Effects of SGLT2 Inhibitors on Hematologic Parameters in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Retrospective Study

Year 2024, , 154 - 162, 30.08.2024

Baris Karagün , Okan Sefa Bakıner

https://doi.org/10.25048/tudod.1510532

Abstract

Aim: SGLT2 (Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2) inhibitors have demonstrated significant benefits in reducing cardiovascular events and improving renal outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM). However, their effects on hematopoiesis are not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the impact of SGLT2 inhibitors on hematocrit, erythrocyte count levels, and various hematologic parameters in patients with type 2 DM

Methods: A total of 116 patients with type 2 DM using SGLT2 inhibitors were included in the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics, as well as laboratory parameters, were collected at baseline and during control examinations. The patients were stratified based on the specific SGLT2 inhibitor received (dapagliflozin or empagliflozin), and comparisons were made between baseline and control values.

Results: The study found a significant increase in hematocrit and erythrocyte count levels among patients using SGLT2 inhibitors compared to baseline values (p=0.002; p<0.001). This increase was more pronounced in patients treated with empagliflozin compared to dapagliflozin. Additionally, mean platelet volume (MPV) and red cell distribution width (RDW) values decreased following SGLT2 inhibitor use, potentially indicating favorable cardiovascular effects (p=0.038; p=0.005).

Conclusion: SGLT2 inhibitors exert significant effects on hematopoiesis, leading to increased hematocrit and erythrocyte count levels in patients with DM. These findings contribute to our understanding of the hematologic effects of SGLT2 inhibitors and highlight their potential benefits beyond glycemic control in patients with type 2 DM. Further research is warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and clinical implications of these findings.

Keywords

Dapagliflozin, Erythrocytosis, Empagliflozin, Hematologic parameters

Tip 2 Diyabetli Hastalarda SGLT2 İnhibitörlerinin Hematolojik Parametreler Üzerindeki Etkileri: Retrospektif Bir Çalışma

Abstract

Amaç: SGLT2 (Sodyum-Glukoz Kotransporter 2) inhibitörleri, tip 2 diyabetes mellitus (DM) hastalarında kardiyovasküler olayları azaltmada ve böbrek sonuçlarını iyileştirmede önemli faydalar göstermiştir. Ancak, bu ilaçların hematopoez üzerindeki etkileri tam olarak anlaşılmamıştır. Bu çalışma, SGLT2 inhibitörlerinin tip 2 DM hastalarındaki hematokrit, eritrosit sayısı düzeyleri ve çeşitli hematolojik parametreler üzerindeki etkilerini araştırmayı amaçladı.

Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya SGLT2 inhibitörleri kullanan toplam 116 tip 2 DM hastası dahil edilmiştir. Demografik ve klinik özellikler ile laboratuvar parametreleri, başlangıçta ve kontrol muayenelerinde toplanmıştır. Hastalar, aldıkları spesifik SGLT2 inhibitörüne (dapagliflozin veya empagliflozin) göre gruplandırılmış ve başlangıç ile kontrol değerleri arasında karşılaştırmalar yapılmıştır.

Sonuçlar: Çalışma, SGLT2 inhibitörleri kullanan hastalar arasında hematokrit ve eritrosit sayısı düzeylerinde başlangıç değerlerine kıyasla anlamlı bir artış olduğunu buldu (p=0.002; p<0.001). Bu artış, dapagliflozin ile tedavi edilen hastalara kıyasla empagliflozin ile tedavi edilen hastalarda daha belirgindi. Ayrıca, ortalama trombosit hacmi (MPV) ve kırmızı hücre dağılım genişliği (RDW) değerleri SGLT2 inhibitörü kullanımından sonra azaldı ve bu durum potansiyel olarak olumlu kardiyovasküler etkileri gösterebilir (p=0.038; p=0.005).

Sonuç: SGLT2 inhibitörleri, hematopoez üzerinde önemli etkiler göstererek DM hastalarında hematokrit ve eritrosit sayısı düzeylerinde artışa yol açar. Bu bulgular, SGLT2 inhibitörlerinin hematolojik etkilerini anlamamıza katkıda bulunur ve tip 2 DM hastalarında glisemik kontrolün ötesindeki potansiyel faydalarını vurgular. Bu bulguların altında yatan mekanizmaları ve klinik sonuçları açıklığa kavuşturmak için daha fazla araştırma gereklidir.

Keywords

Dapagliflozin, Eritrositoz, Empagliflozin, Hematolojik parametreler

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