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Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 60 - 67, 01.04.2019
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.452921

Abstract

References

  • Abu Bakar, N. H., Jusoh, A., Ahmad, M. F., Noor, M. J. M. M., Norzilah, A. (2016). “ A Spatial nutrient distribution due to seabass aquaculture activities at Setiu, Terengganu, Malaysia.” Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Vol. 11, pp. 332-348.
  • Agoba, E. E., Adu, F., Agyare, C., Boamah, V. E. (2017). “Antibiotic use and practices in selected fish farms in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.” Journal of Infectious Diseases and Treatment, Vol. 3, pp. 1-6.
  • Aydın, H., Baltacı, M.A. (2017). “Türkiye’de alabalık üretiminin yaygınlaşmasında istanbul üniversitesi sapanca içsu ürünleri üretimi araştırma ve uygulama birimi’nin yeri.” Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 129-134.
  • Baba, E. (2017). “Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde bitkisel immunostimulant kullanımı.” Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 249-256.
  • Bengtsson-Palme, J., Larsson, D. G. J. (2015). “Antibiotic resistance genes in the environment: prioritizing risks.” Nature Reviews Microbiology, Vol. 13, p. 396.
  • Buschmann, A. H., Cabello, F., Young, K., Carvajal, J., Varela, D. A., Henriquez, L. (2009). “Salmon aquaculture and coastal ecosystem health in Chile: Analysis of regulations, environmental impacts and bioremediation systems.” Ocean and Coastal Management, Vol. 52, pp. 243-249.
  • Bureau, D. P., Gunther, S. J., Cho, C. Y. (2003). “Chemical composition and preliminary theoretical estimates of waste outputs of rainbow trout reared in commercial cage culture operations in Ontario.” North American Journal of Aquaculture, Vol. 65, pp. 33-38.
  • Caruso, G. (2016). “Antibiotic resistance in fish farming environments: a global concern.” Journal of Fisheries Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 9-13.
  • Cengizler, İ., Aytaç, N., Aldık, R. (2017). “Biocide use and its potential risks in aquaculture in Turkey.” Eastern Anatolian Journal of Science, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1-5.
  • Chen, C.Q., Zheng, L., Zhou, J.L., Zhao, H. (2017). “Persistence and risk of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes in major mariculture sites in Southeast China.” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 580, pp. 1175-1184.
  • Chen, H., Liu, S., Xu, X. R., Diao, Z. H., Sun, K. F., Hao, Q. W., Liu, S. S., Ying, G. G. (2018). “Tissue distribution, bioaccumulation characteristics and health risk ofantibiotics in cultured fish from a typical aquaculture area.” Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 343, pp. 140-148.
  • Coldebella, A., Gentelini, A. L., Piana, P. A., Codebella, P. F., Boscolo, W. R., Feiden, A. (2018). “Effluents from fish farming ponds: a view from the perspective of its main components.” Sustainability, Vol. 10, pp. 1-16.
  • Di Cesare, A., Luna, G.M., Vignaroli, C., Pasquaroli, S., Tota, S., Paroncini, P., Biavasco, F. (2013). “Aquaculture can promote the presence and spread of antibiotic-resistant Enterococci in marine sediments.” PLoS One, Vol. 8, pp. e62838.
  • Dolan, E., Murphy, N., O'Hehir, M. (2013). “Factors influencing optimal micro-screen drum filter selection for recirculating aquaculture systems.” Aquacultural Engineering, Vol. 56, pp. 42-50.
  • Elevancini, J. S. (2017). How do third-party certifications control the use of antibiotics in global salmon aquaculture?, PhD Thesis, Dalhousie University,
  • Halifax, Nova Scotia. Guo, J. H., Li, J., Chen, H., Bond, P. L., Yuan, Z. G. (2017). “Metagenomic analysis reveals wastewater treatment plants as hotspots of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements.” Water Research, Vol. 123, pp. 468-478.
  • Harnisz, M., Korzeniewska, E., Gołaś, I. (2015). “The impact of a freshwater fish farm on the community of tetracycline-resistant bacteria and the structure of tetracycline resistance genes in river water.” Chemosphere, Vol. 128, pp. 134-141.
  • Holmer, M. (2010). “Environmental issues of fish farming in offshore waters: perspectives, concerns and research needs.” Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol. 1, pp. 57-70.
  • Jakobsen, H. R., Skarra, H., Arvesen, M. P. (2017). Nordic Conference 2017-Aquaculture, Technical Report, Norway.
  • Karaman, S. (2006). “Hayvansal üretimden kaynaklanan çevre sorunları ve çözüm olanakları.” KSÜ Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 133-139.
  • Kayhan, M. H., Olmez, M. (2014). “Aquaculture and organic aquaculture in Turkey.” Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development, Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 1-5.
  • Kim, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Oh, J. E. (2017). “Human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in the marine environment including fish farms in Korea.” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 579, pp. 940-949.
  • Kim, Y. B., Jeon, J. H., Choi, S., Shin, J., Lee, Y., Kim, Y. M. (2018). “Use of a filtering process to remove solid waste and antibiotic resistance genes from effluent of a flow-through fish farm.” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 615, pp. 289-296.
