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Year 2017, , 44 - 51, 15.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.316859

Abstract

References

  • Akgöz, M. (2012). Göksu nehri ve Lamas kanyonu (Mersin) arasında kalan bölgenin karst evrimi, PhD Thesis, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
  • Akgöz, M. and Eren, M. (2015). Traces of earthquakes in the caves: Sakarlak Ponor and Kepez Cave, Mersin (S Turkey). Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, Vol. 77, No. 1, 63–74.
  • Baker, A. and Smart, P. L. (1995). Recent flowstone growth rates: Field measurements in comparison to theoretical predictions. Chemical Geology, Vol. 122, 121–128.
  • Baker, A., Genty, D., Dreybrodt, W., Barnes, W. L., Mockler, N. J. and Grapes, J. (1998). Testing theoretically predicted stalagmite growth rate with Recent annually laminated samples: Implications for past stalagmite deposition. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vo. 62, No. 3, 393–404.
  • Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A. and Kaufman, A. (1997). Late Quaternary Paleoclimate in the Eastern Mediterranean Region from Stable Isotope Analysis of Speleothems at Soreq Cave, Israel. Quaternary Research, Vol. 47, No. 2, 155–168.
  • Baskaran, M. and Iliffe, T. M. (1993). Age determination of recent cave deposits using excess 210Pb- a new technique. Geophysical Research Letter, Vol. 20, No. 7, 603–606.
  • Chen, Z., Chen, Z. and Zhang, W. (1997). Quaternary stratigraphy and trace-element indices of the Yangtze Delta, Eastern China, with special reference to marine transgressions. Quaternary Research, Vol. 47, No. 2, 181–191.
  • Cox, G., James, J. M., Armstrong, R. A. L. and Leggett, K. E. A. (1989). Stromatolotic crayfish-like stalagmites. Proceedings of the University of Bristol Spelaeological Society 18, pp. 339–358.
  • Day, C. C. and Henderson, G. M. (2011). Oxygen isotopes in calcite grown under cave-analogue conditions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 75, No. 14, 3956–3972.
  • Deocampo, D. M. (2010). Geochemistry of continental carbonates. In: Alonso-Zarza, A.M. and Tanner, L.H., Eds., Carbonates in continental settings: geochemistry, diagenesis, and applications. Amsterdam, Netherland, Elsevier, Developments in Sedimentology 62, pp. 1–59.
  • Domínguez-Villar, D., Wang, X., Cheng, H., Martín-Chivelet, J. and Edwards, R. L. (2008). A high-resolution late Holocene speleothem record from Kaite Cave, northern Spain: δ18O variability and possible causes. Quaternary International, Vol. 187, No. 1, 40–51.
  • Eren, M., 2008. Olba (Ura-Uğuralanı) jeoarkeolojisi (Silifke, Mersin). Ankara, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı 24. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı, 181–192.
  • Eren, M. (2011). Stable isotope geochemistry of Quaternary calcretes in the Mersin area, southern Turkey - A comporasion and implications for their origin. Chemie der Erde, Vol. 71, No. 1, 31–37.
  • Eren, M., Kadir, S., Hatipoğlu, Z. and Gül, M. (2008). Quaternary calcrete development in the Mersin area, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 17, No. 4, 763784.
  • Fairchild, I. J. and McMillan, E.A. (2007). Speleothems as indicators of wet and dry periods. International Journal of Speleology, Vol. 36, No. 2, 69-74.
  • Fairchild, I. J. and Treble, P. C. (2009). Trace elements in speleothems as recorders of environmental change. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 28, No. 5-6, 449–468.
  • Fairchild, I. J., Spötl, C., Frisia, S., Borsato, A., Susini, J., Wynn, P. M., Cauzid, J. and EIMF (2010). Petrology and geochemistry of annually laminated stalagmites from an Alpin Cave (Obir, Austria): Seasonal cave physiology. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 336, 295–321.
  • Friedman, I. and O'Neil, J. R. (1977). Compilation of stable isotope factors of geochemical interest. In: Fleischer, M., Ed., Data of Geochemistry. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 440-KK, pp. 1–12.
  • Gascoyne, M. and Nelson, D. E. (1983). Growth mechanisms of recent speleothems from Castleguard Cave, Columbia Icefields, Alberta, Canada, inferred from a comparison of uranium-series and carbon-14 age data. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 15, No. 4, 537–542.
  • Gedik, A., Birgili, Ş., Yılmaz, H. and Yoldaş, R. (1979). Mut-Ermenek-Silifke yöresinin jeolojisi ve petrol olanakları. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni, Vol. 22, No.1, 7–26.
  • Genty, D., Baker, A. and Vokal, B. (2001). Intra- and inter-annual growth rate of modern stalagmites. Chemical Geology, Vol. 176, No. 1-4, 191–212.
  • Huang, Y. and Fairchild, I. J. (2001). Partitioning of Sr2+ and Mg2+ into calcite under karst-analogue experimental conditions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 65, No. 1, 47–62.
  • Jarvis, I. and Jarvis, K. E. (1992). Plasma spectrometry in earth sciences: techniques, applications and future trends. In: Jarvis, I. and Jarvis, K.E., Eds., Plasma spectrometry in Earth Sciences. Chemical Geology 95, pp. 1–33.
  • Johnson, K. R., Hu, C., Belshaw, N. S. and Henderson, G. M. (2006). Seasonal trace-element and stable-isotope variations in a Chinese speleothem: The potential for high-resolution paleomonsoon reconstruction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 244, No. 1-2, 394–407.
