Review
BibTex RIS Cite
Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 338 - 348, 05.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1118896

Abstract

References

  • Jefferis, S., Troughton, V., & Lam, C. (2011). Polymer systems for fluid supported excavations. In: Proceedings of 2nd Conference on Geotechnical Issues in Construction, London, CIRIA Report X513, 7–12.
  • FPS (Federation of Piling Specialists). (2006). Bentonite Support Fluids in Civil Engineering. 2nd Edn. Federation of Piling Specialists, Kent, U.K.
  • Veder, C. (1953). Method for the construction of impermeable diaphragms at great depth by means of thixotropic muds. (in French). In: Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 91–94.
  • Lam, C., Jefferis, S. A., & Martin, C. M. (2014). Effects of polymer and bentonite support fluids on concrete–sand interface shear strength. Géotechnique, 64(1), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.13.p.012
  • Lam, C. (2011). Properties and Applications of Polymer Support Fluids in Geotechnical Engineering. DPhil Thesis, University of Oxford, UK.
  • Lam, C., Jefferis, S. A., Suckling, T. P., & Troughton, V. M. (2015). Effects of polymer and bentonite support fluids on the performance of bored piles. Soils and Foundations, 55(6), 1487–1500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2015.10.013
  • Lennon, D. J., Ritchie, D., Parry, G. O., & Suckling, T. P. (2006). Piling projects constructed with vinyl polymer support fluid in Glasgow, Scotland”, Proc., 10th International Conference on Piling and Deep Foundations, Deep Foundations Institute, Hawthorne, NJ., 499–506.
  • Schünmann, D. (2004). Fisherman's friend. Ground Engineering, 37(12), 17.
  • Jefferis, S. A., & Lam, C. (2013). Polymer support fluids: use and misuse of innovative fluids in geotechnical works. In: Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Paris, 3219–3222.
  • Fleming, K., Weltman, A., Randolph, M., & Elson, K. (2009). Piling Engineering. 3rd Ed., Taylor & Francis, Abingdon, UK.
  • Veder, C. (1963). The excavation of trenches in the presence of bentonite suspensions for the construction of impermeable and load bearing diaphragms. In: Proceedings of Grouts and Drilling Muds in Engineering Practice, Symposium of the British National Society on Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering. Institution of Civil Engineers, London, 181-188.
  • Xanthakos, P. P. (1979). Slurry Waifs. McGraw Hill Publishers, London.
  • Hajnai, I., Marton, J., & Regele, Z. (1984). Construction of Diaphragm Walls. John Wiley & Sons, USA.
  • Wheeler, P. (2003). Piles unlock polymer potential. Ground Engineering, 36, 8–9.
  • Kelessidis, V. C., Zografou, M., & Chatzistamou, V. (2013). Optimization of drilling fluid rheological and fluid loss properties utilizing PHPA polymer. In: Proceedings of SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, Society of Petroleum Engineers, TX, 1–9.
  • Lin, L., & Luo, P. (2014). Amphoteric hydrolyzed poly (acrylamide/dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) as a filtration reducer under high temperatures and high salinities. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 132(10), n/a–n/a. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41581
  • Lin, L., & Luo, P. (2018). Effect of polyampholyte-bentonite interactions on the properties of saltwater mud. Applied Clay Science, 163, 10–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2018.07.012
  • Li, M.-C., Wu, Q., Song, K., Qing, Y., & Wu, Y. (2015). Cellulose nanoparticles as modifiers for rheology and fluid loss in bentonite water-based fluids. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 7(8), 5006–5016. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b00498
  • Dias, F. T. G., Souza, R. R., & Lucas, E. F. (2015). Influence of modified starches composition on their performance as fluid loss additives in invert-emulsion drilling fluids. Fuel, 140, 711–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.09.074
  • Darson-Balleur, S., Harnan, C., Admiraal, B., et al. (2019). Guide to Support Fluids to Deep Foundations. Joint EFFC/DFI Support Fluid Task Group.
