COVID-19 and Diabetes Mellitus: Are there any Differences in Outcomes with Anti-Diabetic Drugs?

Abstract

Aim: This study aims to analyze the effect of diabetes and diabetes drugs on the outcome of COVID-19 patients. Material and Methods: All the patients with diabetes hospitalized for COVID-19 between March 15, 2020 and June 15, 2020 at Istanbul University Faculty of Medicine were screened. Outcomes of the patients were compared with patients without diabetes. Results: Among six hundred fourteen patients (59.8% male, n=367) there were 151 patients with diabetes (24.5%). Patients with diabetes were hospitalized longer than patients without (12.1±10.3 vs. 10.2±7.3, p=0.037 in days), had higher intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalization rate (20.5% (n=31) vs. 12.0% (n=56), p=0.016, OR:1.8 (1.1-2.9)) and mortality rate (15.8% (n=24) vs. 7.7% (n=36, p=0.007), OR:2.1(1.2-3.8)). There was no difference in admission to ICU between patients who use metformin, basal insulin or bolus insulin regarding admission to ICU compared to patients who don’t (p= 0.32, p=0.22 and p=0.64, respectively). No patient on sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 treatment was treated in ICU. Death rate didn’t differ between patients regarding their treatment modalities. Conclusion: Patients with diabetes had worse outcomes than non-diabetic patients, and according to our findings and no anti-diabetic drug has a beneficial or harmful effect.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• Diabetes medication
• Sodium-glucose co-transporter-2
• Metformin

Covid-19 ve Diyabet: Antidiyabetik İlaçlar ile Sonlanımlarda Fark Var mı?

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışma, diyabet ve diyabet ilaçlarının COVID-19 hastalarının sonuçları üzerindeki etkisini analiz etmeyi amaçlamaktadır. Gereç ve Yöntemler: 15 Mart 2020-15 Haziran 2020 tarihleri arasında İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi'nde COVID-19 nedeniyle hastaneye yatırılan tüm diyabet hastaları tarandı. Hastaların sonuçları diyabeti olmayan hastalarla karşılaştırıldı. Bulgular: Altı yüz ondört hastanın (%59,8 erkek, n=367) 151 tanesi diyabet hastası (%24,5) idi. Diyabetli hastalar diyabeti olmayan hastalardan daha uzun süre hastanede yattı (12,1±10,3'e karşı 10,2±7,3 /gün p=0,037), diyabetlilerin yoğun bakım ünitesinde (YBÜ) yatış oranı (20,5% (n=31) ve 12,0% (n) =56), p=0,016, OR:1,8 (1,1-2,9)) ve ölüm oranları (%15,8 (n=24) ve %7,7 (n=36, p=0,007), OR:2,1(1,2-3,8)) daha yüksekti. Metformin, bazal insülin veya bolus insülin kullanan hastaların YBÜ’e yatışı açısından kullanmayanlara göre fark yoktu (sırasıyla p=0,32, p=0,22 ve p=0,64). Sodyum-glukoz kotransporter-2 tedavisi alan hiçbir hasta YBÜ'de tedavi edilmedi. Diyabet hastalarının ölüm oranı, aldıkları tedavi yöntemlerine göre hastalar arasında farklılık göstermedi. Sonuç: Diyabetli hastalar diyabetik olmayan hastalara göre daha kötü sonuçlara sahipti ve bizim bulgularımıza göre hiçbir antidiyabetik ilacın yararlı veya zararlı etkisi yoktu.

Keywords

• COVID-19
• Diyabet tedavisi
• Sodyum glukoz kotransporter-2
• Metformin

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