  • Jones, B. and Kahle, C. F. (1993). Morphology, relationship, and origin of fiber and dendritic calcite crystals. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 63, No. 6, 1018–1031. Kaplan, M. Y., Eren, M., Kadir, S. and Kapur, S. (2013). Mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of Quaternary calcretes in the Adana region, southern Turkey: Implications on their origin. Catena, Vol.101, 164–177.
  • Kaplan, M. Y., Eren, M., Kadir, S. and Kapur, S. (2013). Mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of Quaternary calcretes in the Adana region, southern Turkey: Implications on their origin. Catena, Vol.101, 164–177.
  • Lachniet, M. S. (2009). Climatic and environmental controls on speleothem oxygen-isotope values. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 28, No. 5-6, 412–432.
  • Lauritzen, S. T. and Lundberg, J. (1999). Speleothems and climate: a special issue of The Holocene. Holocene Vol. 9, No. 6, 643–647.
  • MacKenzie, R. C. (1957). The Differential Thermal Investigation of Clays. Mineralogical Society, London, UK.
  • Madejová, J., Balan, E. and Petit, S. (2011). Application of vibrational spectroscopy to the characterization of phyllosilicates and other industrial minerals. EMU Notes in Mineralogy, Vol. 9, pp 171–226.
  • McDermott, F. (2004). Palaeo-climate reconstruction from stable isotope variations in speleothems: a review. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 23, No. 7-8, 901–918.
  • Northup, D.E. and Lavoie, K.H., 2001. Geomicrobiology of caves: a review. Geomicrobiology Journal, Vol. 18, No. 3, 199–222.
  • Poulson, T. L. and White, W. B. (1969). The cave environment. Science, Vol. 165, No. 3897, 971–981.
  • Riechelmann, D. F. C., Deininger, M., Scholz, D., Riechelmann, S., Schröder-Ritzrau, A., Spötl, C., Richter, D. K., Mangini, A. and Immenhauser, A. (2013). Disequilibrium carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation in recentcave calcite: Comparison of cave precipitates and model data. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 103, 232–244.
  • Sherwin, C. M. and Baldini, J. U. L. (2011). Cave air and hydrological controls on prior calcite precipitation and stalagmite growth rates: Implications for palaeoclimate reconstructions using speleothems. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol.75, No. 14, 3915–3929.
  • Smykatz-Kloss, W., 1974. Differential Thermal Analysis: Application and Results in Mineralogy. Springer, Berlin.
  • Talbot, M.R. and Kelts, K., 1990. Paleolimnological signatures from carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios in carbonates from organic carbonrich lacustrine sediments. In: Katz, B.J., Ed., Lacustrine Basin Exploration: Case Studies and Modern Analogs. Tulsa, Oklohama, USA: American Association Petroleum Geologist Memoir 50, pp. 88–112.
  • Tremaine, D.M., Froelich, P.N. and Wang, Y., 2011. Speleothem calcite farmed in situ: Modern calibration of 18O and 13C paleoclimate proxies in a continuously-monitored natural cave system. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 75, No. 17, 4929–4950.
  • Turrero, M.J., Garrolon, A., Gomez, P., Martin-Chivelet, J., Sanchez, L. and Ortega, A.I., 2009. Present-day calcite deposition in two caves of N Spain (Kaite and Cueva Mayor): Factors affecting calcitegrowth and fabric. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, Supplement A1356.
  • Vaks, A., Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A., Schilman, B., Gilmour, M., Hawkesworth, C.J., Frumkin, A., Kaufman, A. snd Matthews, A., 2003. Paleoclimate reconstruction based on the timing of speleothem growth and oxygen and carbon isotope composition in a cave located in the rain shadow in Israel. Quaternary Research, Vol. 59, No. 2, 182–193.
  • Vaks, A., Bar-Matthews, M., Matthews, A., Ayalon, A. and Frumkin, A., 2010. Middle-Late Quaternary paleoclimate of northern margins of the Saharan-Arabian Desert: reconstruction from speleothems of Negev Desert, Israel. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 29, No. 19-20, 2647–2662.
  • Van der Marel, H.W. and Beutelspacher, H., 1976. Atlas of Infrared Spectroscopy of Clay Minerals and Their Admixtures. Amsterdam, Netherland:Elsevier.
  • Verheyden, S., 2004. Trace elements in speleothems- A short review of the state of art. International Journal of Speleology, Vol. 33, No 1/4, 95–101.
  • Verheyden, S., Keppens, E., Fairchild, I.J., McDermott, F. and Weis, D., 2000. Mg, Sr and Sr isotope geochemistry of a Belgian Holocene speleothem: implications for paleoclimate reconstructions. Chemical Geology, Vol. 169, No. 1-2, 131–144.
  • Verheyden, S., Nader, F.H., Cheng, H.J., Edwards, L.A. and Swennen, R., 2008. Paleoclimate reconstruction in the Levant region from the geochemistry of a Holocene stalagmite from the Jeita cave, Lebanon. Quaternary Research, vol. 70, No. 3, 368-381.
  • Vuai, S.A.H., 2012. Geochemical Characteristics of Spaleotherm Formation in Caves from Zanzibar Island, Tanzania. 1:505. doi:10.4172/scientificreports.505.
  • Wassenburg, J.A., Immenhauser, A., Richter, D.K., Jochum, K.P., Fietzke, J., Deininger, M., Goos, M., Scholz, D. and Sabaoui, A., 2012. Climate and cave control on Pleistocene/Holocene calcite-to-aragonite transitions in speleothems from Morocco: Elemental and isotopic evidence. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 92, 23–47.
  • Webb, T.L. and Krüger, J.E., 1970. Carbonates. In: MacKenzie, R.C., Ed., Differential Thermal Analysis Vol. 1 - Fundamental Aspects. Academic Press, London.

MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY

Year 2017, , 44 - 51, 15.09.2017
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.316859

Abstract

Küpeli cave in southern Turkey (UTM: 36.606085 °N, 34.114917 °E, 742 m asl) shows recent stalagmite development at several points beneath dripping water on a stack of blocks due to collapse of the cave ceiling. Calcite precipitated from water supersaturated with respect to CaCO3 under the surface conditions taken from a thin cover of water on the upper surface of stalagmites was analysed using the several analytical techniques, including XRD, DTA-TG, IR, ICP-OES and MS and stable isotope analyses. The results revealed that the precipitated material consists almost entirely of calcite. In the SEM images, the precipitate is composed mainly of euhedral to subhedral equant calcite crystals with size of 5-10 µmand an interwoven mass of calcite filaments. Stable isotope values of the calcite (δ18O = –3.81 ‰ V-PDB and δ13C = –6.92 ‰ V-PDB) indicate precipitation from meteoric soil water. The crystalline fabric of the precipitate points out inorganic precipitation whereas filamentous forms suggest calcified green algae at advance stage of evaporation. 

References

  • Akgöz, M. (2012). Göksu nehri ve Lamas kanyonu (Mersin) arasında kalan bölgenin karst evrimi, PhD Thesis, Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey.
  • Akgöz, M. and Eren, M. (2015). Traces of earthquakes in the caves: Sakarlak Ponor and Kepez Cave, Mersin (S Turkey). Journal of Cave and Karst Studies, Vol. 77, No. 1, 63–74.
  • Baker, A. and Smart, P. L. (1995). Recent flowstone growth rates: Field measurements in comparison to theoretical predictions. Chemical Geology, Vol. 122, 121–128.
  • Baker, A., Genty, D., Dreybrodt, W., Barnes, W. L., Mockler, N. J. and Grapes, J. (1998). Testing theoretically predicted stalagmite growth rate with Recent annually laminated samples: Implications for past stalagmite deposition. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vo. 62, No. 3, 393–404.
  • Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A. and Kaufman, A. (1997). Late Quaternary Paleoclimate in the Eastern Mediterranean Region from Stable Isotope Analysis of Speleothems at Soreq Cave, Israel. Quaternary Research, Vol. 47, No. 2, 155–168.
  • Baskaran, M. and Iliffe, T. M. (1993). Age determination of recent cave deposits using excess 210Pb- a new technique. Geophysical Research Letter, Vol. 20, No. 7, 603–606.
  • Chen, Z., Chen, Z. and Zhang, W. (1997). Quaternary stratigraphy and trace-element indices of the Yangtze Delta, Eastern China, with special reference to marine transgressions. Quaternary Research, Vol. 47, No. 2, 181–191.
  • Cox, G., James, J. M., Armstrong, R. A. L. and Leggett, K. E. A. (1989). Stromatolotic crayfish-like stalagmites. Proceedings of the University of Bristol Spelaeological Society 18, pp. 339–358.
  • Day, C. C. and Henderson, G. M. (2011). Oxygen isotopes in calcite grown under cave-analogue conditions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 75, No. 14, 3956–3972.
  • Deocampo, D. M. (2010). Geochemistry of continental carbonates. In: Alonso-Zarza, A.M. and Tanner, L.H., Eds., Carbonates in continental settings: geochemistry, diagenesis, and applications. Amsterdam, Netherland, Elsevier, Developments in Sedimentology 62, pp. 1–59.
  • Domínguez-Villar, D., Wang, X., Cheng, H., Martín-Chivelet, J. and Edwards, R. L. (2008). A high-resolution late Holocene speleothem record from Kaite Cave, northern Spain: δ18O variability and possible causes. Quaternary International, Vol. 187, No. 1, 40–51.
  • Eren, M., 2008. Olba (Ura-Uğuralanı) jeoarkeolojisi (Silifke, Mersin). Ankara, Kültür ve Turizm Bakanlığı 24. Arkeometri Sonuçları Toplantısı, 181–192.
  • Eren, M. (2011). Stable isotope geochemistry of Quaternary calcretes in the Mersin area, southern Turkey - A comporasion and implications for their origin. Chemie der Erde, Vol. 71, No. 1, 31–37.
