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Effect of Cold Deformation Ratio and Reheating Temperatures on Microstructure of AA7075 Alloy Produced by SIMA Process

Year 2023, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 9 - 21, 30.07.2023

Abstract

The effect of cold deformation ratio and reheating temperatures was investigated on the microstructure of AA7075 alloy produced by the strain-induced melt activation (SIMA) process. For this aim, cold deformed billets with different ratios (10%, 20%, and 30%) were quenched in water from 600 °C, 606 °C, and 611 °C, and microstructural evolution was studied. It was observed that grain size reduced, shape factor increased with the increasing cold deformation ratio, and grain size and shape factor increased with the rising reheating temperatures. It was determined that a minimum of 20% cold deformation is required to produce a thixotropic structure with a homogeneous globular microstructure. It was also observed that the change in shape factor was insignificant with increasing temperature.

References

  • Akar, N. (2011). The effect of reheating temperature on the production of thixotropic structure with SIMA process in AA2024 alloy. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 26(2).
  • Akar, N., & Mutlu, I. (2010). Effect of predeformation rate in SIMA process on thixotropic structure of AA2024 aluminium alloy. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 25(4).
  • Atkinson, H., Kapranos, P., Liu, D., Chayong, S., & Kirkwood, D. H. (2002). Thixoforming of normally wrought aluminium alloys. Materials Science Forum, 396, 131-136.
  • Atkinson, H. V. (2005). Modelling the semisolid processing of metallic alloys. Progress in materials science, 50(3), 341-412.
  • Atkinson, H. V., Burke, K., & Vaneetveld, G. (2008). Recrystallisation in the semi-solid state in 7075 aluminium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 490(1-2), 266-276.
  • Birol, Y. (2007). Thermomechanical processing of AA6061 billets for semi-solid forming. International journal of materials research, 98(1), 53-59.
  • Chayong, S., Atkinson, H., & Kapranos, P. (2004). Multistep induction heating regimes for thixoforming 7075 aluminium alloy. Materials Science and Technology, 20(4), 490-496.
  • de Figueredo, A. (2001). Science and technology of semi-solid metal processing: North American Die Casting Assoc.
  • Dışpınar, D., & Türkeli, A. (2006). SIMA ile üretilmiş yarı-katı 2024 ve 7075 alüminyum alaşımlarının çözeltiye alma ısıl işlemi. Paper presented at the 11. Uluslararası Malzeme Sempozyumu, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Dong, J., Cui, J., Le, Q., & Lu, G. (2003). Liquidus semi-continuous casting, reheating and thixoforming of a wrought aluminum alloy 7075. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 345(1-2), 234-242.
  • Erzi, E., Gursoy, O., Yüksel, Ç., Kirtay, S., & Dispinar, D. (2018). Challenges in Producing Reliable Tensile Properties by SIMA 7075. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 18.
  • Fan, Z. (2002). Semisolid metal processing. International materials reviews, 47(2), 49-85.
  • Flemings, M. C. (1991). Behavior of metal alloys in the semisolid state. Metallurgical transactions A, 22(5), 957-981.
  • Flemings, M. C., & Martinez, R. A. (2006). Principles of microstructural formation in semi-solid metal processing. Solid State Phenomena, 116, 1-8.
  • Friedrich, B., Arnold, A., Sauermann, R., & Noll, T. (2009). Design of Al and Al–Li Alloys for Thixoforming. In G. Hirt & R. Kopp (Eds.), Thixoforming (pp. 105-145). Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH&Co.
  • Garat, M. (1998). Aluminum semi-solid processing: from the billet to the finished part. Ref., 1, 199-213.
  • Guner, A. T., Dispinar, D., & Tan, E. (2019). Microstructural and mechanical evolution of semisolid 7075 Al alloy produced by SIMA process at various heat treatment parameters. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44(2), 1243-1253.
