Research Article
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İlişkisel kodlanan coğrafi özniteliklerin deprem odaklı mekânsal modellemesi

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 85 - 91, 25.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.56130/tucbis.1332276

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın temel amacı, konumsal yeniden kodlama ve derecelendirme metodolojisi ile miktardan bağımsız olarak katkı kullanılarak etkileşimli olarak ölçeklenmiş, düzeltilmiş, projelendirilmiş ve veri tabanı olan bir sayısal zemin kalite haritası elde etmektir. Bu hedef kapsamında, zemin kalitesinin derecelendirilmesi ve yerleşim alanlarının depreme maruz kalma açısından etki değerlendirmesi yapılmıştır. Dijital ortamda üç boyutlu coğrafi modelleme teknikleri kullanılmış ve özelliklerin zemin kalitesine olan etkileri tek tek haritalanarak sonuca katkıları oranında kodlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak, dijital harita aracılığıyla, modeller gerçek alanın verileriyle karşılaştırılıyor, zeminin etki riski derecelendiriliyor ve coğrafi özellikler açısından mekansal detaylandırılıyor. Bu amaçla, örnek olay çalışmasına dayalı olarak, Eskişehir-Türkiye bölgesinde iki ilçe seçilmiş ve bölgelerin zemin kalitesi incelenmek üzere önceki projelerin sonuçları derlenmiştir. Bir katman olarak, zemin kalitesine katkıda bulunan tüm coğrafi parametrelerin haritaları, modelleme teknikleri kullanılarak derecelendirilmiş ve kodlanarak yeniden haritalanmıştır. Bu metodolojik çalışma sonucunda, yapıların deprem etkisi açısından gerçek durumlarının kontrolü için dinamik interaktif sayısal risk haritası elde edilmiştir.

References

  • Altan, M., Ayyıldız, O., Malkoç, S., Yazıcı, B., & Koparal, S. (2016). Mapping of heavy metal contamination characteristics using CIAPRG methodology. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 14(2), 433-446. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1402_433446
  • Altan, M., Öztürk, F., Gençler, G., & Ayday, C. (1999, October 18-22.). Preparation of earthquake risk map of two districts of Eskişehir by using 3-dimensional geographic information systems techniques [Symposium presentation]. International Conference on Earthquake Hazard and Risk in the Mediterranean Region, Near East University, Cyprus.
  • Ayday, C., Altan, M., Nefeslioğlu, H., Canıgür, A., Yerel, S. & Tün, M. (2001). Eskişehir Yerleşim yerinin yerleşim amaçlı jeolojik ve jeoteknik etüd raporu. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Uydu ve Uzay Bilimleri Araştırma Enstitüsü (in Turkish).
  • Azdiken, S., & Çatalyürekli, E. (2001). Eskişehir Odunpazarı Belediyesi Jeofizik rezistivite etüt raporu. Odunpazarı Belediyesi, Eskişehir (in Turkish).
  • Bauer, R. A., Kiefer, J., & Hester, N. (2001). Soil amplification maps for estimating earthquake ground motions in the central US. Engineering Geology, 62(1-3), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00045-
  • Bonham-Carter, G. F. (1994). Geographic Information Systems for Geoscientists. Pergamon Press.
  • Bozdağ, E. (2002). Estimation of earthquake site effects by array processing of microtremors in Yeşilyurt and Avcılar (Publication No. 126921) [Master’s thesis, Istanbul Technical University]. YÖK National Thesis Center.
  • Campanella, R. G., Robertson, P. K., & Gillespie, D. (1986). Seismic cone penetration test. Proceedings of In Situ 86, A Specialty Conference on Use Of In Situ Tests In Geotechnical Engineering, Blacksburg, Virginia.
  • Kramer, S. L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. Prentice Hall.
  • Luna, R., & Jadi, H. (2000). Determination of dynamic soil properties using geophysical and NDT methodologies to transportation facilities and infrastructure. St. Louis, MO, 1-15.
  • Nefeslioğlu, H., Tün, M., Ayday, C., & Göktan, M. (2003). Change detection of structures in the earthquake hazard zoning map of Eskişehir City, Turkey, by using satellite images. 2nd Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas, Urban, Berlin, Germany.
  • Street, R., Woolery, E., Wang, Z., & Harik, I. E. (1997). Soil classifications for estimating site-dependent response spectra and seismic coefficients for building code provisions in Western Kentucky. Engineering Geology, 46(3-4), 331-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(97)00010-0
  • Suzuki, Y., Tokimatsu, K., Koyamada, K., Taya, Y., & Kubota, Y. (1995). Field correlation of soil liquefaction based on CPT data. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, 538-588.
  • Tün, M., Avdan, U., Altan, M., & Ayday, C. (2004, July 12-23). Determination of characteristic site period and preliminary ground responce analysis according to responce by using GIS. [Symposium presentation]. XX Congress International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, ISPRS, İstanbul, Turkey.
  • Tün, M., Avdan, U., Altan, M., & Ayday, C. (2005, Mart 23-25.). SCPT’den elde edilen sıvılaşma potansiyeli ve makaslama dalgası hızı (Vs) haritalarının 3 boyutlu CBS yöntemi kullanılarak karşılaştırılması [Sempozyum sunumu]. Deprem Sempozyumu Kocaeli, Türkiye (in Turkish).
  • Tün, M., Avdan, U., Altan, M., Ayday, C., & Azdiken, S. (2004, Aralık 7-10). Eskişehir yerleşim yerinde SCPT uygulaması ile NEHPR zemin sınıflaması [Sempozyum sunumu]. Türkiye 16. Uluslararası Jeofizik Kongre ve Sergisi, Ankara, Türkiye (in Turkish).

