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Task-Centered Approach: A Model of Practice for Social Work

Year 2011, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 133 - 146, 15.04.2011

Abstract

Task-centered approach is a model of social work practice developed originally by Reid and Epstein in 1970’s. It can be regarded as a short-term problem solving approach that focuses on the results of the problems of individuals, families and groups and it aims to enhance clients’ social functioning by specific actions (task) taken by the clients. Based on various theories, task centered approach differentiates itself with its action oriented nature and its attention to client participation. Being tested and found effective in different levels of problematic situations and client groups, the approach can be offered to be used in generalist social work practice, especially in direct intervention with individuals, families and groups. In this study, the theoretical basis, basic principles and areas of practice of the approach are introduced, its practice is discussed in detail and a critical examination is presented. 

References

  • Acar, H. (1999). “Radikal sosyal hizmet” Koşar, N., Duyan, V. (ed) Yaşam Boyu Sosyal Hizmet: Sema Kut’a Armağan, Ankara, Aydınlar Matbaası.
  • Caspi, J., ve Reid, W.J. (1998). “The TaskCentered Model For Field Instruction: An Innovative Approach”, Journal of Social Work Education,34(1).
  • Compton, B.,R., ve Galaway, B. (1979). Social Work Processes. USA, The Dorsey Press.
  • Doel, M. (1994). “Task centered work”, Hanvey,C., Philpot,T. (ed) Practising Social Work, London, Routledge.
  • Doel, M. (2002). “Task- centered work”, Adams, R., Dominelli, L., Payne, M. (ed) Social Work: Themes, Issues and Critical Debates, UK, Palgrave.
  • Garvin, C. (1992). “A Task-Centered Approach to Work with the Chronically Mentally İll”, Social Work with Groups, 15(2-3),67-80.
  • Gomory, T. (2001). “A Fallibalistic Response to Thyer’s Theory of Theory-free Empirical Research in Social Work Practice” Journal of Social Work Education, 37(1), 9-27.
  • Hare, I. (2004). “Defining Social Work for the 21st Century. The International Federation of Social Workers’ revised definition of social work”, International Social Work, 47(3): 407–424.
  • Healy, K. (2005). Social Work Theories in Context: Creating Frameworks for Practice. China, Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kallies, L. (1997). “Task Centered Social Work with Young Offenders” Masters Thesis, Faculty of Social Work, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg.
  • Lo, T.W.(2005). “Task-centered groupwork”, International Social Work, 48(4), 455-465.
  • Nash, M., Munford, R., O’Donoghue, K. (2005). Social Work Theories in Action. London, Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Marsh,P.(2007). “Task Centered Practice”, Lishman, J.(ed) Handbook For Practice Learning in Social Work and Social Care: Knowledge and Theory, UK, Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Marsh P., Doel, M. (2005). The Task Centered Book, London, Routledge.
  • Orellano, G.N. (2005). “The Implement of a Peer Counselling Program Using The Task Centered Model in High School” Master Of Social Work Thesis, University of California, Riverside, USA.
  • Perlman, H.H. (1957). Social Casework: a Problem Solving Process, Chicago, The University Chicago Press.
  • Polat, G. (2007). “Kanıta Dayalı Sosyal Hizmet Uygulaması”, Sağlık ve Toplum, 17(3), 34-42.
  • Pomeroy, E., ve Allen, R. (1995). “Effectiveness of a Psychoeducational and TaskCentered Group Intervention for Family Members of People with AIDS”, Social Work Research, 19(3), 142-153.
  • Sullivan, T. (1999). Decision Making in Social Work, London, Palgrave Publishing.
  • Taylor, E., ve White, S. (2005). “Knowledge and Reasoning in Social Work: Educationg for Humane Judgement”, British Journal of Social Work, 36(6), 937-954.
  • Tolson, T.E., Reid, W.J., Garvin, D. (2003). Generalist Practice: A Task-centered Approach. USA, Columbia University Press.
  • Ramos, B.M., ve Tolson, E.R. (2008). “The Task Centered Model”, Coady, N., Lehmann, P. (ed), Theoretical Perspectives for Direct Social Work Practice: A Generalist Eclectic Approach, USA, Springer Publishing.
  • Reid, W. J. (1997). “Research on TaskCentered Practice” Social Work Research, 21(3).
  • Reid, W.J. (1992). Task Strategies: An Emperical Approach to Clinical Social Work, New York, Columbia University Press.
  • Reid, W.J. (2000). The Task Planner, New York, Columbia University Press.
  • Reid, W.J., ve Epstein, L. (1972). TaskCentered Casework, USA, Columbia University Press.
  • Reid,W.J. (1987). “Task-Centered Approach”, Encyclopedia of Social Work, 15th ed., Vol.2, Silverspring, NASW Press.
  • Rosen, A. (2003). “Evidence-based social work practice: challenges and promise”. Social Work Research, 27(4), 197-208
  • Shefor, B., ve Horejsi, C. (2003). Techniques and Guidelines for Social Work Practice, USA, Pearson Education Inc. Task-centered internet sitesi (2006). adres: http://www.task-centered.com/ Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2006
  • Turan, N. (1999). Sosyal Kişisel Çalışma, Ankara, Aydınlar Matbaa.
  • Turner, F.J.(2005). “Task-centered Practice”, Turner, F. J. (ed), Encyclopedia of Canadian Social Work. Ontairo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
  • Webb, S. (2001). “Evidence-based Practice and Decision Analysis in Social Work: An Implementation Model”, Journal of Social Work, 2(1), 45-64