  • Jung, H., & Kang, C. (2000). Reheating process of cast and wrought aluminum alloys for thixoforging and their globularization mechanism. Journal of materials processing technology, 104(3), 244-253.
  • Kapranos, P., Liu, T., Atkinson, H., & Kirkwood, D. (2001). Investigation into the rapid compression of semi-solid alloy slugs. Journal of materials processing technology, 111(1-3), 31-36.
  • Kenney, M., Courtois, J., Evans, R., Farrior, G., Kyonka, C., Koch, A., & Yong, K. (1988). Semi-solid metal casting and forging metals handbook. American Soc. for Metals (ASM) and Metals Park, Ohio(15), 331.
  • Kim, N., & Kang, C. (2000). An investigation of flow characteristics considering the effect of viscosity variation in the thixoforming process. Journal of materials processing technology, 103(2), 237-246.
  • Kirkwood, D. (1994). Semisolid Metal Processing. International materials reviews, 39(5), 173-189.
  • Liu, D., Atkinson, H., Kapranos, P., Jirattiticharoean, W., & Jones, H. (2003). Microstructural evolution and tensile mechanical properties of thixoformed high performance aluminium alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 361(1-2), 213-224.
  • Martinez, R. A., & Flemings, M. C. (2005). Evolution of particle morphology in semisolid processing. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 36(8), 2205-2210.
  • Nafisi, S., & Ghomashchi, R. (2005). Semi-solid metal processing routes: an overview. Canadian metallurgical quarterly, 44(3), 289-304.
  • Önsel, M. (2005). The influence of heating conditions on semi-solid forming of aluminum alloys. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul,
  • Porter, D. A., & Easterling, K. E. (2009). Phase transformations in metals and alloys (revised reprint): CRC press.
  • Saklakoglu, N., Saklakoglu, I. E., Tanoglu, M., Oztas, O., & Cubukcuoglu, O. (2004). Mechanical properties and microstructural evaluation of AA5013 aluminum alloy treated in the semi-solid state by SIMA process. Journal of materials processing technology, 148(1), 103-107.
  • Saklakoğlu, N., Çolakoğlu, H., & Gençalp, S. (2009). SIMA prosesi ile üretilmiş Al-4Zn-3Mg alaşımında mikroyapı gelişimi. Makine Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi, 6(3), 89-100.
  • Sang-Yong, L., Jung-Hwan, L., & Young-Seon, L. (2001). Characterization of Al 7075 alloys after cold working and heating in the semi-solid temperature range. Journal of materials processing technology, 111(1-3), 42-47.
  • Taneroglu, H., Akar, N., & Kilicli, V. (2013). Examination of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2024 alloy produced by thixocasting. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 28(4).
  • Türkeli, A. (1993). 7001 dövme alüminyum alaşımından SIMA yöntemiyle tiksotropik malzeme üretimi. Paper presented at the 5. Denizli Malzeme Sempozyumu, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Türkeli, A., & Akbaş, N. (1996). Formation of non-dendritic structure in 7075 wrought aluminum alloy by SIMA process and effect of heat treatment. Paper presented at the 4th International Conference on the Semi-Solid Processing of Alloys and Composites, Sheffield, UK.
  • Verhoeven, J. D. (1975). Fundamentals of Physical Metallurgy: John Wiley & Sons Incorporated.
  • Witulski, T., Morjan, U., Niedick, I., & Hirt, G. (1998). The thixoformability of aluminium alloys. Paper presented at the 5th International Conference on Semi-Solid Processing of Alloys and Composites, Colorado, USA.
  • Xia, K., & Tausig, G. (1998). Liquidus casting of a wrought aluminum alloy 2618 for thixoforming. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 246(1-2), 1-10.
  • Young, K. P., Curtis, P. K., & James, C. Fine grained metal composition,(1983). U. S. Patent.

Soğuk Deformasyon Oranı ve Yeniden Isıtma Sıcaklıklarının SIMA İşlemi ile Üretilen AA7075 Alaşımının Mikroyapısı Üzerine Etkisi