  • Day, S. (1999). Geotechnical techniques for the construction of reactive barriers.” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 67(3), 285–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(99)00044-8
  • Kadaster, A. G., Guild, G. J., Hanni, G. L., & Schmidt, D. D. (1992). Field applications of PHPA muds. SPE Drilling Engineering, 7(03), 191–199. https://doi.org/10.2118/19531-pa
  • Kelessidis, V. C., Tsamantaki, C., Michalakis, A., Christidis, G. E., Makri, P., Papanicolaou, K., & Foscolos, A. (2007). Greek lignites as additives for controlling filtration properties of water–bentonite suspensions at high temperatures. Fuel, 86(7-8), 1112–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2006.10.009
  • Lam, C., Martin, P. J., & Jefferis, S. A. (2015). Rheological properties of PHPA polymer support fluids. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 27(11), 04015021. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0001252
  • O’Neill, M. W., & Reese, L. C. (1999). Drilled Shafts: Construction Procedures and Design Methods. Publ. No. FHWA-IF-99-025, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C.
  • Lam, C., & Jefferis, S. A. (2016). Performance of bored piles constructed using polymer fluids: lessons from european experience. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 30(2), 04015024. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000756
  • Dugan, G. (2013). Drilling Fluids: Choose Bentonite or Synthetic Slurry as the Job Demands. https://www.nationaldriller.com/articles/88767-drilling-fluids-choose-bentonite-or-synthetic-slurry-as-the-job-demands.
  • Nash, K. L. (1974). Stability of trenches filled with fluids. Journal of the Construction Division, 100(4), 533–542. https://doi.org/10.1061/jcceaz.0000456
  • Majano, R. E., O’Neill, M. W., & Hassan, K. M. (1994). Perimeter load transfer in model drilled shafts formed under slurry. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 120(12), 2136–2154. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1994)120:12(2136)
  • Lam, C., Jefferis, S. A., & Goodhue, Jr., K. G. (2010). Observations on viscosity reduction of PHPA polymer support fluids. Deep Foundations and Geotechnical in Situ Testing. https://doi.org/10.1061/41106(379)23
  • Lam, C., & Jefferis, S. A. (2014). Interpretation of viscometer test results for polymer support fluids. Tunneling and Underground Construction. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413449.043
  • Santagata, M., Dalmazzo, D., & Santagata, E. (2008). Deformation behavior of clay-water suspensions from rheological tests. In: Proceedings of 4th International Symposium on Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials, Vol. 1, IOS Press, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 453–459.
  • Speers, R. A., Holme, K. R., Tung, M. A., & Williamson, W. T. (1987). Drilling fluid shear stress overshoot behavior. Rheologica Acta, 26(5), 447–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01333845
  • Alderman, N. J., Meeten, G. H., & Sherwood, J. D. (1991). Vane rheometry of bentonite gels. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 39(3), 291–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0257(91)80019-g
  • Lesemann, H., & Vogt, N. (2012). Investigations into hydraulic support using polymeric solutions (in German). Geotechnik, 35(1), 11–21.
  • Majano, R. E., & O’Neill, M. W. (1993). Effect of mineral and polymer slurries on perimeter load transfer in drilled shafts. Rep. No. UHCE-93-1, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Houston, Houston.
  • Lam, C., Jefferis, S. A., & Suckling, T. P. (2014c). Construction techniques for bored piling in sand using polymer fluids. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Geotechnical Engineering, 167(6), 565–573. https://doi.org/10.1680/geng.13.00128
  • McKinley, G. H. (2002). Steady and transient motion of spherical particles in viscoelastic liquids. In: Transport Processes in Bubbles, Drops, and Particles. Kee, D.De., and Chhabra, R.P. (Eds), Taylor & Francis, New York, 338–375.
