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INVESTIGATION OF THE FACTORS AFFECTING LIFE SATISFACTION OF THE UNEMPLOYED: A TURKEY ANALYSIS FROM THE WORLD VALUES SURVEY DATA

Year 2021, Volume: 32 Issue: 2, 567 - 587, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.881193

Abstract

This study aims to examine the relationship between the socio-demographic characteristics and household characteristics of the unemployed and their life satisfaction. The research was carried out by analyzing the data obtained from four (2001-2007-2011-2018) waves of the World Values Research conducted in the quantitative research design in a cross-sectional method. The analysis included 650 participants. The findings indicated that the life satisfaction scores of the unemployed according to their gender and education level do not make a difference. Among the unemployed, life satisfaction scores of those in the middle age group and married according to their marital status were found to be lower. There was a positive correlation between the income level of individuals and their perceived health and life satisfaction scores. As the number of children owned and perceived social class decreases, life satisfaction scores decrease too. The findings of the research could have a significant contribution when designing the curriculum psychosocial support services for the unemployed.

References

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  • Ayan, E. A. (2017). Veri madenciliği tekniklerinin iş ve meslek danışmanlığı hizmetlerinde kullanımı ve işkur için öneriler. Türkiye İş Kurumu Genel Müdürlüğü, Yayınlanmamış uzmanlık tezi. Ankara.
  • Axelsson, L., Ejlertsson, G., 2002. Self-reported health, self-esteem and social support among young unemployed people: a population-based study. International Journal of Social Welfare, 11, 111–119.. doi:10.1111/1468-2397.00205
  • Bambra, C. (2010). Yesterday once more? Unemployment and health in the 21st century. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, (1979-), 64(3), 213-215.
  • Beja, E. L. (2019). Subjective Well-Being Approach to Valuing Unemployment: Direct and Indirect Cost. International Journal of Community Well-Being, 1-11.
  • Bilgiç, R., ve Yılmaz, N. (2013). The correlates of psychological health among the Turkish unemployed: Psychological burden of financial help during unemployment. International Journal of Psychology, 48(5), 1000-1008.
  • Bora, A., Erdoğan, N., Bora, T., ve Üstün, İ. (2016). " Boşuna mı Okuduk?": Türkiye’de Beyaz Yakalı İşsizliği. İletişim Yayınları.
  • Carlier, B. E., Schuring, M., Lötters, F. J., Bakker, B., Borgers, N., ve Burdorf, A. (2013). The influence of re-employment on quality of life and self-rated health, a longitudinal study among unemployed persons in the Netherlands. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 1-7.
  • Clark, A., Georgellis, Y., ve Sanfey, P. (2001). Scarring: The psychological impact of past unemployment. Economica, 68(270), 221-241.
  • Clark, A. E., ve Oswald, A. J. (1994). Unhappiness and unemployment. The Economic Journal, 104(424), 648-659.
  • Clark, A., Oswald, A., ve Warr, P. (1996). Is job satisfaction U‐shaped in age?. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 69(1), 57-81.
  • Chen, W. H., ve Hou, F. (2019). The effect of unemployment on life satisfaction: a cross-national comparison between Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 14(4), 1035-1058.
  • Cramm, J. M., Moller, V., ve Nieboer, A. P. (2010). Improving subjective well-being of the poor in the Eastern Cape. Journal of Health Psychology, 15(7), 1012-1019.
  • Creed, P. A., ve Macintyre, S. R. (2001). The relative effects of deprivation of the latent and manifest benefits of employment on the well-being of unemployed people. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(4), 324-331. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.6.4.324
  • Creed, P., ve Watson, T. (2003). Age, gender, psychological wellbeing and the ımpact of losing the latent and manifest benefits of employment in unemployed people. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55. doi:10.1080/00049530412331312954.
  • Çelik, K. (2008). ‘My state is my father’: youth unemployment experiences under the weak state welfare provisions of Turkey. Journal of Youth Studies, 11(4), 429-444.
  • Çizel, R. B., Güzeller, C. O., ve Mütevellioğlu, N. (2011). İşsizliğin psikolojik sonuçları: Antalya örneği. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi, 2(1), 26-41.
  • Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American psychologist, 55(1), 34.
  • Diener, E. ve Chan, M.Y., 2011. Happy People Live Longer: Subjective Well-Being Contributes to Health and Longevity. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 3, 1–43.. doi:10.1111/j.1758-0854.2010.01045.x
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  • Dolan, P., Peasgood, T., ve White, M. (2008). Do we really know what makes us happy? A review of the economic literature on the factors associated with subjective well-being. Journal of economic psychology, 29(1), 94-122.
