Hastanemizde Yatan Tip 2 Diyabetli Hastalarda Trigliserid/Glukoz İndeksi ile Diyabetin Mikrovasküler Komplikasyonları Arasındaki İlişki

Abstract

Amaç: Diyabetes melitusun (DM) prevalansındaki artış, diyabete bağlı mikrovasküler (nefropati, retinopati ve nöropati) komplikasyonların artışını da beraberinde getirmektedir. Trigliserid/glukoz indeksi (TyG) insülin direncini yansıtmakta kullanışlı bir göstergedir. Ayakta tedavi alan diyabetli hastalarda mikrovasküler ve makrovasküler komplikasyonlar ile arasındaki ilişki gösterilmiştir. Ancak yatan hastalarda bu ilişki net değildir. Hospitalize olan tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda trigliserid/glukoz indeksi ile diyabetin mikrovasküler komplikasyonları arasındaki olası ilişkiyi araştırmayı amaçladık. Gereç ve Yöntemler: Bu çalışmaya Şubat 2019-Mayıs 2022 tarihleri arasında tip 2 DM nedeniyle yatırılan toplam 420 hasta dahil edildi. Trigliserid/glukoz indeksi açlık trigliserid mg/dl × açlık glukoz mg/dl/2 formülüne göre hesaplandı. Her bir hasta için mikroalbuminüri, kronik böbrek hastalığı (KBH), diyabetik nöropati ve retinopati (DR) varlığı değerlendirildi. Verilerin analizinde IBM SPSS 22 yazılımı kullanıldı. Anlamlılık değeri p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Hastaların 256’sı (%61,0) kadın, 164’ü (%39,0) erkekti. Ortanca yaş 61 (20-91) yıl olarak hesaplandı. Hastaların %34,0’ünde nefropati, %35,4’ünde retinopati ve %50,5’inde nöropati saptandı. TyG indeksi diyabetik nefropatili hastalarda nefropatisi olmayan hastalara göre anlamlı derecede yüksekti (9,67±0,84 vs 9,48±0,75, p=0,019). Retinopati ve nöropatinin TyG indeksi ile ilişkisi yoktu. Sonuç: Yüksek TyG indeksi, tip 2 DM'li hastalarda nefropati varlığıyla ilişkilidir ve pratikte diyabetik nefropatinin erken tespiti ve önlenmesi için ucuz, ölçümü kolay bir belirteç olarak kullanılabilir.

Keywords

• Trigliserit-glikoz indeksi
• diyabetik retinopati
• diyabetik nefropati
• diyabetik nöropati

Relationship Between Triglyceride-Glucose Index and Microvascular Complications in Hospitalized Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Abstract

Aim: The increasing prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) brings about a rise in nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy, which are microvascular complications of diabetes. The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index is a convenient indicator of insulin resistance. It is related to microvascular and macrovascular complications among nonhospitalized patients with diabetes. However, it is unclear if the TyG index poses risks for vascular complications of type 2 DM in hospitalized patients. This study aims to investigate possible relations between this index and the risk of microvascular complications in hospitalized patients with type 2 DM. Material and Methods: The present study included 420 type 2 DM patients who were hospitalized in our clinic between February 2019 and May 2022. The TyG index was measured as fasting triglycerides mg/dL × fasting glucose mg/dL/2. The presence of microalbuminuria (MAU), diabetic neuropathy, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and retinopathy (DR) were evaluated. The data were analzed using IBM SPSS 22.0 statistical software. The level of statistical significance was taken as p<0.05. Results: Among the patients (164 males, 256 females), the median age was 61 years (20-91).. Diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy, and neuropathy rates were 34.0%, 35.4%, and 50.5%, respectively. Patients with diabetic nephropathy had significantly higher TyG index values (9.67±0.84) compared to those without (9.48±0.75, p=0.019). No significant associations were found between the TyG index and retinopathy or neuropathy. Conclusion: High TyG index values were associated with diabetic nephropathy in hospitalized patients with T2DM. The TyG index may be a useful, easy-to-measure marker for early detection and prevention of diabetic nephropathy in clinical settings.

Keywords

• Triglyceride-glucose index
• diabetic retinopathy
• diabetic nephropathy
• diabetic neuropathy

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