  • Mohamed, N. A. (1994). Novel wholly aromatic polyamide-hydrazides. Part V: Structure-molecular-weight-thermal-stability relationships. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 44(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(94)90029-9
  • Kim, S. I., Ree, M., Shin, T. J., & Jung, J. C. (1999). Synthesis of new aromatic polyimides with various side chains containing a biphenyl mesogen unit and their abilities to control liquid‐crystal alignments on the rubbed surface. Journal of Polymer Science. Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 37, 2909–2921. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(19990801)37:15<2909::aid-pola24>3.0.co;2-b
  • Ahmad, H. M., Kamal, M. S., & Al-Harthi, M. A. (2018). High molecular weight copolymers as rheology modifier and fluid loss additive for water-based drilling fluids. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 252, 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.12.135
  • Chu, Q., & Lin, L. (2019). Effect of molecular flexibility on the rheological and filtration properties of synthetic polymers used as fluid loss additives in water-based drilling fluid. RSC Advances, 9(15), 8608–8619. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra00038k
  • Chen, T.-A., Jen, A. K.-Y., & Cai, Y. (1995). Facile approach to nonlinear optical side-chain aromatic polyimides with large second-order nonlinearity and thermal stability. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 117(27), 7295–7296. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00132a050
  • Liaw, D.-J., Chang, F.-C., Leung, M., Chou, M.-Y., & Muellen, K. (2005). High thermal stability and rigid rod of novel organo soluble polyimides and polyamides based on bulky and noncoplanar naphthalene−biphenyldiamine. Macromolecules, 38(9), 4024–4029. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma048559x
  • Varganici, C.-D., Rosu, D., Barbu-Mic, C., Rosu, L., Popovici, D., Hulubei, C., & Simionescu, B. C. (2015). On the thermal stability of some aromatic-aliphatic polyimides. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 113, 390–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2015.02.031
  • Gu, Y., Sun, Z., Gong, S., Zhang, H., Gong, Q., Liu, L., & Wang, Y. (2015). Synthesis and characterization of soluble and thermally stable triphenylpyridine-containing aromatic polyimides. Journal of Materials Science, 50(20), 6552–6558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9186-7
  • Cao, J., Meng, L., Yang, Y., Zhu, Y., Wang, X., Yao, C. Y., Sun, M. B., & Zhong, H. (2017). Novel acrylamide/2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid/4-vinylpyridine terpolymer as an anti-calcium contamination fluid-loss additive for water-based drilling fluids. Energy & Fuels, 31(11), 11963–11970. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b02354
  • Plank, J., Brandl, A., & Lummer, N. R. (2007). Effect of different anchor groups on adsorption behavior and effectiveness of poly (N, N-dimethylacrylamide-co-Ca 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate) as cement fluid loss additive in presence of acetone-formaldehyde-sulfite dispersant. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 106(6), 3889–3894. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.26897
  • Likos, W. J., Akunuri, K., & Loehr, J. E. (2005). Performance of PHPA Polymer slurries for applications in Missouri shale. In: Proceedings of Sessions of the Geo-Frontiers 2005 Congress, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 132, ASCE, Reston, VA., 665–676.
  • Inyang, H. I., Bae, S., Mbamalu, G., & Park, S.-W. (2007). Aqueous polymer effects on volumetric swelling of Na-montmorillonite. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 19(1), 84–90. doi:10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2007)19:1(84)
  • Brown D., & Axtell, P. J. (2010). Design and Construction Challenges at the kcICON Bridge. Deep Foundation, 73–76.
  • Chaney, R., Demars, K., Ata, A., & O’Neill, M. (2000). The physiochemical interaction between PHPA polymer slurry and cement mortar. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 23(2), 225–235. https://doi.org/10.1520/gtj11047j
  • Lam, C., Troughton, V., Jefferis, S., & Suckling, T. (2010b). Effect of Support Fluids on Pile Performance – A Field Trial in East London. Ground Engineering, 43(10), 28–31.
  • Lam, C., Martin, P. J., Jefferis, S. A., & Goodhue, K. G. (2014b). Determination of residual concentration of active polymer in a polymeric support fluid. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 37(1), 20130019. https://doi.org/10.1520/gtj20130019
  • KB Technologies. (2002). A Slurry and Earth Stabilization System for the New Millennium: A Technical Discussion and Historical Overview. Trade Literature, KB Technologies, Chattanooga, Tenn.
