Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts

Shah Wali Nazari; Veli Akarsu; Murat Yakar

doi:10.31127/tuje.1908484

Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts

Abstract

Industry 4.0 requires sub-millimeter metrological precision for the geometric quality assurance of high-value industrial components, particularly in aviation and defense applications. This study presents a comparative evaluation of triangulation-based Handheld Laser Scanning (HLS) and phase-shift Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) for micro-scale deformation detection. The Creaform HandySCAN Black (0.020 mm + 0.040 mm/m) and FARO Focus X330 (±2 mm) were benchmarked across four software platforms: CloudCompare (M3C2), PolyWorks, Geomagic Control X, and MeshLab. HLS achieved superior performance with an RMS deviation of 0.114866 mm, successfully identifying defects below 0.05 mm across 858 validated classes. TLS exhibited a noise floor of ±2 mm, confirming its limitations for component-level inspection. Statistical analysis demonstrated that the deviation data followed a Gaussian distribution (R² = 0.9834), indicating high measurement reliability and absence of systematic bias. The integration of HLS with the M3C2 algorithm enables high-fidelity Digital Twin generation and automated as-built vs. as-designed comparison workflows compliant with ISO 17025 requirements. The results demonstrate that HLS provides a fast, accurate, and industry-ready solution for Quality 4.0 applications in precision manufacturing.

Keywords

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing

Journal Section

Research Article

Authors

Shah Wali Nazari ^*
0000-0002-9873-375X
Türkiye

Veli Akarsu
0000-0003-0845-3533
Türkiye

Murat Yakar
0000-0000-0000-0000
Türkiye

Publication Date

July 6, 2026

Submission Date

March 12, 2026

Acceptance Date

July 3, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 10 Number: 3

DOI

https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1908484

IZ

https://izlik.org/JA66CL85GR

Cite

RIS / Bibtex

APA

Nazari, S. W., Akarsu, V., & Yakar, M. (2026). Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 10(3), 1220-1228. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1908484

AMA

1.Nazari SW, Akarsu V, Yakar M. Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts. TUJE. 2026;10(3):1220-1228. doi:10.31127/tuje.1908484

Chicago

Nazari, Shah Wali, Veli Akarsu, and Murat Yakar. 2026. “Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 10 (3): 1220-28. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1908484.

EndNote

Nazari SW, Akarsu V, Yakar M (July 1, 2026) Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts. Turkish Journal of Engineering 10 3 1220–1228.

IEEE

[1]S. W. Nazari, V. Akarsu, and M. Yakar, “Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts”, TUJE, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 1220–1228, July 2026, doi: 10.31127/tuje.1908484.

ISNAD

Nazari, Shah Wali - Akarsu, Veli - Yakar, Murat. “Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 10/3 (July 1, 2026): 1220-1228. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1908484.

JAMA

1.Nazari SW, Akarsu V, Yakar M. Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts. TUJE. 2026;10:1220–1228.

MLA

Nazari, Shah Wali, et al. “Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts”. Turkish Journal of Engineering, vol. 10, no. 3, July 2026, pp. 1220-8, doi:10.31127/tuje.1908484.

Vancouver

1.Shah Wali Nazari, Veli Akarsu, Murat Yakar. Comparative Analysis of Terrestrial and Handheld Laser Scanning Technologies for Sub-Millimeter Deformation Detection in Industrial Parts. TUJE. 2026 Jul. 1;10(3):1220-8. doi:10.31127/tuje.1908484