  • Eren, M., Kadir, S., Hatipoğlu, Z. and Gül, M. (2008). Quaternary calcrete development in the Mersin area, southern Turkey. Turkish Journal of Earth Sciences, Vol. 17, No. 4, 763784.
  • Fairchild, I. J. and McMillan, E.A. (2007). Speleothems as indicators of wet and dry periods. International Journal of Speleology, Vol. 36, No. 2, 69-74.
  • Fairchild, I. J. and Treble, P. C. (2009). Trace elements in speleothems as recorders of environmental change. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 28, No. 5-6, 449–468.
  • Fairchild, I. J., Spötl, C., Frisia, S., Borsato, A., Susini, J., Wynn, P. M., Cauzid, J. and EIMF (2010). Petrology and geochemistry of annually laminated stalagmites from an Alpin Cave (Obir, Austria): Seasonal cave physiology. Geological Society, London, Special Publications 336, 295–321.
  • Friedman, I. and O'Neil, J. R. (1977). Compilation of stable isotope factors of geochemical interest. In: Fleischer, M., Ed., Data of Geochemistry. United States Geological Survey Professional Paper 440-KK, pp. 1–12.
  • Gascoyne, M. and Nelson, D. E. (1983). Growth mechanisms of recent speleothems from Castleguard Cave, Columbia Icefields, Alberta, Canada, inferred from a comparison of uranium-series and carbon-14 age data. Arctic and Alpine Research, Vol. 15, No. 4, 537–542.
  • Gedik, A., Birgili, Ş., Yılmaz, H. and Yoldaş, R. (1979). Mut-Ermenek-Silifke yöresinin jeolojisi ve petrol olanakları. Türkiye Jeoloji Kurumu Bülteni, Vol. 22, No.1, 7–26.
  • Genty, D., Baker, A. and Vokal, B. (2001). Intra- and inter-annual growth rate of modern stalagmites. Chemical Geology, Vol. 176, No. 1-4, 191–212.
  • Huang, Y. and Fairchild, I. J. (2001). Partitioning of Sr2+ and Mg2+ into calcite under karst-analogue experimental conditions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 65, No. 1, 47–62.
  • Jarvis, I. and Jarvis, K. E. (1992). Plasma spectrometry in earth sciences: techniques, applications and future trends. In: Jarvis, I. and Jarvis, K.E., Eds., Plasma spectrometry in Earth Sciences. Chemical Geology 95, pp. 1–33.
  • Johnson, K. R., Hu, C., Belshaw, N. S. and Henderson, G. M. (2006). Seasonal trace-element and stable-isotope variations in a Chinese speleothem: The potential for high-resolution paleomonsoon reconstruction. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, Vol. 244, No. 1-2, 394–407.
  • Jones, B. and Kahle, C. F. (1993). Morphology, relationship, and origin of fiber and dendritic calcite crystals. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, Vol. 63, No. 6, 1018–1031. Kaplan, M. Y., Eren, M., Kadir, S. and Kapur, S. (2013). Mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of Quaternary calcretes in the Adana region, southern Turkey: Implications on their origin. Catena, Vol.101, 164–177.
  • Kaplan, M. Y., Eren, M., Kadir, S. and Kapur, S. (2013). Mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic characteristics of Quaternary calcretes in the Adana region, southern Turkey: Implications on their origin. Catena, Vol.101, 164–177.
  • Lachniet, M. S. (2009). Climatic and environmental controls on speleothem oxygen-isotope values. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 28, No. 5-6, 412–432.
  • Lauritzen, S. T. and Lundberg, J. (1999). Speleothems and climate: a special issue of The Holocene. Holocene Vol. 9, No. 6, 643–647.
  • MacKenzie, R. C. (1957). The Differential Thermal Investigation of Clays. Mineralogical Society, London, UK.
  • Madejová, J., Balan, E. and Petit, S. (2011). Application of vibrational spectroscopy to the characterization of phyllosilicates and other industrial minerals. EMU Notes in Mineralogy, Vol. 9, pp 171–226.
  • McDermott, F. (2004). Palaeo-climate reconstruction from stable isotope variations in speleothems: a review. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 23, No. 7-8, 901–918.
  • Northup, D.E. and Lavoie, K.H., 2001. Geomicrobiology of caves: a review. Geomicrobiology Journal, Vol. 18, No. 3, 199–222.