  • Eichhorn, J. (2013). Unemployment needs context: How societal differences between countries moderate the loss in life-satisfaction for the unemployed. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(6), 1657-1680.
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  • Fielden, S. L., ve Davidson, M. J. (2001). Stress and gender in unemployed female and male managers. Applied Psychology. 50(2), 305-334. doi:10.1111/1464-0597.00060.
  • Fryer, D. (1997). International perspectives on youth unemployment and mental health: some central issues. Journal of Adolescence, 20(3), 333-342. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jado.1997.0089
  • Frey, B. (2008). Happiness. A revolution in economics. Cambridge and London: The MIT Press.
  • Frey, B. S., ve Stutzer, A. (2000). Happiness, economy and institutions. The Economic Journal, 110(466), 918-938.
  • Gallıe, D., ve Russell, H. (1998). Unemployment and life satisfaction: A cross-cultural comparison. European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes De Sociologie / Europäisches Archiv Für Soziologie, 39(2), 248-280.
  • Gerlach, K., ve Stephan, G. (1996). A paper on unhappiness and unemployment in Germany. Economics Letters, 52(3), 325-330.
  • Gürbüz, S., ve Şahin, F. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Hald Andersen, S. (2009). Unemployment and subjective well-being: A question of class?. Work and occupations, 36(1), 3-25.
  • Hammer, T. (2000). Mental health and social exclusion among unemployed youth in Scandinavia. A comparative study. International journal of social welfare, 9(1), 53-63.
  • Hoare, P. N., ve Machin, M. A. (2010). The impact of reemployment on access to the latent and manifest benefits of employment and mental health. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(3), 759-770.
  • Inglehart, R., C. Haerpfer, A. Moreno, C. Welzel, K. Kizilova, J. Diez-Medrano, M. Lagos, P. Norris, E. Ponarin ve B. Puranen et al. (eds.). 2018. World Values Survey: All Rounds - Country-Pooled Datafile Version: https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWVL.jsp. Madrid: JD Systems Institute.
  • Jahoda, M. (1981). Work, employment, and unemployment: Values, theories, and approaches in social research. American Psychologist, 36(2), 184-191. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.36.2.184.
  • Kanyılmaz Polat, E. (2015). Yüksek öğrenim mezunlarında işsizliğin psikolojik sonuçları ve iş arama davranışlarına etkisi: Çanakkale ili örneği. (Doktora tezi). Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Çanakkale.
  • Kanyılmaz Polat, E ve Bacak, B. (2018). Yükseköğrenim Mezunu İşsizlerde İşsizliğin Psikolojik Sonuçları ve İşsizlik Süresi İlişkisi: Çanakkale Örneği. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi, 9 (2) , 24-47.
  • Kiraz, Z., ve Kurul, N. (2018). Türkiye’de öğretmen işsizliği ve ataması yapılmayan öğretmenler hareketi. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(1), 270-302.
  • Knabe, A., ve Ratzel, S. (2011). Scarring or scaring? The psychological impact of past unemployment and future unemployment risk. Economica, 78(310), 283-293.
  • Kurt, Ş. (2006). İşsizliğin psiko-sosyal sonuçları ve Türkiye üzerine muhtemel etkileri. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi (51), 357-379.
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  • Lelkes, O. (2006). Knowing what is good for you: Empirical analysis of personal preferences and the “objective good”. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35(2), 285-307.
  • Lucas, R. E. (2007). Adaptation and the set-point model of subjective well-being: Does happiness change after major life events?. Current directions in psychological science, 16(2), 75-79.
  • McFadyen, R. G. (1995). Coping with threatened identities: Unemployed people’s self-categorizations. Current Psychology, 14(3), 233-256.
  • McKee-Ryan, F., Song, Z., Wanberg, C. R., ve Kinicki, A. J. (2005). Psychological and physical well-being during unemployment: a meta-analytic study. Journal of applied psychology, 90(1), 53.
  • Norström, F., Virtanen, P., Hammarström, A., Gustafsson, P. E., ve Janlert, U. (2014). How does unemployment affect self-assessed health? A systematic review focusing on subgroup effects. Bmc Public Health, 14(1), 1310. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1310
  • Novak, M. (2014). The effect of personal and general unemployment on subjective well-being. European Scientific Journal, 487-492.
  • Öztürk, Ö. ve Erbay, E., 2018. Üniversite mezunu kadınların işsizlik süreçlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 36, 125–148.. doi:10.17065/huniibf.289042.
  • Paul, K. I. (2005). The negative mental health effect of unemployment: Meta-analyses of cross-sectional and longitudinal data. Wirtschafts- und Sozialwissenschaftliche Fakultät, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg.
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İşsizlerde Yaşam Doyumunu Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Dünya Değerler Araştırması Verisinden Türkiye Analizi