  • Koca, S. B., Terzioğlu, S., Didinen, B. I., Yiğit, N. Ö. (2011). “Sürdürülebilir su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde çevre dostu üretim.” Ankara Üniversitesi Çevrebilimleri Dergisi, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 107-113.
  • Kumar, V., Roy, S. (2017). “Aquaculture drugs: sources, active ingredients, pharmaceutic preparations and methods of administration.” Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, Vol. 8, No. 9, pp. 1-13.
  • Li, S., Shi, W., Liu, W., Li, H., Zhang, W., Hu, J., Ke, Y., Sun, W., Ni, J. (2018). “A duodecennial national synthesis of antibiotics in China's major rivers and seas (2005-2016).” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 615, pp. 906-917.
  • Luo, Y., Mao, D., Rysz, M., Zhou, Q., Zhang, H., Xu, L., Alvarez P. J. J. (2010). “Trends in antibiotic resistance genes occurrence in the Haihe River, China.” Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 44, pp. 7220-7225.
  • Mancuso, M. (2015). “Effects of fish farming on marine environment.” Journal of Fisheries Sciences, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 89-90.
  • Martinez, J. L., Coque, T. M., Baquero, F. (2015). “What is a resistance gene? Ranking risk in resistomes.” Nature Reviews Microbiology, Vol. 13, pp. 116-123.
  • Meador, J. P., Yeh, A., Young, G., Gallagher, E. P. (2016). “Contaminants of emerging concern in a large temperate estuary.” Environmental Pollution, Vol. 213, pp. 254-267.
  • Miranda, C. D., Godoy, F. A., Lee, M. R. (2018). “Current status of the use of antibiotics and the antimicrobial resistance in the chilean salmon farms.” Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 9, 1-14.
  • Mirzoyan, N., Tal, Y., Gross, A. (2010). “Anaerobic digestion of sludge from intensive recirculating aquaculture systems: review.” Aquaculture, Vol. 306, pp. 1-6.
  • Mishra, S. S., Das, R., Choudhary, P., Debbarma, J., Sahoo, S. N., Swain, P., Rathore, R., Giri, B. S. (2017). “Prevalence of fish and shrimp diseases and use of various drugs and chemicals in ındian aquaculture for disease management.” Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development, Vol. 2017, No. 6, pp. 1-16.
  • Neary, E. T., Develi, N., Yüksel, S. A. (2008). “Su ürünleri yetistiriciliginde kullanılan aşılar.” GOÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 29-35.
  • Opiyo, M. A., Marijani, E., Muendo, P., Odede, R., Leschen, W., Charo-Karisa, H. (2018). “A review of aquaculture production and health management practices of farmed fish in Kenya.” International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine, (article in press).
  • Orçun, E., Sunlu, U. (2007). “Sığacık (Seferihisar-İzmir) Bölgesi Ağ Kafeslerde Yapılan Balık Yetiştiriciliğinin Sucul Ortama Olan Etkilerinin Araştırılması.” E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, Vol. 24, No. 1-2, pp. 1-9.
  • Özdal, B., Pulatsü, S. (2012). “Ağ kafeslerde sürdürülebilir balık yetiştiriciliği için bir bilgisayar yazılımının kullanımı.” Ankara Universitesi Cevrebilimleri Dergisi, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 15-26.
  • Rahman, Md. Z., Khatun, A., Kholil, Md. I., Hossain, Md. M. M. (2017). “Aqua drugs and chemicals used in fish farms of Comilla regions.” Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, Vol. 5, No. 6, pp. 2462-2473.
  • Rein, A., Wu, Y., Yemelyanova, M. (2015). Phosphorus Project: Sea Breeze, IV. Project Report, Denmark.
  • Schumann, M., Unger, J., Brinker, A. (2017). “Floating faeces: effects on solid removal and particle size distribution in RAS.” Aquacultural Engineering, Vol. 78, pp. 75-84.
  • Scott, W. C. C., Du, B., Haddad, S. P., Breed, C. S., Saari, G. N., Kelly, M., Broach, L., Chambliss, C. K., Brooks, B. W. (2015). “Predicted and observed therapeutic dose exceedences of ionizable pharmaceuticals in fish plasma from urban coastal systems.” Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 983-995.
  • Topçu, A., Pulatsü, S., Kaya, D. (2017). “Almus baraj gölü (Tokat)’nde kafeslerde gökkuşağı alabalığı yetiştiriciliğinin sedimentten fosfor salınımına etkisi.” Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 295-302.
  • Türk, E. (2015). Muğla bölgesindeki balık çiftlikleri çevresinden avlanan balıklarda tetrsiklin aranması, Doktora Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya, Türkiye.
  • Tran, N. H., Chen, H. J., Reinhard, M., Mao, F., Gin, K. Y. H. (2016). “Occurrence and removal of multiple classes of antibiotics and antimicrobial agents in biological wastewater treatment processes.” Water Research, Vol. 104, pp. 461-472.
  • Türk, E., Oğuz, H. (2013). “Kültür balıkçılığında ilaç kullanımı ve halk sağlığı açısından önemi.” Bornova Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, Vol. 35, No. 49, pp. 35-43.
  • Uma, A., Rebecca, G. (2018). “Antibiotic resistance in bacterial isolates from commercial probiotics used in aquaculture.” International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1737-1743.
  • URL-1, Ağ Kafeslerde Balık Yetiştiriciliğinin Su Kalitesine Etkisi, https://acikders.ankara.edu.tr [Accessed 26 July 2018].
  • Van Boeckel, T. P., Brower, C., Gilbert, M., Grenfell, B. T., Levin, S. A., Robinson, T. P., Teillant, A., Laxminarayan, R. (2015). “Global trends in antimicrobial use in food animals.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Vol. 112, No. 8, pp. 5649-5654.
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ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS

Year 2019, Volume: 3 Issue: 2, 60 - 67, 01.04.2019
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.452921

Abstract

Today, fish farming creates significant impacts on water resources and food chain from a global perspective, as compared to those of the other agricultural activities. Some methods and chemicals heavily using production and consumption periods in fish farming are related to the environmental damages. Chemicals have a common usage in both the world and our country to protect the products from the negative effects of diseases. They are also imposed to increase the production. As Turkey has significant potential in fish farming in comparison to many other countries in the world, there is a wide use of antibiotics in production. This research examines the use of antibiotics in fish farming to shed light on the effects of chemicals on the production and human health.

References

  • Abu Bakar, N. H., Jusoh, A., Ahmad, M. F., Noor, M. J. M. M., Norzilah, A. (2016). “ A Spatial nutrient distribution due to seabass aquaculture activities at Setiu, Terengganu, Malaysia.” Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Vol. 11, pp. 332-348.
  • Agoba, E. E., Adu, F., Agyare, C., Boamah, V. E. (2017). “Antibiotic use and practices in selected fish farms in the Ashanti Region of Ghana.” Journal of Infectious Diseases and Treatment, Vol. 3, pp. 1-6.
  • Aydın, H., Baltacı, M.A. (2017). “Türkiye’de alabalık üretiminin yaygınlaşmasında istanbul üniversitesi sapanca içsu ürünleri üretimi araştırma ve uygulama birimi’nin yeri.” Turkish Journal of Aquatic Sciences, Vol. 32, No. 3, pp. 129-134.
  • Baba, E. (2017). “Su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde bitkisel immunostimulant kullanımı.” Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Vol. 7, No. 3, pp. 249-256.
  • Bengtsson-Palme, J., Larsson, D. G. J. (2015). “Antibiotic resistance genes in the environment: prioritizing risks.” Nature Reviews Microbiology, Vol. 13, p. 396.
  • Buschmann, A. H., Cabello, F., Young, K., Carvajal, J., Varela, D. A., Henriquez, L. (2009). “Salmon aquaculture and coastal ecosystem health in Chile: Analysis of regulations, environmental impacts and bioremediation systems.” Ocean and Coastal Management, Vol. 52, pp. 243-249.
  • Bureau, D. P., Gunther, S. J., Cho, C. Y. (2003). “Chemical composition and preliminary theoretical estimates of waste outputs of rainbow trout reared in commercial cage culture operations in Ontario.” North American Journal of Aquaculture, Vol. 65, pp. 33-38.
  • Caruso, G. (2016). “Antibiotic resistance in fish farming environments: a global concern.” Journal of Fisheries Sciences, Vol. 10, No. 4, pp. 9-13.
  • Cengizler, İ., Aytaç, N., Aldık, R. (2017). “Biocide use and its potential risks in aquaculture in Turkey.” Eastern Anatolian Journal of Science, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 1-5.
  • Chen, C.Q., Zheng, L., Zhou, J.L., Zhao, H. (2017). “Persistence and risk of antibiotic residues and antibiotic resistance genes in major mariculture sites in Southeast China.” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 580, pp. 1175-1184.
  • Chen, H., Liu, S., Xu, X. R., Diao, Z. H., Sun, K. F., Hao, Q. W., Liu, S. S., Ying, G. G. (2018). “Tissue distribution, bioaccumulation characteristics and health risk ofantibiotics in cultured fish from a typical aquaculture area.” Journal of Hazardous Materials, Vol. 343, pp. 140-148.
  • Coldebella, A., Gentelini, A. L., Piana, P. A., Codebella, P. F., Boscolo, W. R., Feiden, A. (2018). “Effluents from fish farming ponds: a view from the perspective of its main components.” Sustainability, Vol. 10, pp. 1-16.