  • Poulson, T. L. and White, W. B. (1969). The cave environment. Science, Vol. 165, No. 3897, 971–981.
  • Riechelmann, D. F. C., Deininger, M., Scholz, D., Riechelmann, S., Schröder-Ritzrau, A., Spötl, C., Richter, D. K., Mangini, A. and Immenhauser, A. (2013). Disequilibrium carbon and oxygen isotope fractionation in recentcave calcite: Comparison of cave precipitates and model data. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 103, 232–244.
  • Sherwin, C. M. and Baldini, J. U. L. (2011). Cave air and hydrological controls on prior calcite precipitation and stalagmite growth rates: Implications for palaeoclimate reconstructions using speleothems. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol.75, No. 14, 3915–3929.
  • Smykatz-Kloss, W., 1974. Differential Thermal Analysis: Application and Results in Mineralogy. Springer, Berlin.
  • Talbot, M.R. and Kelts, K., 1990. Paleolimnological signatures from carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios in carbonates from organic carbonrich lacustrine sediments. In: Katz, B.J., Ed., Lacustrine Basin Exploration: Case Studies and Modern Analogs. Tulsa, Oklohama, USA: American Association Petroleum Geologist Memoir 50, pp. 88–112.
  • Tremaine, D.M., Froelich, P.N. and Wang, Y., 2011. Speleothem calcite farmed in situ: Modern calibration of 18O and 13C paleoclimate proxies in a continuously-monitored natural cave system. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 75, No. 17, 4929–4950.
  • Turrero, M.J., Garrolon, A., Gomez, P., Martin-Chivelet, J., Sanchez, L. and Ortega, A.I., 2009. Present-day calcite deposition in two caves of N Spain (Kaite and Cueva Mayor): Factors affecting calcitegrowth and fabric. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 73, Supplement A1356.
  • Vaks, A., Bar-Matthews, M., Ayalon, A., Schilman, B., Gilmour, M., Hawkesworth, C.J., Frumkin, A., Kaufman, A. snd Matthews, A., 2003. Paleoclimate reconstruction based on the timing of speleothem growth and oxygen and carbon isotope composition in a cave located in the rain shadow in Israel. Quaternary Research, Vol. 59, No. 2, 182–193.
  • Vaks, A., Bar-Matthews, M., Matthews, A., Ayalon, A. and Frumkin, A., 2010. Middle-Late Quaternary paleoclimate of northern margins of the Saharan-Arabian Desert: reconstruction from speleothems of Negev Desert, Israel. Quaternary Science Reviews, Vol. 29, No. 19-20, 2647–2662.
  • Van der Marel, H.W. and Beutelspacher, H., 1976. Atlas of Infrared Spectroscopy of Clay Minerals and Their Admixtures. Amsterdam, Netherland:Elsevier.
  • Verheyden, S., 2004. Trace elements in speleothems- A short review of the state of art. International Journal of Speleology, Vol. 33, No 1/4, 95–101.
  • Verheyden, S., Keppens, E., Fairchild, I.J., McDermott, F. and Weis, D., 2000. Mg, Sr and Sr isotope geochemistry of a Belgian Holocene speleothem: implications for paleoclimate reconstructions. Chemical Geology, Vol. 169, No. 1-2, 131–144.
  • Verheyden, S., Nader, F.H., Cheng, H.J., Edwards, L.A. and Swennen, R., 2008. Paleoclimate reconstruction in the Levant region from the geochemistry of a Holocene stalagmite from the Jeita cave, Lebanon. Quaternary Research, vol. 70, No. 3, 368-381.
  • Vuai, S.A.H., 2012. Geochemical Characteristics of Spaleotherm Formation in Caves from Zanzibar Island, Tanzania. 1:505. doi:10.4172/scientificreports.505.
  • Wassenburg, J.A., Immenhauser, A., Richter, D.K., Jochum, K.P., Fietzke, J., Deininger, M., Goos, M., Scholz, D. and Sabaoui, A., 2012. Climate and cave control on Pleistocene/Holocene calcite-to-aragonite transitions in speleothems from Morocco: Elemental and isotopic evidence. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, Vol. 92, 23–47.
  • Webb, T.L. and Krüger, J.E., 1970. Carbonates. In: MacKenzie, R.C., Ed., Differential Thermal Analysis Vol. 1 - Fundamental Aspects. Academic Press, London.
There are 48 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Muhsin Eren