  • Quan, H., Li, H., Huang, Z., Zhang, T., & Dai, S. (2014). Copolymer SJ-1 as a fluid loss additive for drilling fluid with high content of salt and calcium. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2014, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/201301
  • Wu, Y.-M., Zhang, B.-Q., Wu, T., & Zhang, C.-G. (2001). Properties of the forpolymer of N -vinylpyrrolidone with itaconic acid, acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid as a fluid-loss reducer for drilling fluid at high temperatures. Colloid & Polymer Science, 279(9), 836–842. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003960100494
  • Falode, O. A., Ehinola, O. A., & Nebeife, P. C. (2008). “Evaluation of local bentonitic clay as oil well drilling fluids in Nigeria. Applied Clay Science, 39(1-2), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2007.04.011
  • Lam, C., & Jefferis, S. A. (2020). Effect of sorption on the active concentration of polymer support fluids. Géotechnique Letters, 11, 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgele.20.00062
  • Taylor, K. C., & Nasr-El-Din, H. A. (1994). Acrylamide copolymers: A review of methods for the determination of concentration and degree of hydrolysis. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 12(1), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-4105(94)90003-5
  • Bae, S., & Inyang, H. I. (2006). Confirmation of aqueous polymer sorption on contaminant barrier clay using TGA. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 18(2), 307–310. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2006)18:2(307)
  • Jefferis, S., & Lam, C. (2017). Using density to determine the solids content of construction slurries. In: Proceedings of International Conference Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Seoul, 1695-1698.
  • Larson, R. G., & Desai, P. S. (2015). Modeling the rheology of polymer melts and solutions. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 47(1), 47–65. doi:10.1146/annurev-fluid-010814-014612
  • Schwarz, J., & Lange, U. (2004). Brückengründung mit 70 m tiefen flüssigkeitsgestützten gebohrten Pfählen in Benin/Afrika. (in German). In: Proceedings of 19th Christian Veder Kolloquium, Graz, Austria, 73–89.

Bentonite and polymeric support fluids used for stabilization in excavations

Year 2023, Volume: 7 Issue: 4, 338 - 348, 05.10.2023
https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1118896

Abstract

Bentonite is a natural and finite mineral resource. Dilute suspensions of sodium montmorillonite clay in water represents bentonite slurries. Suspension and orientation of colloidal clay particles define rheological properties in bentonite slurry (BS). The BS has been used about seventy years to temporarily support the excavations. More recently, polymer support fluids (PSF) gained much popularity and are widely used compared to bentonite support fluids. The PSF are categorized into natural (pure) and synthetic polymers. Physico-chemical properties of PSF are different than BS irrespective of the quite similarity in the mode of action. Synthetic polymer fluids are molecularly engineered fluids that can be a popular alternative of conventional BS deployed as excavation support fluids in different foundation applications such as diaphragm wall panels and pile bores. The synthetically engineered fluids of polymers (water-soluble) are different from conventional BS. The PSF offer additional benefits because their use is cost effective, eco-friendly, and these polymers need smaller site footprint as well as easy preparation, mixing, handling, management and ultimately the final disposal. Nevertheless, synthetic polymers have advantage over bentonite, however, foundation engineers and scientists have also certain concerns about their use because of their performance related issues. For an efficient use of polymers, specific properties and in situ behavior of polymers as well as their sorption onto the soils must be recognized because the polymer concentration in the solution is decreased with time during their use. The present manuscript reviewed the relative performance of excavation support fluids and displayed an arranged marriage of physicochemical and rhelogical properties of natural and synthetic excavation support fluids used in the foundation industry. This information will be highly useful to scientific community for their future ventures and will lay a foundation to understand the mechanisms of stabilization in open and deep excavations.

References

  • Jefferis, S., Troughton, V., & Lam, C. (2011). Polymer systems for fluid supported excavations. In: Proceedings of 2nd Conference on Geotechnical Issues in Construction, London, CIRIA Report X513, 7–12.
  • FPS (Federation of Piling Specialists). (2006). Bentonite Support Fluids in Civil Engineering. 2nd Edn. Federation of Piling Specialists, Kent, U.K.
  • Veder, C. (1953). Method for the construction of impermeable diaphragms at great depth by means of thixotropic muds. (in French). In: Proceedings of 3rd International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering, 91–94.