Year 2023, Volume: 16 Issue: 2, 9 - 21, 30.07.2023

Abstract

Gerinimin neden olduğu ergiyik/sıvı aktivasyonu (SIMA) işlemi ile üretilen AA7075 alaşımının mikroyapısı üzerine soğuk deformasyon oranı ve yeniden ısıtma sıcaklıklarının etkisi araştırılmıştır. Bu amaçla, farklı oranlarda (%10, %20 ve %30) soğuk deforme edilen kütükler 600 °C, 606 °C ve 611 °C sıcaklıktan hızla suda soğutularak mikroyapı değişimleri incelendi. Artan soğuk deformasyon oranı ile tane büyüklüğünün azaldığı ve şekil faktörünün arttığı, artan yeniden ısıtma sıcaklıklarında da tane büyüklüğü ve şekil faktörünün arttığı gözlenmiştir. Homojen küresel yapıya sahip bir tiksotropik yapı oluşturmak için minimum %20 soğuk deformasyonun gerekli olduğu belirlenmiştir. Artan yeniden ısıtma sıcaklığıyla şekil faktörünün değişiminin anlamlı olmadığı belirlenmiştir.

References

  • Akar, N. (2011). The effect of reheating temperature on the production of thixotropic structure with SIMA process in AA2024 alloy. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 26(2).
  • Akar, N., & Mutlu, I. (2010). Effect of predeformation rate in SIMA process on thixotropic structure of AA2024 aluminium alloy. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 25(4).
  • Atkinson, H., Kapranos, P., Liu, D., Chayong, S., & Kirkwood, D. H. (2002). Thixoforming of normally wrought aluminium alloys. Materials Science Forum, 396, 131-136.
  • Atkinson, H. V. (2005). Modelling the semisolid processing of metallic alloys. Progress in materials science, 50(3), 341-412.
  • Atkinson, H. V., Burke, K., & Vaneetveld, G. (2008). Recrystallisation in the semi-solid state in 7075 aluminium alloy. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 490(1-2), 266-276.
  • Birol, Y. (2007). Thermomechanical processing of AA6061 billets for semi-solid forming. International journal of materials research, 98(1), 53-59.
  • Chayong, S., Atkinson, H., & Kapranos, P. (2004). Multistep induction heating regimes for thixoforming 7075 aluminium alloy. Materials Science and Technology, 20(4), 490-496.
  • de Figueredo, A. (2001). Science and technology of semi-solid metal processing: North American Die Casting Assoc.
  • Dışpınar, D., & Türkeli, A. (2006). SIMA ile üretilmiş yarı-katı 2024 ve 7075 alüminyum alaşımlarının çözeltiye alma ısıl işlemi. Paper presented at the 11. Uluslararası Malzeme Sempozyumu, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Dong, J., Cui, J., Le, Q., & Lu, G. (2003). Liquidus semi-continuous casting, reheating and thixoforming of a wrought aluminum alloy 7075. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 345(1-2), 234-242.
  • Erzi, E., Gursoy, O., Yüksel, Ç., Kirtay, S., & Dispinar, D. (2018). Challenges in Producing Reliable Tensile Properties by SIMA 7075. Archives of Foundry Engineering, 18.
  • Fan, Z. (2002). Semisolid metal processing. International materials reviews, 47(2), 49-85.
  • Flemings, M. C. (1991). Behavior of metal alloys in the semisolid state. Metallurgical transactions A, 22(5), 957-981.
  • Flemings, M. C., & Martinez, R. A. (2006). Principles of microstructural formation in semi-solid metal processing. Solid State Phenomena, 116, 1-8.
  • Friedrich, B., Arnold, A., Sauermann, R., & Noll, T. (2009). Design of Al and Al–Li Alloys for Thixoforming. In G. Hirt & R. Kopp (Eds.), Thixoforming (pp. 105-145). Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH&Co.
  • Garat, M. (1998). Aluminum semi-solid processing: from the billet to the finished part. Ref., 1, 199-213.
  • Guner, A. T., Dispinar, D., & Tan, E. (2019). Microstructural and mechanical evolution of semisolid 7075 Al alloy produced by SIMA process at various heat treatment parameters. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 44(2), 1243-1253.
  • Jung, H., & Kang, C. (2000). Reheating process of cast and wrought aluminum alloys for thixoforging and their globularization mechanism. Journal of materials processing technology, 104(3), 244-253.