Selahattin Kadir

Murat Akgöz This is me

Publication Date September 15, 2017
Published in Issue Year 2017

Cite

APA Eren, M., Kadir, S., & Akgöz, M. (2017). MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 1(2), 44-51. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.316859
AMA Eren M, Kadir S, Akgöz M. MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY. TUJE. September 2017;1(2):44-51. doi:10.31127/tuje.316859
Chicago Eren, Muhsin, Selahattin Kadir, and Murat Akgöz. “MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 1, no. 2 (September 2017): 44-51. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.316859.
EndNote Eren M, Kadir S, Akgöz M (September 1, 2017) MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY. Turkish Journal of Engineering 1 2 44–51.
IEEE M. Eren, S. Kadir, and M. Akgöz, “MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY”, TUJE, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 44–51, 2017, doi: 10.31127/tuje.316859.
ISNAD Eren, Muhsin et al. “MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 1/2 (September 2017), 44-51. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.316859.
JAMA Eren M, Kadir S, Akgöz M. MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY. TUJE. 2017;1:44–51.
MLA Eren, Muhsin et al. “MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY”. Turkish Journal of Engineering, vol. 1, no. 2, 2017, pp. 44-51, doi:10.31127/tuje.316859.
Vancouver Eren M, Kadir S, Akgöz M. MINERALOGICAL, GEOCHEMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CALCITE PRECIPITATED FROM A THIN COVER OF RECENT WATER TAKEN FROM THE STALAGMITES IN KÜPELI CAVE, ESENPINAR (ERDEMLI, MERSIN), SOUTHERN TURKEY. TUJE. 2017;1(2):44-51.
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