  • Lam, C., Jefferis, S. A., & Martin, C. M. (2014). Effects of polymer and bentonite support fluids on concrete–sand interface shear strength. Géotechnique, 64(1), 28–39. https://doi.org/10.1680/geot.13.p.012
  • Lam, C. (2011). Properties and Applications of Polymer Support Fluids in Geotechnical Engineering. DPhil Thesis, University of Oxford, UK.
  • Lam, C., Jefferis, S. A., Suckling, T. P., & Troughton, V. M. (2015). Effects of polymer and bentonite support fluids on the performance of bored piles. Soils and Foundations, 55(6), 1487–1500. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sandf.2015.10.013
  • Lennon, D. J., Ritchie, D., Parry, G. O., & Suckling, T. P. (2006). Piling projects constructed with vinyl polymer support fluid in Glasgow, Scotland”, Proc., 10th International Conference on Piling and Deep Foundations, Deep Foundations Institute, Hawthorne, NJ., 499–506.
  • Schünmann, D. (2004). Fisherman's friend. Ground Engineering, 37(12), 17.
  • Jefferis, S. A., & Lam, C. (2013). Polymer support fluids: use and misuse of innovative fluids in geotechnical works. In: Proceedings of 18th International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Paris, 3219–3222.
  • Fleming, K., Weltman, A., Randolph, M., & Elson, K. (2009). Piling Engineering. 3rd Ed., Taylor & Francis, Abingdon, UK.
  • Veder, C. (1963). The excavation of trenches in the presence of bentonite suspensions for the construction of impermeable and load bearing diaphragms. In: Proceedings of Grouts and Drilling Muds in Engineering Practice, Symposium of the British National Society on Soil Mechanics and Foundations Engineering. Institution of Civil Engineers, London, 181-188.
  • Xanthakos, P. P. (1979). Slurry Waifs. McGraw Hill Publishers, London.
  • Hajnai, I., Marton, J., & Regele, Z. (1984). Construction of Diaphragm Walls. John Wiley & Sons, USA.
  • Wheeler, P. (2003). Piles unlock polymer potential. Ground Engineering, 36, 8–9.
  • Kelessidis, V. C., Zografou, M., & Chatzistamou, V. (2013). Optimization of drilling fluid rheological and fluid loss properties utilizing PHPA polymer. In: Proceedings of SPE Middle East Oil and Gas Show and Conference, Society of Petroleum Engineers, TX, 1–9.
  • Lin, L., & Luo, P. (2014). Amphoteric hydrolyzed poly (acrylamide/dimethyl diallyl ammonium chloride) as a filtration reducer under high temperatures and high salinities. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 132(10), n/a–n/a. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.41581
  • Lin, L., & Luo, P. (2018). Effect of polyampholyte-bentonite interactions on the properties of saltwater mud. Applied Clay Science, 163, 10–19. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2018.07.012
  • Li, M.-C., Wu, Q., Song, K., Qing, Y., & Wu, Y. (2015). Cellulose nanoparticles as modifiers for rheology and fluid loss in bentonite water-based fluids. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, 7(8), 5006–5016. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsami.5b00498
  • Dias, F. T. G., Souza, R. R., & Lucas, E. F. (2015). Influence of modified starches composition on their performance as fluid loss additives in invert-emulsion drilling fluids. Fuel, 140, 711–716. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2014.09.074
  • Darson-Balleur, S., Harnan, C., Admiraal, B., et al. (2019). Guide to Support Fluids to Deep Foundations. Joint EFFC/DFI Support Fluid Task Group.
  • Day, S. (1999). Geotechnical techniques for the construction of reactive barriers.” Journal of Hazardous Materials, 67(3), 285–297. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0304-3894(99)00044-8
  • Kadaster, A. G., Guild, G. J., Hanni, G. L., & Schmidt, D. D. (1992). Field applications of PHPA muds. SPE Drilling Engineering, 7(03), 191–199. https://doi.org/10.2118/19531-pa
  • Kelessidis, V. C., Tsamantaki, C., Michalakis, A., Christidis, G. E., Makri, P., Papanicolaou, K., & Foscolos, A. (2007). Greek lignites as additives for controlling filtration properties of water–bentonite suspensions at high temperatures. Fuel, 86(7-8), 1112–1121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fuel.2006.10.009
  • Lam, C., Martin, P. J., & Jefferis, S. A. (2015). Rheological properties of PHPA polymer support fluids. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 27(11), 04015021. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)mt.1943-5533.0001252
  • O’Neill, M. W., & Reese, L. C. (1999). Drilled Shafts: Construction Procedures and Design Methods. Publ. No. FHWA-IF-99-025, Federal Highway Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, Washington, D.C.