Year 2021, Volume: 32 Issue: 2, 567 - 587, 30.04.2021
https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.881193

Abstract

Bu çalışma işsizlerin sosyo-demografik özellikleri ve yaşadıkları hane özellikleri ile yaşam doyumu düzeyleri arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. Araştırma nicel araştırma deseninde kesitsel tarama yönteminde yürütülen Dünya Değerler Araştırmasının dört (2001-2007-2011-2018) dalgasından elde edilen verilerin analizi ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmanın çalışma grubunda 650 işsiz yer almaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre, işsizlerin cinsiyet ve eğitim düzeylerine göre yaşam doyumu puanları fark oluşturmamaktadır. İşsizler arasında orta yaş grubundaki ve medeni durumuna göre evli olanların yaşam doyumu puanları daha düşüktür. Bireylerin gelir düzeyi ve algılanan sağlık ile yaşam doyumu puanları arasında pozitif korelasyon tespit edilmiştir. Sahip olunan çocuk sayısı arttıkça ve algılanan sosyal sınıf düştükçe yaşam doyumu puanları azalmaktadır. Araştırmanın bulguları işsizlere yönelik psikososyal destek hizmetlerinin içeriğine katkı vermesi beklenmektedir.

References

  • Akçay, S. ve Alpoğlu, İ.E., (2020). Sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının işsizlik deneyimleri. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet 31(1), 47-69. doi:10.33417/tsh.681837
  • Ayan, E. A. (2017). Veri madenciliği tekniklerinin iş ve meslek danışmanlığı hizmetlerinde kullanımı ve işkur için öneriler. Türkiye İş Kurumu Genel Müdürlüğü, Yayınlanmamış uzmanlık tezi. Ankara.
  • Axelsson, L., Ejlertsson, G., 2002. Self-reported health, self-esteem and social support among young unemployed people: a population-based study. International Journal of Social Welfare, 11, 111–119.. doi:10.1111/1468-2397.00205
  • Bambra, C. (2010). Yesterday once more? Unemployment and health in the 21st century. Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health, (1979-), 64(3), 213-215.
  • Beja, E. L. (2019). Subjective Well-Being Approach to Valuing Unemployment: Direct and Indirect Cost. International Journal of Community Well-Being, 1-11.
  • Bilgiç, R., ve Yılmaz, N. (2013). The correlates of psychological health among the Turkish unemployed: Psychological burden of financial help during unemployment. International Journal of Psychology, 48(5), 1000-1008.
  • Bora, A., Erdoğan, N., Bora, T., ve Üstün, İ. (2016). " Boşuna mı Okuduk?": Türkiye’de Beyaz Yakalı İşsizliği. İletişim Yayınları.
  • Carlier, B. E., Schuring, M., Lötters, F. J., Bakker, B., Borgers, N., ve Burdorf, A. (2013). The influence of re-employment on quality of life and self-rated health, a longitudinal study among unemployed persons in the Netherlands. BMC Public Health, 13(1), 1-7.
  • Clark, A., Georgellis, Y., ve Sanfey, P. (2001). Scarring: The psychological impact of past unemployment. Economica, 68(270), 221-241.
  • Clark, A. E., ve Oswald, A. J. (1994). Unhappiness and unemployment. The Economic Journal, 104(424), 648-659.
  • Clark, A., Oswald, A., ve Warr, P. (1996). Is job satisfaction U‐shaped in age?. Journal of occupational and organizational psychology, 69(1), 57-81.
  • Chen, W. H., ve Hou, F. (2019). The effect of unemployment on life satisfaction: a cross-national comparison between Canada, Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 14(4), 1035-1058.
  • Cramm, J. M., Moller, V., ve Nieboer, A. P. (2010). Improving subjective well-being of the poor in the Eastern Cape. Journal of Health Psychology, 15(7), 1012-1019.