  • Di Cesare, A., Luna, G.M., Vignaroli, C., Pasquaroli, S., Tota, S., Paroncini, P., Biavasco, F. (2013). “Aquaculture can promote the presence and spread of antibiotic-resistant Enterococci in marine sediments.” PLoS One, Vol. 8, pp. e62838.
  • Dolan, E., Murphy, N., O'Hehir, M. (2013). “Factors influencing optimal micro-screen drum filter selection for recirculating aquaculture systems.” Aquacultural Engineering, Vol. 56, pp. 42-50.
  • Elevancini, J. S. (2017). How do third-party certifications control the use of antibiotics in global salmon aquaculture?, PhD Thesis, Dalhousie University,
  • Halifax, Nova Scotia. Guo, J. H., Li, J., Chen, H., Bond, P. L., Yuan, Z. G. (2017). “Metagenomic analysis reveals wastewater treatment plants as hotspots of antibiotic resistance genes and mobile genetic elements.” Water Research, Vol. 123, pp. 468-478.
  • Harnisz, M., Korzeniewska, E., Gołaś, I. (2015). “The impact of a freshwater fish farm on the community of tetracycline-resistant bacteria and the structure of tetracycline resistance genes in river water.” Chemosphere, Vol. 128, pp. 134-141.
  • Holmer, M. (2010). “Environmental issues of fish farming in offshore waters: perspectives, concerns and research needs.” Aquaculture Environment Interactions, Vol. 1, pp. 57-70.
  • Jakobsen, H. R., Skarra, H., Arvesen, M. P. (2017). Nordic Conference 2017-Aquaculture, Technical Report, Norway.
  • Karaman, S. (2006). “Hayvansal üretimden kaynaklanan çevre sorunları ve çözüm olanakları.” KSÜ Fen ve Mühendislik Dergisi, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 133-139.
  • Kayhan, M. H., Olmez, M. (2014). “Aquaculture and organic aquaculture in Turkey.” Journal of Aquaculture Research & Development, Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 1-5.
  • Kim, H. Y., Lee, I. S., Oh, J. E. (2017). “Human and veterinary pharmaceuticals in the marine environment including fish farms in Korea.” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 579, pp. 940-949.
  • Kim, Y. B., Jeon, J. H., Choi, S., Shin, J., Lee, Y., Kim, Y. M. (2018). “Use of a filtering process to remove solid waste and antibiotic resistance genes from effluent of a flow-through fish farm.” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 615, pp. 289-296.
  • Koca, S. B., Terzioğlu, S., Didinen, B. I., Yiğit, N. Ö. (2011). “Sürdürülebilir su ürünleri yetiştiriciliğinde çevre dostu üretim.” Ankara Üniversitesi Çevrebilimleri Dergisi, Vol. 3, No. 1, pp. 107-113.
  • Kumar, V., Roy, S. (2017). “Aquaculture drugs: sources, active ingredients, pharmaceutic preparations and methods of administration.” Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, Vol. 8, No. 9, pp. 1-13.
  • Li, S., Shi, W., Liu, W., Li, H., Zhang, W., Hu, J., Ke, Y., Sun, W., Ni, J. (2018). “A duodecennial national synthesis of antibiotics in China's major rivers and seas (2005-2016).” Science of the Total Environment, Vol. 615, pp. 906-917.
  • Luo, Y., Mao, D., Rysz, M., Zhou, Q., Zhang, H., Xu, L., Alvarez P. J. J. (2010). “Trends in antibiotic resistance genes occurrence in the Haihe River, China.” Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 44, pp. 7220-7225.
  • Mancuso, M. (2015). “Effects of fish farming on marine environment.” Journal of Fisheries Sciences, Vol. 9, No. 3, pp. 89-90.
  • Martinez, J. L., Coque, T. M., Baquero, F. (2015). “What is a resistance gene? Ranking risk in resistomes.” Nature Reviews Microbiology, Vol. 13, pp. 116-123.
  • Meador, J. P., Yeh, A., Young, G., Gallagher, E. P. (2016). “Contaminants of emerging concern in a large temperate estuary.” Environmental Pollution, Vol. 213, pp. 254-267.