  • Lam, C., & Jefferis, S. A. (2016). Performance of bored piles constructed using polymer fluids: lessons from european experience. Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities, 30(2), 04015024. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)cf.1943-5509.0000756
  • Dugan, G. (2013). Drilling Fluids: Choose Bentonite or Synthetic Slurry as the Job Demands. https://www.nationaldriller.com/articles/88767-drilling-fluids-choose-bentonite-or-synthetic-slurry-as-the-job-demands.
  • Nash, K. L. (1974). Stability of trenches filled with fluids. Journal of the Construction Division, 100(4), 533–542. https://doi.org/10.1061/jcceaz.0000456
  • Majano, R. E., O’Neill, M. W., & Hassan, K. M. (1994). Perimeter load transfer in model drilled shafts formed under slurry. Journal of Geotechnical Engineering, 120(12), 2136–2154. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0733-9410(1994)120:12(2136)
  • Lam, C., Jefferis, S. A., & Goodhue, Jr., K. G. (2010). Observations on viscosity reduction of PHPA polymer support fluids. Deep Foundations and Geotechnical in Situ Testing. https://doi.org/10.1061/41106(379)23
  • Lam, C., & Jefferis, S. A. (2014). Interpretation of viscometer test results for polymer support fluids. Tunneling and Underground Construction. https://doi.org/10.1061/9780784413449.043
  • Santagata, M., Dalmazzo, D., & Santagata, E. (2008). Deformation behavior of clay-water suspensions from rheological tests. In: Proceedings of 4th International Symposium on Deformation Characteristics of Geomaterials, Vol. 1, IOS Press, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 453–459.
  • Speers, R. A., Holme, K. R., Tung, M. A., & Williamson, W. T. (1987). Drilling fluid shear stress overshoot behavior. Rheologica Acta, 26(5), 447–452. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf01333845
  • Alderman, N. J., Meeten, G. H., & Sherwood, J. D. (1991). Vane rheometry of bentonite gels. Journal of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, 39(3), 291–310. https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-0257(91)80019-g
  • Lesemann, H., & Vogt, N. (2012). Investigations into hydraulic support using polymeric solutions (in German). Geotechnik, 35(1), 11–21.
  • Majano, R. E., & O’Neill, M. W. (1993). Effect of mineral and polymer slurries on perimeter load transfer in drilled shafts. Rep. No. UHCE-93-1, Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Univ. of Houston, Houston.
  • Lam, C., Jefferis, S. A., & Suckling, T. P. (2014c). Construction techniques for bored piling in sand using polymer fluids. In: Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers-Geotechnical Engineering, 167(6), 565–573. https://doi.org/10.1680/geng.13.00128
  • McKinley, G. H. (2002). Steady and transient motion of spherical particles in viscoelastic liquids. In: Transport Processes in Bubbles, Drops, and Particles. Kee, D.De., and Chhabra, R.P. (Eds), Taylor & Francis, New York, 338–375.