GÖREV ODAKLI YAKLAŞIM: SOSYAL HİZMET İÇİN BİR UYGULAMA MODELİ

Year 2011, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 133 - 146, 15.04.2011

Abstract

Görev odaklı yaklaşım, 1970’lerde Reid ve Epstein tarafından geliştirilmiş bir sosyal hizmet yaklaşımıdır. Birey, aile ve grupların yaşadıkları sorunların yol açtığı sonuçlar üzerine odaklanan ve müracaatçının gerçekleştireceği eylemler (görevler) ile sosyal işlevselliği geliştirmeyi amaçlayan kısa dönemli, problem çözme odaklı bir yaklaşımdır. Farklı teorileri temelinde barındıran görev odaklı yaklaşım, özellikle eylem yönelimli doğası ve müracaatçının katılımına verdiği önem açısından öne çıkmaktadır. Yaklaşımın farklı düzeylerde ve farklı sorun grupları ile kullanıldığı ve etkili olduğu göz önünde tutulduğunda, genelci uygulama sürecinde özellikle birey, aile ve gruplarla yürütülen doğrudan müdahalelerde kullanılabilecek bir yaklaşım olduğu söylenebilir. Bu çalışmada, görev odaklı yaklaşımın teorik temelleri, prensipleri ve kullanım alanları aktarıldıktan sonra, yaklaşımın uygulanışı ayrıntılı bir şekilde ele alınmış ve yaklaşıma ilişkin eleştirel bir değerlendirme sunulmuştur. 

