal çocuklu anne-babalar daha çok kendi akrabalarından destek almaktadırlar.

References

  • Arcus, M. E., Schvaneveldt, J. D., ve Moss, J. J. (1993) Handbook of Family Life Education. (Vol. 2). New York: Sage Publications.
  • Bailey, Jr. D. B., Blasco, P. M. ve Sime- .onsson, R. J. (1992) “Needs Expressed by Mothers and Fathers of Young Children with Disabilities". American Journal on Mental Retardatİon, 97 (1), 1-10.
  • Bronfenbrenner, U. (1977) “Toward an Experimenta! Ecology of Human Devel¬opment’'. American Psvcholoaist 32. 513-531.
  • Crnic, K. A., Friedrİch, W. N., ve Green- berg, M. (1983) “Adaptatİon of Families with Mentally Retarded Children: A Model of Stress, Coping, and Family Ecology". American Journal of Mental Defıciency, 88 (2), 125-138.
  • Dunst, C. J., Trİvette, C. M., ve Hamby, W. (1994) “Measuring Social Support in Families with Young Children with Disabilities”. İn C. J. Dunst, C. M. Trivette, ve A. G. Deal (Eds.), Supporting and Strengthening Families: Vol. 1. Methods, Strategies and Practices (pp. 152-160). Cambridge, MA: Brookline Books.
  • Fewell, R. R. (1991) "Parenting Moderately Handicapped Persons”. İn M. Seligman (Ed.), The Family With A Handicapped ChildBoston, MA: Allyh and Bacon.
  • Floyd, F. J. ve Gallagher, E. M. (1997) “Parental Stress, Care Demands, And Use of Support Services For School-Aged Children With Disabilities and Behavior Problem s”. Family Relations, 46 (4), 359-371.
  • Friedrich, W. N. (1979) “Predictors of the Coping Behavior of Mothers of Handicapped Children". Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 47 (6), 1140- 1141.
  • Friedrich, W. N., Greenberg, M. T., ve Crnic, K. A. (1983) "A Short Form of the Questionnaire On Resources and Stress”. American Journal of Mental Defıciency, 88 (1), 41-48.
  • Friedrich, W. N., VVilturner, L. T., ve Cohen, D. S (1985) “Coping Resources and Parenting Mentally Retarded Children”. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 90 (2), 130-139.
  • Glidden, L. M. (1993) “What We Do Not Know About Families With Children Who Have Developmental Disabilities: Questionnaire On Resources And Stress As A Case Study”. American Journal on Men¬tal Retardation, 97 (5), 481-495.
  • Gordon, T. (1970) P.E.T. Parent Effectiveness Training. The Tested New Way to Raise Responsible Children. New York: Wyden.
  • Harris, V. S. ve McHale, S. M. (1989) “Family Life Problems, Daily Caregiving Activities, and the Psychological Well - Being of Mothers of Mentally Retarded Children”. American, Journal on Mentol Retardation, 94 (3), 231-239
  • Honig, A. S. (1989) “Cross-Cultural Aspects of Parenting Normal and at Risk Children”. Early Child Development and Care, 50, 1-8.
  • Honig, A. S., ve Vesin, C. C. (1987) “Stress Factors Among Overvvhelmed Mothers of Toddlers in Immigrant Families in France”. Early Child Development and Care, 28, 37-46.
  • Honig, A. S. ve Winger, C. (1997) “A Professional Support Program for Fami¬lies of Handicapped Preschoolers: Decrease in Maternal Stress”. Journal of Primary Prevention, 17(3), 285-296.
  • Honig, A. S. ve Matsushita, W. (1997) Employed Parental Roles With Preschool Children: Division Of Childcare Activities And Satisfaction With Degree Of Participation. Unpublished Manuscript, Syracuse University, New York.
  • Levy-Shiff, R. (1986) "Mother-Father- Child Interactions in Families With a Mentally Retarded Young Child”. American Journal of Mental Deficiency, 91 (2), 141-149.
  • Lyon, S. R. ve Lyon, G. A. (1991) “Collaboration with Families of Persons With Severe Disabilities”. in M. Seligman (Ed.), The Family With a Handicapped Child. Boston, MA: Allyn and Bacon.
  • Marcenko, M. O. ve Meyers, J. C. (1991) “Mothers of Children with Developmental Disabilities: Who Shares the Burden? Family Relations, 40, 186-190.
  • Meyer, D. J. (1986) “Fathers of Children with Mental Handicaps”. in M. E. Lamb (Ed.), The Fathers Role: Applied Perspective. New York: John Wi!ey ve Sons.
  • Minuchin, S. (1974) Families and Family Therapy. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Seligman, M. (1991) “Family Systems and Beyond”. in M. Seligman (Ed.), The Family with a Handicapped Child. Bos- ı ton; MA: AHyn.ve .Bacon.
  • Seligman, M. ve Darling, R. B. (1997) Ordinary Families, Special Children: a System Approach To Childhood Disability. New York: The Guilford Press.
  • Shure, M. (1994) Raising a thinking child. Help Your Young Child to Resolve Everyday Conflicts and Get Along with Others. New York: Henry Holt.
  • Waisbren, S. E. (1980) “Parents’ Reactions After The Birth Of a Developmentally Disabled Child". American Journal of Mental Defıciency,_24. 345-351.
  • Wikler, L. (1981) “Chronic Stresses of Families of Mentally Retarded Children”. Family Relations, 30, 281-288.
  • Wolfensberger, W. (1967) “Counseling the Parents of the Retarded”. in A. A. Baumeister (Ed.), Mental Retardation, Appraisal, Education and Rehabilitation. Chicago: Aidine.
  • World Health Organization (1981) Social Dimensions of Mental Health. Geneva: World Health Organization.
There are 29 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Sociology (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Özkan Özgün This is me

Alice Sterling Honıg This is me

Publication Date April 15, 2003
Submission Date February 15, 2003
Published in Issue Year 2003 Volume: 14 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Özgün, Ö., & Honıg, A. S. (2003). PARENTAL STRESS IN TURKISH FAMILIES WITH ATYPICAL AND TYPICAL CHILDREN: VVHAT CAN WE LEARN?. Toplum Ve Sosyal Hizmet, 14(1), 62-75.