  • Mohamed, N. A. (1994). Novel wholly aromatic polyamide-hydrazides. Part V: Structure-molecular-weight-thermal-stability relationships. Polymer Degradation and Stability, 44(1), 33–42. https://doi.org/10.1016/0141-3910(94)90029-9
  • Kim, S. I., Ree, M., Shin, T. J., & Jung, J. C. (1999). Synthesis of new aromatic polyimides with various side chains containing a biphenyl mesogen unit and their abilities to control liquid‐crystal alignments on the rubbed surface. Journal of Polymer Science. Part A: Polymer Chemistry, 37, 2909–2921. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0518(19990801)37:15<2909::aid-pola24>3.0.co;2-b
  • Ahmad, H. M., Kamal, M. S., & Al-Harthi, M. A. (2018). High molecular weight copolymers as rheology modifier and fluid loss additive for water-based drilling fluids. Journal of Molecular Liquids, 252, 133–143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molliq.2017.12.135
  • Chu, Q., & Lin, L. (2019). Effect of molecular flexibility on the rheological and filtration properties of synthetic polymers used as fluid loss additives in water-based drilling fluid. RSC Advances, 9(15), 8608–8619. https://doi.org/10.1039/c9ra00038k
  • Chen, T.-A., Jen, A. K.-Y., & Cai, Y. (1995). Facile approach to nonlinear optical side-chain aromatic polyimides with large second-order nonlinearity and thermal stability. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 117(27), 7295–7296. https://doi.org/10.1021/ja00132a050
  • Liaw, D.-J., Chang, F.-C., Leung, M., Chou, M.-Y., & Muellen, K. (2005). High thermal stability and rigid rod of novel organo soluble polyimides and polyamides based on bulky and noncoplanar naphthalene−biphenyldiamine. Macromolecules, 38(9), 4024–4029. https://doi.org/10.1021/ma048559x
  • Varganici, C.-D., Rosu, D., Barbu-Mic, C., Rosu, L., Popovici, D., Hulubei, C., & Simionescu, B. C. (2015). On the thermal stability of some aromatic-aliphatic polyimides. Journal of Analytical and Applied Pyrolysis, 113, 390–401. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaap.2015.02.031
  • Gu, Y., Sun, Z., Gong, S., Zhang, H., Gong, Q., Liu, L., & Wang, Y. (2015). Synthesis and characterization of soluble and thermally stable triphenylpyridine-containing aromatic polyimides. Journal of Materials Science, 50(20), 6552–6558. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-015-9186-7
  • Cao, J., Meng, L., Yang, Y., Zhu, Y., Wang, X., Yao, C. Y., Sun, M. B., & Zhong, H. (2017). Novel acrylamide/2-acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid/4-vinylpyridine terpolymer as an anti-calcium contamination fluid-loss additive for water-based drilling fluids. Energy & Fuels, 31(11), 11963–11970. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.7b02354
  • Plank, J., Brandl, A., & Lummer, N. R. (2007). Effect of different anchor groups on adsorption behavior and effectiveness of poly (N, N-dimethylacrylamide-co-Ca 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonate) as cement fluid loss additive in presence of acetone-formaldehyde-sulfite dispersant. Journal of Applied Polymer Science, 106(6), 3889–3894. https://doi.org/10.1002/app.26897
  • Likos, W. J., Akunuri, K., & Loehr, J. E. (2005). Performance of PHPA Polymer slurries for applications in Missouri shale. In: Proceedings of Sessions of the Geo-Frontiers 2005 Congress, Geotechnical Special Publication No. 132, ASCE, Reston, VA., 665–676.
  • Inyang, H. I., Bae, S., Mbamalu, G., & Park, S.-W. (2007). Aqueous polymer effects on volumetric swelling of Na-montmorillonite. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 19(1), 84–90. doi:10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2007)19:1(84)
  • Brown D., & Axtell, P. J. (2010). Design and Construction Challenges at the kcICON Bridge. Deep Foundation, 73–76.
  • Chaney, R., Demars, K., Ata, A., & O’Neill, M. (2000). The physiochemical interaction between PHPA polymer slurry and cement mortar. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 23(2), 225–235. https://doi.org/10.1520/gtj11047j
  • Lam, C., Troughton, V., Jefferis, S., & Suckling, T. (2010b). Effect of Support Fluids on Pile Performance – A Field Trial in East London. Ground Engineering, 43(10), 28–31.
  • Lam, C., Martin, P. J., Jefferis, S. A., & Goodhue, K. G. (2014b). Determination of residual concentration of active polymer in a polymeric support fluid. Geotechnical Testing Journal, 37(1), 20130019. https://doi.org/10.1520/gtj20130019
  • KB Technologies. (2002). A Slurry and Earth Stabilization System for the New Millennium: A Technical Discussion and Historical Overview. Trade Literature, KB Technologies, Chattanooga, Tenn.