Earthquake-oriented spatial modeling of relational coded geographical attributes

Year 2023, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 85 - 91, 25.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.56130/tucbis.1332276

Abstract

Earthquake is a natural event that threatens living spaces on a global scale, cannot be prevented, but its destructive effect can be reduced by taking precautions. In earthquake-resistant settlement planning, determining the interaction of physical and spatial variables for site components is a primary requirement. The aim of this study is to produce a digital ground quality map that is scaled, rectified, projected and database interactively based on contribution independent of amount through positional recoding and grading methodology. Within the scope of studies towards this goal, ground quality was graded and impact assessment of residential areas in terms of earthquake exposure was carried out. Three-dimensional geographical modeling techniques were used on the digital platform and attribute effects on ground quality were mapped one by one and coded in proportion to their contribution to the result. As a result of field and laboratory studies, the analysis and modeling results on the digital map we produced were compared with the critical settlements and numerical data in the field. The impact risk of the ground was rated and detailed spatially in terms of geographical and geological characteristics. In the final stage, based on the case study, two districts from the Eskişehir-Turkey region were selected and the results of previous projects were detailed to examine the ground quality of the regions. Data of all geographical and geological parameters that contribute to ground quality as field components were graded using GIS modeling techniques and layered on the digital platform again by coding. As a result of this methodological study, a dynamic interactive digital risk map was obtained to check the real condition of buildings in terms of earthquake effects.