  • Miranda, C. D., Godoy, F. A., Lee, M. R. (2018). “Current status of the use of antibiotics and the antimicrobial resistance in the chilean salmon farms.” Frontiers in Microbiology, Vol. 9, 1-14.
  • Mirzoyan, N., Tal, Y., Gross, A. (2010). “Anaerobic digestion of sludge from intensive recirculating aquaculture systems: review.” Aquaculture, Vol. 306, pp. 1-6.
  • Mishra, S. S., Das, R., Choudhary, P., Debbarma, J., Sahoo, S. N., Swain, P., Rathore, R., Giri, B. S. (2017). “Prevalence of fish and shrimp diseases and use of various drugs and chemicals in ındian aquaculture for disease management.” Journal of Fisheries and Aquaculture Development, Vol. 2017, No. 6, pp. 1-16.
  • Neary, E. T., Develi, N., Yüksel, S. A. (2008). “Su ürünleri yetistiriciliginde kullanılan aşılar.” GOÜ Ziraat Fakültesi Dergisi, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 29-35.
  • Opiyo, M. A., Marijani, E., Muendo, P., Odede, R., Leschen, W., Charo-Karisa, H. (2018). “A review of aquaculture production and health management practices of farmed fish in Kenya.” International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine, (article in press).
  • Orçun, E., Sunlu, U. (2007). “Sığacık (Seferihisar-İzmir) Bölgesi Ağ Kafeslerde Yapılan Balık Yetiştiriciliğinin Sucul Ortama Olan Etkilerinin Araştırılması.” E.Ü. Su Ürünleri Dergisi, Vol. 24, No. 1-2, pp. 1-9.
  • Özdal, B., Pulatsü, S. (2012). “Ağ kafeslerde sürdürülebilir balık yetiştiriciliği için bir bilgisayar yazılımının kullanımı.” Ankara Universitesi Cevrebilimleri Dergisi, Vol. 4, No. 1, pp. 15-26.
  • Rahman, Md. Z., Khatun, A., Kholil, Md. I., Hossain, Md. M. M. (2017). “Aqua drugs and chemicals used in fish farms of Comilla regions.” Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies, Vol. 5, No. 6, pp. 2462-2473.
  • Rein, A., Wu, Y., Yemelyanova, M. (2015). Phosphorus Project: Sea Breeze, IV. Project Report, Denmark.
  • Schumann, M., Unger, J., Brinker, A. (2017). “Floating faeces: effects on solid removal and particle size distribution in RAS.” Aquacultural Engineering, Vol. 78, pp. 75-84.
  • Scott, W. C. C., Du, B., Haddad, S. P., Breed, C. S., Saari, G. N., Kelly, M., Broach, L., Chambliss, C. K., Brooks, B. W. (2015). “Predicted and observed therapeutic dose exceedences of ionizable pharmaceuticals in fish plasma from urban coastal systems.” Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 983-995.
  • Topçu, A., Pulatsü, S., Kaya, D. (2017). “Almus baraj gölü (Tokat)’nde kafeslerde gökkuşağı alabalığı yetiştiriciliğinin sedimentten fosfor salınımına etkisi.” Iğdır Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, Vol. 7, No. 2, pp. 295-302.
  • Türk, E. (2015). Muğla bölgesindeki balık çiftlikleri çevresinden avlanan balıklarda tetrsiklin aranması, Doktora Tezi, Selçuk Üniversitesi, Konya, Türkiye.
  • Tran, N. H., Chen, H. J., Reinhard, M., Mao, F., Gin, K. Y. H. (2016). “Occurrence and removal of multiple classes of antibiotics and antimicrobial agents in biological wastewater treatment processes.” Water Research, Vol. 104, pp. 461-472.
  • Türk, E., Oğuz, H. (2013). “Kültür balıkçılığında ilaç kullanımı ve halk sağlığı açısından önemi.” Bornova Veteriner Bilimleri Dergisi, Vol. 35, No. 49, pp. 35-43.
  • Uma, A., Rebecca, G. (2018). “Antibiotic resistance in bacterial isolates from commercial probiotics used in aquaculture.” International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, Vol. 7, No. 1, pp. 1737-1743.
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There are 58 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Tolga Bahadır 0000-0001-9647-0338