  • Creed, P. A., ve Macintyre, S. R. (2001). The relative effects of deprivation of the latent and manifest benefits of employment on the well-being of unemployed people. Journal of Occupational Health Psychology, 6(4), 324-331. doi:10.1037/1076-8998.6.4.324
  • Creed, P., ve Watson, T. (2003). Age, gender, psychological wellbeing and the ımpact of losing the latent and manifest benefits of employment in unemployed people. Australian Journal of Psychology, 55. doi:10.1080/00049530412331312954.
  • Çelik, K. (2008). ‘My state is my father’: youth unemployment experiences under the weak state welfare provisions of Turkey. Journal of Youth Studies, 11(4), 429-444.
  • Çizel, R. B., Güzeller, C. O., ve Mütevellioğlu, N. (2011). İşsizliğin psikolojik sonuçları: Antalya örneği. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi, 2(1), 26-41.
  • Diener, E. (2000). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and a proposal for a national index. American psychologist, 55(1), 34.
  • Diener, E. ve Chan, M.Y., 2011. Happy People Live Longer: Subjective Well-Being Contributes to Health and Longevity. Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being, 3, 1–43.. doi:10.1111/j.1758-0854.2010.01045.x
  • Diener, E., ve Seligman, M. E. (2004). Beyond money: Toward an economy of well-being. Psychological science in the public interest, 5(1), 1-31.
  • Dolan, P., Peasgood, T., ve White, M. (2008). Do we really know what makes us happy? A review of the economic literature on the factors associated with subjective well-being. Journal of economic psychology, 29(1), 94-122.
  • Eichhorn, J. (2013). Unemployment needs context: How societal differences between countries moderate the loss in life-satisfaction for the unemployed. Journal of Happiness Studies, 14(6), 1657-1680.
  • Ferrer‐i‐Carbonell, A., ve Frijters, P. (2004). How important is methodology for the estimates of the determinants of happiness?. The Economic Journal, 114(497), 641-659.
  • Fielden, S. L., ve Davidson, M. J. (2001). Stress and gender in unemployed female and male managers. Applied Psychology. 50(2), 305-334. doi:10.1111/1464-0597.00060.
  • Fryer, D. (1997). International perspectives on youth unemployment and mental health: some central issues. Journal of Adolescence, 20(3), 333-342. doi:https://doi.org/10.1006/jado.1997.0089
  • Frey, B. (2008). Happiness. A revolution in economics. Cambridge and London: The MIT Press.
  • Frey, B. S., ve Stutzer, A. (2000). Happiness, economy and institutions. The Economic Journal, 110(466), 918-938.
  • Gallıe, D., ve Russell, H. (1998). Unemployment and life satisfaction: A cross-cultural comparison. European Journal of Sociology / Archives Européennes De Sociologie / Europäisches Archiv Für Soziologie, 39(2), 248-280.
  • Gerlach, K., ve Stephan, G. (1996). A paper on unhappiness and unemployment in Germany. Economics Letters, 52(3), 325-330.
  • Gürbüz, S., ve Şahin, F. (2014). Sosyal bilimlerde araştırma yöntemleri. Ankara: Seçkin Yayıncılık.
  • Hald Andersen, S. (2009). Unemployment and subjective well-being: A question of class?. Work and occupations, 36(1), 3-25.
  • Hammer, T. (2000). Mental health and social exclusion among unemployed youth in Scandinavia. A comparative study. International journal of social welfare, 9(1), 53-63.
  • Hoare, P. N., ve Machin, M. A. (2010). The impact of reemployment on access to the latent and manifest benefits of employment and mental health. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(3), 759-770.
