Enhancing Combustion Efficiency: Utilizing Graphene Oxide Nanofluids as Fuel Additives with Tomato Oil Methyl Ester in CI Engines
Year 2024,
Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 720 - 728, 31.10.2024
Kumaran Pachaiyappan
,
Natarajan Sengodan
,
Prakash Sekar
,
Vasanthraj Ramalingam
,
Saranraj Periyasamy
Abstract
The research aims to conduct a thorough examination of the combustion, injection, performance, and emission characteristics of a diesel engine below different engine loads, as well as the synthesis of graphene oxide (GO) nano fuels and their utilization in combination with Tomato Oil methyl ester (TOME) and diesel fuel blend. The graphene oxide, plays a vital role in the pre-mixed combustion phase of diesel engines. Addition of graphene oxide nano fuels enhances the high-pressure combustion stage, resulting in increased maximum pressure and heat release rate. TOME (B20GO75) and TOME (B20GO100) exhibit comparable heat release rate to diesel due to improved fuel characteristics and quicker ignition delay duration. While TOME (B20) shows a slight decrease in (BTE) compared to diesel, the addition of graphene oxide improves BTE, with TOME (B20GO50) displaying the highest BTE at full load, indicating enhanced combustion efficiency. Moreover, graphene oxide addition leads to a reduction in carbon monoxide (CO) and hydrocarbon (HC) emissions, with emissions decreasing as the concentration of graphene oxide increases. However, NoX emissions initially decrease with TOME (B20) compared to diesel but increase with higher graphene oxide concentration. Smoke emissions increase with TOME (B20) but decrease with higher graphene oxide dosages. Overall, the incorporation of graphene oxide nano fuels into Tomato Oil methyl ester blends demonstrates potential for improving engine performance and reducing emissions.
Thanks
The authors are grateful to Aarupadai Veedu Institute of Technology and Vinayaka Mission’s Research Foundation for granting access to laboratory facilities.
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Year 2024,
Volume: 8 Issue: 4, 720 - 728, 31.10.2024
Kumaran Pachaiyappan
,
Natarajan Sengodan
,
Prakash Sekar
,
Vasanthraj Ramalingam
,
Saranraj Periyasamy
References
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- Soudagar, M. E. M., Nik-Ghazali, N. N., Kalam, M. A., Badruddin, I. A., Banapurmath, N., Khan, T. Y., ... & Afzal, A. (2019). The effects of graphene oxide nanoparticle additive stably dispersed in dairy scum oil biodiesel-diesel fuel blend on CI engine: Performance, emission and combustion characteristics. Fuel, 257, 116015.
- Ağbulut, Ü., Elibol, E., Demirci, T., Sarıdemir, S., Gürel, A. E., Rajak, U., ... & Verma, T. N. (2022). Synthesis of graphene oxide nanoparticles and the influences of their usage as fuel additives on CI engine behaviors. Energy, 244, 122603.
- Hoseini, S. S., Najafi, G., Ghobadian, B., Ebadi, M. T., Mamat, R., & Yusaf, T. (2020). Performance and emission characteristics of a CI engine using graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles additives in biodiesel-diesel blends. Renewable Energy, 145, 458-465.
- Jayaraman, J., & Reddy, S. (2021). Effects of injection pressure on performance & emission characteristics of CI engine using graphene oxide additive in bio-diesel blend. Materials Today: Proceedings, 44, 3716-3722.
- Bayindirli, C., Celik, M., & Zan, R. (2023). Optimizing the thermophysical properties and combustion performance of biodiesel by graphite and reduced graphene oxide nanoparticle fuel additive. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 37, 101295.
- EL-Seesy, A. I., Hassan, H., & Ookawara, S. (2018). Performance, combustion, and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with Jatropha methyl ester and graphene oxide additives. Energy Conversion and Management, 166, 674-686.
- Bello, Y. H., Ookawara, S. A., Ahmed, M. A., El-Khouly, M. A., Elmehasseb, I. M., El-Shafai, N. M., & Elwardany, A. E. (2020). Investigating the engine performance, emissions and soot characteristics of CI engine fueled with diesel fuel loaded with graphene oxide-titanium dioxide nanocomposites. Fuel, 269, 117436.