Hakan Çelebi 0000-0002-7726-128X

İsmail Şimşek 0000-0003-1950-5159

Şevket Tulun 0000-0002-0570-7617

Publication Date April 1, 2019
Published in Issue Year 2019 Volume: 3 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Bahadır, T., Çelebi, H., Şimşek, İ., Tulun, Ş. (2019). ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 3(2), 60-67. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.452921
AMA Bahadır T, Çelebi H, Şimşek İ, Tulun Ş. ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. TUJE. April 2019;3(2):60-67. doi:10.31127/tuje.452921
Chicago Bahadır, Tolga, Hakan Çelebi, İsmail Şimşek, and Şevket Tulun. “ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 3, no. 2 (April 2019): 60-67. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.452921.
EndNote Bahadır T, Çelebi H, Şimşek İ, Tulun Ş (April 1, 2019) ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. Turkish Journal of Engineering 3 2 60–67.
IEEE T. Bahadır, H. Çelebi, İ. Şimşek, and Ş. Tulun, “ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS”, TUJE, vol. 3, no. 2, pp. 60–67, 2019, doi: 10.31127/tuje.452921.
ISNAD Bahadır, Tolga et al. “ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 3/2 (April 2019), 60-67. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.452921.
JAMA Bahadır T, Çelebi H, Şimşek İ, Tulun Ş. ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. TUJE. 2019;3:60–67.
MLA Bahadır, Tolga et al. “ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS”. Turkish Journal of Engineering, vol. 3, no. 2, 2019, pp. 60-67, doi:10.31127/tuje.452921.
Vancouver Bahadır T, Çelebi H, Şimşek İ, Tulun Ş. ANTIBIOTIC APPLICATIONS IN FISH FARMS AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS. TUJE. 2019;3(2):60-7.

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