Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction with 3-Way Catalytic Converter using Neural Network

Dr. Shıvakumar Nagareddy; Rishiprasath Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash; Thilak Sathiskumar; Ashok Kumar Babu Chellam; Anandakumar Jayakumar; Anitha A Subbiah Pillai

doi:10.31127/tuje.1835306

Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction with 3-Way Catalytic Converter using Neural Network

Abstract

The control of GDI (gasoline direct injection) engine exhaust emissions especially NOx and soot particles is the major challenging task because direct injection of fuel with high pressure leads to wall impingement of fuel and higher in-cylinder temperature with improved combustion. In this study, the CNG fueled vehicle emissions were predicted with the help of the NN model (Neural Network) of 3WCC (3-Way Catalytic Converter) using AMESim simulation tool. The framework replaced the complex 3WCC physical model into a NN based reduced order model. The NN model receives the input parameters such as vehicle velocity (or) acceleration, engine torque, engine speed, fuel consumption and catalyst inlet temperature; and predicts post catalyst emission mass flows and catalyst outlet temperature. The NN model was trained using real time WLTC (Worldwide Harmonized Light-duty Test Cycle). The NN model minimizes the computational load, captures dynamic catalyst behaviour and allows precise control of emissions during transient driving cycles. The exhaust CO2 cumulative mass exactly follows the same path of baseline, whereas the HC and CO cumulative masses of the NN model showed greater prediction than the baseline. The greater prediction of CO results in the same pattern of soot particle emission because of the rich mixture is the reason for both CO and soot particle emissions. The NOx cumulative mass of the NN model showed a similar pattern to that of baseline with slight gradual increment during transient conditions. At the end of the cycle, the NN model showed the reduction of CO, HC and NOx emissions around 15.38%, 20% and 15% respectively compared with the baseline emission concentrations. Overall, the well trained NN reduced order model showed superior accuracy towards minimizing the engine exhaust emission concentrations.

Keywords

Supporting Institution

Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, India.

Project Number

nil

Ethical Statement

We authors declare that the manuscript submitted to this journal is original and prepared the article with journal instructions. Also, we declare that the manuscript is not submitted to any other journal (or) anywhere else.

Thanks

We thank the management of the institution Chennai Institute of Technology, Chennai, India for providing an excellent research and infrastructural facility provided to carried out this research work.

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Computational Methods in Fluid Flow, Heat and Mass Transfer (Incl. Computational Fluid Dynamics), Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Engineering (Other), Environmental Pollution and Prevention

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Dr. Shıvakumar Nagareddy ^*
0000-0001-9084-9101
India

Rishiprasath Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash
India

Thilak Sathiskumar
India

Ashok Kumar Babu Chellam This is me
0000-0002-9291-1797
India

Anandakumar Jayakumar
India

Anitha A Subbiah Pillai
0009-0002-5836-8100
India

Publication Date

May 1, 2026

Submission Date

December 3, 2025

Acceptance Date

February 26, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 10 Number: 2

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1835306

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA24KJ69SX

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Nagareddy, D. S., Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash, R., Sathiskumar, T., Babu Chellam, A. K., Jayakumar, A., & A Subbiah Pillai, A. (2026). Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction with 3-Way Catalytic Converter using Neural Network. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 10(2), 566-581. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1835306

AMA

1.Nagareddy DS, Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash R, Sathiskumar T, Babu Chellam AK, Jayakumar A, A Subbiah Pillai A. Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction with 3-Way Catalytic Converter using Neural Network. TUJE. 2026;10(2):566-581. doi:10.31127/tuje.1835306

Chicago

Nagareddy, Dr. Shıvakumar, Rishiprasath Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash, Thilak Sathiskumar, Ashok Kumar Babu Chellam, Anandakumar Jayakumar, and Anitha A Subbiah Pillai. 2026. “Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction With 3-Way Catalytic Converter Using Neural Network”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 10 (2): 566-81. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1835306.

EndNote

Nagareddy DS, Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash R, Sathiskumar T, Babu Chellam AK, Jayakumar A, A Subbiah Pillai A (May 1, 2026) Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction with 3-Way Catalytic Converter using Neural Network. Turkish Journal of Engineering 10 2 566–581.

IEEE

[1]D. S. Nagareddy, R. Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash, T. Sathiskumar, A. K. Babu Chellam, A. Jayakumar, and A. A Subbiah Pillai, “Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction with 3-Way Catalytic Converter using Neural Network”, TUJE, vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 566–581, May 2026, doi: 10.31127/tuje.1835306.

ISNAD

Nagareddy, Dr. Shıvakumar - Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash, Rishiprasath - Sathiskumar, Thilak - Babu Chellam, Ashok Kumar - Jayakumar, Anandakumar - A Subbiah Pillai, Anitha. “Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction With 3-Way Catalytic Converter Using Neural Network”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 10/2 (May 1, 2026): 566-581. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1835306.

JAMA

1.Nagareddy DS, Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash R, Sathiskumar T, Babu Chellam AK, Jayakumar A, A Subbiah Pillai A. Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction with 3-Way Catalytic Converter using Neural Network. TUJE. 2026;10:566–581.

MLA

Nagareddy, Dr. Shıvakumar, et al. “Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction With 3-Way Catalytic Converter Using Neural Network”. Turkish Journal of Engineering, vol. 10, no. 2, May 2026, pp. 566-81, doi:10.31127/tuje.1835306.

Vancouver

1.Dr. Shıvakumar Nagareddy, Rishiprasath Sundaramoorthy Jayaprakash, Thilak Sathiskumar, Ashok Kumar Babu Chellam, Anandakumar Jayakumar, Anitha A Subbiah Pillai. Vehicle Exhaust Emissions Prediction with 3-Way Catalytic Converter using Neural Network. TUJE. 2026 May 1;10(2):566-81. doi:10.31127/tuje.1835306