Effects of High-Intensity Interval Training (HIIT) Model on Food Intake in Individuals with Obesity: A Systematic Review

Abstract

In the treatment of obesity, besides diet, exercise is also effective in providing weight loss by increasing the body’s energy expenditure. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) provides decrease of body fat mass, improvement of maximum oxygen consumption and anaerobic threshold, glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes shorter time compared to moderate-intensity aerobic exercise. In addition, HIIT is an exercise model that has become popular in recent years because it can be applied in special conditions such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity and in all types of exercise. It has been prescribed by the American College of Medicine (ACSM) for 15 minutes at 85% of maximum oxygen consumption (VO2max) or 90% of maximum heart rate (HRmax) 2-3 times per week by walking, cycling, jogging. In addition, resistance exercises and aerobic exercises performed above 60% of VO2max can contribute to negative energy balance by suppressing appetite, reducing food intake. It can be applied in the treatment of obesity by reducing body fat mass. This effect is presumed to be controlled and regulated by orexigenic and anorexigenic hormones. Recent studies reveal that the HIIT model can be an effective way in the treatment of obesity by reducing food intake. In this study, which compiled the effects of HIIT on food intake in adults with obesity, it was revealed that HIIT was not effective in reducing food intake, but generally tended to reduce energy intake.

Keywords

• Obesity
• Exercise
• HIIT
• Nutrition
• Interval

Obezitesi Olan Bireylerde Yüksek Şiddetli Aralıklı Antrenman (HIIT) Modelinin Besin Alımına Etkileri: Sistematik Derleme

Abstract

Obezitenin tedavisinde diyetin yanı sıra egzersiz de vücudun enerji harcamasını artırarak kilo kaybının sağlanmasında etkilidir. Yüksek şiddetli aralıklı antrenman (HIIT) ise orta şiddette aerobik egzersize kıyasla daha kısa zamanda vücut yağ kütlesi kaybı, maksimum oksijen tüketimi ve anaerobik eşiğin iyileşmesi, Tip 2 diyabetli hastalarda glisemik kontrol gibi konularda benzer veya daha fazla fayda sağlaması, kardiyovasküler hastalıklar, diyabet ve obezite gibi özel koşullarda ve tüm egzersiz türlerinde uygulanabilir olması gibi sebeplerden dolayı son yıllarda popüler hale gelen bir egzersiz modelidir. American College of Medicine (ACSM) tarafından yürüme, bisiklet sürme, yavaş tempoda koşu şeklinde haftada 2-3 kez maksimum oksijen tüketiminin (VO2maks) %85’inde veya maksimum kalp atım hızının (KAHmaks) %90’ında 15 dakika boyunca reçetelendirilmiştir. Bununla birlikte direnç egzersizleri ve VO2maks’ın %60’ının üzerinde gerçekleştirilen aerobik egzersizler, iştahı baskılayarak besin alımını azaltıp negatif enerji dengesine katkıda bulunabilir ve vücut yağ kütlesini azaltıp obezitenin tedavisinde uygulanabilir. Bu etkinin oreksijenik ve anoreksijenik hormonlar aracılığıyla kontrol edildiği ve düzenlendiği tahmin edilmektedir. Güncel çalışmalar HIIT modelinin besin alımını azaltarak obezitenin tedavisinde etkin bir yol olabileceği konusunu ortaya koymaktadır. Obezitesi olan yetişkin bireylerde HIIT’in besin alımına etkilerini derleyen bu çalışma ile HIIT’in besin alımını azaltmada etkili olmadığı fakat genel olarak kalori alımını azaltma eğiliminde olduğu ortaya konulmuştur.

Keywords

• obezite
• egzersiz
• HIIT
• beslenme

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