References

  • Acar, H. (1999). “Radikal sosyal hizmet” Koşar, N., Duyan, V. (ed) Yaşam Boyu Sosyal Hizmet: Sema Kut’a Armağan, Ankara, Aydınlar Matbaası.
  • Caspi, J., ve Reid, W.J. (1998). “The TaskCentered Model For Field Instruction: An Innovative Approach”, Journal of Social Work Education,34(1).
  • Compton, B.,R., ve Galaway, B. (1979). Social Work Processes. USA, The Dorsey Press.
  • Doel, M. (1994). “Task centered work”, Hanvey,C., Philpot,T. (ed) Practising Social Work, London, Routledge.
  • Doel, M. (2002). “Task- centered work”, Adams, R., Dominelli, L., Payne, M. (ed) Social Work: Themes, Issues and Critical Debates, UK, Palgrave.
  • Garvin, C. (1992). “A Task-Centered Approach to Work with the Chronically Mentally İll”, Social Work with Groups, 15(2-3),67-80.
  • Gomory, T. (2001). “A Fallibalistic Response to Thyer’s Theory of Theory-free Empirical Research in Social Work Practice” Journal of Social Work Education, 37(1), 9-27.
  • Hare, I. (2004). “Defining Social Work for the 21st Century. The International Federation of Social Workers’ revised definition of social work”, International Social Work, 47(3): 407–424.
  • Healy, K. (2005). Social Work Theories in Context: Creating Frameworks for Practice. China, Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Kallies, L. (1997). “Task Centered Social Work with Young Offenders” Masters Thesis, Faculty of Social Work, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg.
  • Lo, T.W.(2005). “Task-centered groupwork”, International Social Work, 48(4), 455-465.
  • Nash, M., Munford, R., O’Donoghue, K. (2005). Social Work Theories in Action. London, Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Marsh,P.(2007). “Task Centered Practice”, Lishman, J.(ed) Handbook For Practice Learning in Social Work and Social Care: Knowledge and Theory, UK, Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
  • Marsh P., Doel, M. (2005). The Task Centered Book, London, Routledge.
  • Orellano, G.N. (2005). “The Implement of a Peer Counselling Program Using The Task Centered Model in High School” Master Of Social Work Thesis, University of California, Riverside, USA.
  • Perlman, H.H. (1957). Social Casework: a Problem Solving Process, Chicago, The University Chicago Press.
  • Polat, G. (2007). “Kanıta Dayalı Sosyal Hizmet Uygulaması”, Sağlık ve Toplum, 17(3), 34-42.
  • Pomeroy, E., ve Allen, R. (1995). “Effectiveness of a Psychoeducational and TaskCentered Group Intervention for Family Members of People with AIDS”, Social Work Research, 19(3), 142-153.
  • Sullivan, T. (1999). Decision Making in Social Work, London, Palgrave Publishing.
  • Taylor, E., ve White, S. (2005). “Knowledge and Reasoning in Social Work: Educationg for Humane Judgement”, British Journal of Social Work, 36(6), 937-954.
  • Tolson, T.E., Reid, W.J., Garvin, D. (2003). Generalist Practice: A Task-centered Approach. USA, Columbia University Press.
  • Ramos, B.M., ve Tolson, E.R. (2008). “The Task Centered Model”, Coady, N., Lehmann, P. (ed), Theoretical Perspectives for Direct Social Work Practice: A Generalist Eclectic Approach, USA, Springer Publishing.
  • Reid, W. J. (1997). “Research on TaskCentered Practice” Social Work Research, 21(3).
  • Reid, W.J. (1992). Task Strategies: An Emperical Approach to Clinical Social Work, New York, Columbia University Press.
  • Reid, W.J. (2000). The Task Planner, New York, Columbia University Press.
  • Reid, W.J., ve Epstein, L. (1972). TaskCentered Casework, USA, Columbia University Press.
  • Reid,W.J. (1987). “Task-Centered Approach”, Encyclopedia of Social Work, 15th ed., Vol.2, Silverspring, NASW Press.
  • Rosen, A. (2003). “Evidence-based social work practice: challenges and promise”. Social Work Research, 27(4), 197-208
  • Shefor, B., ve Horejsi, C. (2003). Techniques and Guidelines for Social Work Practice, USA, Pearson Education Inc. Task-centered internet sitesi (2006). adres: http://www.task-centered.com/ Erişim tarihi: 13.11.2006
  • Turan, N. (1999). Sosyal Kişisel Çalışma, Ankara, Aydınlar Matbaa.
  • Turner, F.J.(2005). “Task-centered Practice”, Turner, F. J. (ed), Encyclopedia of Canadian Social Work. Ontairo: Wilfrid Laurier University Press.
  • Webb, S. (2001). “Evidence-based Practice and Decision Analysis in Social Work: An Implementation Model”, Journal of Social Work, 2(1), 45-64
There are 32 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sociology (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Gonca Polat Uluocak

Publication Date April 15, 2011
Submission Date February 15, 2011
Published in Issue Year 2011 Volume: 22 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Polat Uluocak, G. (2011). GÖREV ODAKLI YAKLAŞIM: SOSYAL HİZMET İÇİN BİR UYGULAMA MODELİ. Toplum Ve Sosyal Hizmet, 22(1), 133-146.