  • Inglehart, R., C. Haerpfer, A. Moreno, C. Welzel, K. Kizilova, J. Diez-Medrano, M. Lagos, P. Norris, E. Ponarin ve B. Puranen et al. (eds.). 2018. World Values Survey: All Rounds - Country-Pooled Datafile Version: https://www.worldvaluessurvey.org/WVSDocumentationWVL.jsp. Madrid: JD Systems Institute.
  • Jahoda, M. (1981). Work, employment, and unemployment: Values, theories, and approaches in social research. American Psychologist, 36(2), 184-191. doi:10.1037/0003-066X.36.2.184.
  • Kanyılmaz Polat, E. (2015). Yüksek öğrenim mezunlarında işsizliğin psikolojik sonuçları ve iş arama davranışlarına etkisi: Çanakkale ili örneği. (Doktora tezi). Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Çanakkale.
  • Kanyılmaz Polat, E ve Bacak, B. (2018). Yükseköğrenim Mezunu İşsizlerde İşsizliğin Psikolojik Sonuçları ve İşsizlik Süresi İlişkisi: Çanakkale Örneği. Çalışma İlişkileri Dergisi, 9 (2) , 24-47.
  • Kiraz, Z., ve Kurul, N. (2018). Türkiye’de öğretmen işsizliği ve ataması yapılmayan öğretmenler hareketi. Mersin Üniversitesi Eğitim Fakültesi Dergisi, 14(1), 270-302.
  • Knabe, A., ve Ratzel, S. (2011). Scarring or scaring? The psychological impact of past unemployment and future unemployment risk. Economica, 78(310), 283-293.
  • Kurt, Ş. (2006). İşsizliğin psiko-sosyal sonuçları ve Türkiye üzerine muhtemel etkileri. Sosyal Siyaset Konferansları Dergisi (51), 357-379.
  • Lee, K. W. (2008). Psychological consequences of unemployment among Hong Kong university graduates: The impact of optimism, coping and motivations. A Report Submitted to Department of Applied Social Studies in PartialFulfillment of the Requirements for the Bachelor of Social Sciences in Psychology; City university of HongKong: Hong Kong, China.
  • Lelkes, O. (2006). Knowing what is good for you: Empirical analysis of personal preferences and the “objective good”. The Journal of Socio-Economics, 35(2), 285-307.
  • Lucas, R. E. (2007). Adaptation and the set-point model of subjective well-being: Does happiness change after major life events?. Current directions in psychological science, 16(2), 75-79.
  • McFadyen, R. G. (1995). Coping with threatened identities: Unemployed people’s self-categorizations. Current Psychology, 14(3), 233-256.
  • McKee-Ryan, F., Song, Z., Wanberg, C. R., ve Kinicki, A. J. (2005). Psychological and physical well-being during unemployment: a meta-analytic study. Journal of applied psychology, 90(1), 53.
  • Norström, F., Virtanen, P., Hammarström, A., Gustafsson, P. E., ve Janlert, U. (2014). How does unemployment affect self-assessed health? A systematic review focusing on subgroup effects. Bmc Public Health, 14(1), 1310. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-1310
  • Novak, M. (2014). The effect of personal and general unemployment on subjective well-being. European Scientific Journal, 487-492.
  • Öztürk, Ö. ve Erbay, E., 2018. Üniversite mezunu kadınların işsizlik süreçlerinin değerlendirilmesi. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 36, 125–148.. doi:10.17065/huniibf.289042.
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There are 68 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Sociology (Other)
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Ertuğrul Hatipoğlu 0000-0003-2153-4039

Tarık Tuncay 0000-0002-9447-6717

Publication Date April 30, 2021
Submission Date February 16, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 32 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Hatipoğlu, E., & Tuncay, T. (2021). İşsizlerde Yaşam Doyumunu Etkileyen Faktörlerin İncelenmesi: Dünya Değerler Araştırması Verisinden Türkiye Analizi. Toplum Ve Sosyal Hizmet, 32(2), 567-587. https://doi.org/10.33417/tsh.881193