  • Quan, H., Li, H., Huang, Z., Zhang, T., & Dai, S. (2014). Copolymer SJ-1 as a fluid loss additive for drilling fluid with high content of salt and calcium. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2014, 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/201301
  • Wu, Y.-M., Zhang, B.-Q., Wu, T., & Zhang, C.-G. (2001). Properties of the forpolymer of N -vinylpyrrolidone with itaconic acid, acrylamide and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid as a fluid-loss reducer for drilling fluid at high temperatures. Colloid & Polymer Science, 279(9), 836–842. https://doi.org/10.1007/s003960100494
  • Falode, O. A., Ehinola, O. A., & Nebeife, P. C. (2008). “Evaluation of local bentonitic clay as oil well drilling fluids in Nigeria. Applied Clay Science, 39(1-2), 19–27. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2007.04.011
  • Lam, C., & Jefferis, S. A. (2020). Effect of sorption on the active concentration of polymer support fluids. Géotechnique Letters, 11, 36-41. https://doi.org/10.1680/jgele.20.00062
  • Taylor, K. C., & Nasr-El-Din, H. A. (1994). Acrylamide copolymers: A review of methods for the determination of concentration and degree of hydrolysis. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 12(1), 9–23. https://doi.org/10.1016/0920-4105(94)90003-5
  • Bae, S., & Inyang, H. I. (2006). Confirmation of aqueous polymer sorption on contaminant barrier clay using TGA. Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering, 18(2), 307–310. https://doi.org/10.1061/(asce)0899-1561(2006)18:2(307)
  • Jefferis, S., & Lam, C. (2017). Using density to determine the solids content of construction slurries. In: Proceedings of International Conference Soil Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering, Seoul, 1695-1698.
  • Larson, R. G., & Desai, P. S. (2015). Modeling the rheology of polymer melts and solutions. Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 47(1), 47–65. doi:10.1146/annurev-fluid-010814-014612
  • Schwarz, J., & Lange, U. (2004). Brückengründung mit 70 m tiefen flüssigkeitsgestützten gebohrten Pfählen in Benin/Afrika. (in German). In: Proceedings of 19th Christian Veder Kolloquium, Graz, Austria, 73–89.
There are 64 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Engineering
Journal Section Articles
Authors

Muhammad Shahbaz Akhtar 0000-0001-5495-1934

Early Pub Date June 22, 2023
Publication Date October 5, 2023
Published in Issue Year 2023 Volume: 7 Issue: 4

Cite

APA Akhtar, M. S. (2023). Bentonite and polymeric support fluids used for stabilization in excavations. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 7(4), 338-348. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1118896
AMA Akhtar MS. Bentonite and polymeric support fluids used for stabilization in excavations. TUJE. October 2023;7(4):338-348. doi:10.31127/tuje.1118896
Chicago Akhtar, Muhammad Shahbaz. “Bentonite and Polymeric Support Fluids Used for Stabilization in Excavations”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7, no. 4 (October 2023): 338-48. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1118896.
EndNote Akhtar MS (October 1, 2023) Bentonite and polymeric support fluids used for stabilization in excavations. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7 4 338–348.
IEEE M. S. Akhtar, “Bentonite and polymeric support fluids used for stabilization in excavations”, TUJE, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 338–348, 2023, doi: 10.31127/tuje.1118896.
ISNAD Akhtar, Muhammad Shahbaz. “Bentonite and Polymeric Support Fluids Used for Stabilization in Excavations”. Turkish Journal of Engineering 7/4 (October 2023), 338-348. https://doi.org/10.31127/tuje.1118896.
JAMA Akhtar MS. Bentonite and polymeric support fluids used for stabilization in excavations. TUJE. 2023;7:338–348.
MLA Akhtar, Muhammad Shahbaz. “Bentonite and Polymeric Support Fluids Used for Stabilization in Excavations”. Turkish Journal of Engineering, vol. 7, no. 4, 2023, pp. 338-4, doi:10.31127/tuje.1118896.
Vancouver Akhtar MS. Bentonite and polymeric support fluids used for stabilization in excavations. TUJE. 2023;7(4):338-4.
Flag Counter