  • Kapranos, P., Liu, T., Atkinson, H., & Kirkwood, D. (2001). Investigation into the rapid compression of semi-solid alloy slugs. Journal of materials processing technology, 111(1-3), 31-36.
  • Kenney, M., Courtois, J., Evans, R., Farrior, G., Kyonka, C., Koch, A., & Yong, K. (1988). Semi-solid metal casting and forging metals handbook. American Soc. for Metals (ASM) and Metals Park, Ohio(15), 331.
  • Kim, N., & Kang, C. (2000). An investigation of flow characteristics considering the effect of viscosity variation in the thixoforming process. Journal of materials processing technology, 103(2), 237-246.
  • Kirkwood, D. (1994). Semisolid Metal Processing. International materials reviews, 39(5), 173-189.
  • Liu, D., Atkinson, H., Kapranos, P., Jirattiticharoean, W., & Jones, H. (2003). Microstructural evolution and tensile mechanical properties of thixoformed high performance aluminium alloys. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 361(1-2), 213-224.
  • Martinez, R. A., & Flemings, M. C. (2005). Evolution of particle morphology in semisolid processing. Metallurgical and Materials Transactions A, 36(8), 2205-2210.
  • Nafisi, S., & Ghomashchi, R. (2005). Semi-solid metal processing routes: an overview. Canadian metallurgical quarterly, 44(3), 289-304.
  • Önsel, M. (2005). The influence of heating conditions on semi-solid forming of aluminum alloys. Yüksek Lisans Tezi, Boğaziçi Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü, İstanbul,
  • Porter, D. A., & Easterling, K. E. (2009). Phase transformations in metals and alloys (revised reprint): CRC press.
  • Saklakoglu, N., Saklakoglu, I. E., Tanoglu, M., Oztas, O., & Cubukcuoglu, O. (2004). Mechanical properties and microstructural evaluation of AA5013 aluminum alloy treated in the semi-solid state by SIMA process. Journal of materials processing technology, 148(1), 103-107.
  • Saklakoğlu, N., Çolakoğlu, H., & Gençalp, S. (2009). SIMA prosesi ile üretilmiş Al-4Zn-3Mg alaşımında mikroyapı gelişimi. Makine Teknolojileri Elektronik Dergisi, 6(3), 89-100.
  • Sang-Yong, L., Jung-Hwan, L., & Young-Seon, L. (2001). Characterization of Al 7075 alloys after cold working and heating in the semi-solid temperature range. Journal of materials processing technology, 111(1-3), 42-47.
  • Taneroglu, H., Akar, N., & Kilicli, V. (2013). Examination of microstructure and mechanical properties of Al2024 alloy produced by thixocasting. Journal of The Faculty of Engineering and Architecture of Gazi University, 28(4).
  • Türkeli, A. (1993). 7001 dövme alüminyum alaşımından SIMA yöntemiyle tiksotropik malzeme üretimi. Paper presented at the 5. Denizli Malzeme Sempozyumu, Denizli, Türkiye.
  • Türkeli, A., & Akbaş, N. (1996). Formation of non-dendritic structure in 7075 wrought aluminum alloy by SIMA process and effect of heat treatment. Paper presented at the 4th International Conference on the Semi-Solid Processing of Alloys and Composites, Sheffield, UK.
  • Verhoeven, J. D. (1975). Fundamentals of Physical Metallurgy: John Wiley & Sons Incorporated.
  • Witulski, T., Morjan, U., Niedick, I., & Hirt, G. (1998). The thixoformability of aluminium alloys. Paper presented at the 5th International Conference on Semi-Solid Processing of Alloys and Composites, Colorado, USA.
  • Xia, K., & Tausig, G. (1998). Liquidus casting of a wrought aluminum alloy 2618 for thixoforming. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 246(1-2), 1-10.
  • Young, K. P., Curtis, P. K., & James, C. Fine grained metal composition,(1983). U. S. Patent.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Mühendislik Bilimleri
Authors

Volkan Kılıçlı 0000-0002-0456-5987

Neşet Akar

Early Pub Date July 30, 2023
Publication Date July 30, 2023
Acceptance Date January 22, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 16 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Kılıçlı, V., & Akar, N. (2023). Effect of Cold Deformation Ratio and Reheating Temperatures on Microstructure of AA7075 Alloy Produced by SIMA Process. TÜBAV Bilim Dergisi, 16(2), 9-21.
ISSN: 1308 - 4941