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- Hoseini, S. S., Najafi, G., Ghobadian, B., Mamat, R., Ebadi, M. T., & Yusaf, T. (2018). Novel environmentally friendly fuel: The effects of nanographene oxide additives on the performance and emission characteristics of diesel engines fuelled with Ailanthus altissima biodiesel. Renewable Energy, 125, 283-294.
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- Razzaq, L., Mujtaba, M. A., Soudagar, M. E. M., Ahmed, W., Fayaz, H., Bashir, S., ... & El-Seesy, A. I. (2021). Engine performance and emission characteristics of palm biodiesel blends with graphene oxide nanoplatelets and dimethyl carbonate additives. Journal of Environmental Management, 282, 111917.
- Hoseini, S. S., Najafi, G., Ghobadian, B., Ebadi, M. T., Mamat, R., & Yusaf, T. (2020). Biodiesels from three feedstock: The effect of graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles diesel engine parameters fuelled with biodiesel. Renewable Energy, 145, 190-201.
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- Can, Ö., & Çetin, Ö. (2023). Potential use of graphene oxide as an engine oil additive for energy savings in a diesel engine. Engineering Science and Technology, an International Journal, 48, 101567.
- Ahmed, A., Shah, A. N., Azam, A., Uddin, G. M., Ali, M. S., Hassan, S., ... & Aslam, T. (2020). Environment-friendly novel fuel additives: Investigation of the effects of graphite nanoparticles on performance and regulated gaseous emissions of CI engine. Energy Conversion and Management, 211, 112748.
- El-Seesy, A. I., Nour, M., Attia, A. M., He, Z., & Hassan, H. (2020). Investigation the effect of adding graphene oxide into diesel/higher alcohols blends on a diesel engine performance. International Journal of Green Energy, 17(3), 233-253.
- Ooi, J. B., Ismail, H. M., Swamy, V., Wang, X., Swain, A. K., & Rajanren, J. R. (2016). Graphite oxide nanoparticle as a diesel fuel additive for cleaner emissions and lower fuel consumption. Energy & Fuels, 30(2), 1341-1353.
- Ul Haq, M., Jafry, A. T., Ali, M., Ajab, H., Abbas, N., Sajjad, U., & Hamid, K. (2024). Influence of nano additives on Diesel-Biodiesel fuel blends in diesel engine: A spray, performance, and emissions study. Energy Conversion and Management: X, 100574.
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- El-Adawy, M. (2023). Effects of diesel-biodiesel fuel blends doped with zinc oxide nanoparticles on performance and combustion attributes of a diesel engine. Alexandria Engineering Journal, 80, 269-281.
- Markov, V., Kamaltdinov, V., Zherdev, A., Furman, V., Sa, B., & Neverov, V. (2019). Study on the possibility of improving the environmental performance of diesel engine using carbon nanotubes as a petroleum diesel fuel additive. Energies, 12(22), 4345.
- Al-Bawwat, A. A. K., Cano, A., Gomaa, M. R., & Jurado, F. (2023). Availability of biomass and potential of nanotechnologies for bioenergy production in Jordan. Processes, 11(4), 992.
- Baş, H. (2023). Tribological properties of MoS2 particles as lubricant additive on the performance of statically loaded radial journal bearings. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 7(1), 42-48.
- Chakrabartty, I., & Hakeem, K. R. (Eds.). (2024). Green Nanomaterials in Energy Conversion and Storage Applications. CRC Press.
- Sindhu, R., Prabhat, S. T., Hiep, B. T., Chinnathambi, A., & Alharbi, S. A. (2024). Experimental assessment of cork-based Botryococcus braunii microalgae blends and hydrogen in modified multicylinder diesel engine. Fuel, 359, 130468.
- ACHOLA, O. J. (2022). Numerical analysis of the thermophysical properties of hybrid nanofluids for industrial use (Doctoral dissertation, Kenyatta University).
- Kantoğlu, B., & Duzdar Argun, İ. (2023). Evaluation of renewable energy source alternatives prioritization. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 7(1), 1-8.
- Sönmez, A., Güler, Ö., Başgöz, Ö., & Güler, S. H. (2021). Graphene produced with using surfactant from expanded graphite. Turkish Journal of Engineering, 5(2), 65-68.