References

  • Altan, M., Ayyıldız, O., Malkoç, S., Yazıcı, B., & Koparal, S. (2016). Mapping of heavy metal contamination characteristics using CIAPRG methodology. Applied Ecology and Environmental Research, 14(2), 433-446. http://dx.doi.org/10.15666/aeer/1402_433446
  • Altan, M., Öztürk, F., Gençler, G., & Ayday, C. (1999, October 18-22.). Preparation of earthquake risk map of two districts of Eskişehir by using 3-dimensional geographic information systems techniques [Symposium presentation]. International Conference on Earthquake Hazard and Risk in the Mediterranean Region, Near East University, Cyprus.
  • Ayday, C., Altan, M., Nefeslioğlu, H., Canıgür, A., Yerel, S. & Tün, M. (2001). Eskişehir Yerleşim yerinin yerleşim amaçlı jeolojik ve jeoteknik etüd raporu. Anadolu Üniversitesi, Uydu ve Uzay Bilimleri Araştırma Enstitüsü (in Turkish).
  • Azdiken, S., & Çatalyürekli, E. (2001). Eskişehir Odunpazarı Belediyesi Jeofizik rezistivite etüt raporu. Odunpazarı Belediyesi, Eskişehir (in Turkish).
  • Bauer, R. A., Kiefer, J., & Hester, N. (2001). Soil amplification maps for estimating earthquake ground motions in the central US. Engineering Geology, 62(1-3), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(01)00045-
  • Bonham-Carter, G. F. (1994). Geographic Information Systems for Geoscientists. Pergamon Press.
  • Bozdağ, E. (2002). Estimation of earthquake site effects by array processing of microtremors in Yeşilyurt and Avcılar (Publication No. 126921) [Master’s thesis, Istanbul Technical University]. YÖK National Thesis Center.
  • Campanella, R. G., Robertson, P. K., & Gillespie, D. (1986). Seismic cone penetration test. Proceedings of In Situ 86, A Specialty Conference on Use Of In Situ Tests In Geotechnical Engineering, Blacksburg, Virginia.
  • Kramer, S. L. (1996). Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering. Prentice Hall.
  • Luna, R., & Jadi, H. (2000). Determination of dynamic soil properties using geophysical and NDT methodologies to transportation facilities and infrastructure. St. Louis, MO, 1-15.
  • Nefeslioğlu, H., Tün, M., Ayday, C., & Göktan, M. (2003). Change detection of structures in the earthquake hazard zoning map of Eskişehir City, Turkey, by using satellite images. 2nd Joint Workshop on Remote Sensing and Data Fusion over Urban Areas, Urban, Berlin, Germany.
  • Street, R., Woolery, E., Wang, Z., & Harik, I. E. (1997). Soil classifications for estimating site-dependent response spectra and seismic coefficients for building code provisions in Western Kentucky. Engineering Geology, 46(3-4), 331-347. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0013-7952(97)00010-0
  • Suzuki, Y., Tokimatsu, K., Koyamada, K., Taya, Y., & Kubota, Y. (1995). Field correlation of soil liquefaction based on CPT data. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Cone Penetration Testing, 538-588.
  • Tün, M., Avdan, U., Altan, M., & Ayday, C. (2004, July 12-23). Determination of characteristic site period and preliminary ground responce analysis according to responce by using GIS. [Symposium presentation]. XX Congress International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, ISPRS, İstanbul, Turkey.
  • Tün, M., Avdan, U., Altan, M., & Ayday, C. (2005, Mart 23-25.). SCPT’den elde edilen sıvılaşma potansiyeli ve makaslama dalgası hızı (Vs) haritalarının 3 boyutlu CBS yöntemi kullanılarak karşılaştırılması [Sempozyum sunumu]. Deprem Sempozyumu Kocaeli, Türkiye (in Turkish).
  • Tün, M., Avdan, U., Altan, M., Ayday, C., & Azdiken, S. (2004, Aralık 7-10). Eskişehir yerleşim yerinde SCPT uygulaması ile NEHPR zemin sınıflaması [Sempozyum sunumu]. Türkiye 16. Uluslararası Jeofizik Kongre ve Sergisi, Ankara, Türkiye (in Turkish).
There are 16 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Geographic Information Systems
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hande Okurlar 0009-0007-0893-6347

Metin Altan 0000-0002-5247-887X

Early Pub Date December 18, 2023
Publication Date December 25, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Okurlar, H., & Altan, M. (2023). Earthquake-oriented spatial modeling of relational coded geographical attributes. Türkiye Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri Dergisi, 5(2), 85-91. https://doi.org/10.56130/tucbis.1332276

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