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The Renaissance of Turkish Drones: How Has Türkiye’s Concept of Security Changed?

Year 2024, Issue: 80, 339 - 351, 21.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.62425/turcology.1488470

Abstract

Unmanned aerial vehicles have many uses around the world. These vehicles, which are used in multidisciplinary fields, have brought along the tactical change in the counter-terrorism process of the Republic of Türkiye and have presented a great importance in terms of Türkiye's contribution to international security within the scope of the National Technology move. Ground breaking studies on this subject in the UAV/SIHA production process were developed by many governmental institutions and individual initiatives like BAYKAR and significant successes were achieved in cross-border operations led by Türkiye, and hence Türkiye played an important role in ensuring regional security. Since the data security of the devices and weapons purchased as a result of foreign dependency since the 1990s could not be ensured, the country has created its own defence industry strategy and the operations carried out with state-of-the-art warplanes and unmanned aerial vehicles which significantly restricted the mobility of the terrorist organizations capable of launching air-to-air missiles with a successful intelligence base are used against terrorist organizations, especially ISIL and made Türkiye an important player in the field of regional and international security. Nowadays, when the independence of countries cannot be limited only to the management of freedom and democracy, a country must be able to innovate and make progress, especially in the defence industry, for its own security. Unmanned aerial vehicle systems, which Turkey has gained significant momentum in recent years, have enabled the country to gain a new role in both state security and regional and international security. In other words, these vehicles have advantages such as cost effectiveness and low risk compared to traditional military aircraft, and Turkey's use of UAV/SIHAs in its own internal security operations and in areas such as border security has increased the strategic importance of this technology. Turkey's progress in this field can also be considered an important development in terms of international security policies and defence industry trends. Conducting a detailed analysis of how these technological developments affect Turkey's foreign policy and defence strategies can help us better understand the complexity of this issue.

References

  • Ağır, B. S. & Arman, M. N. (2014). Deepening of Security Conception and Violent Non-State Actors as the Challengers of Human Security. Adnan Menderes University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 1(1), 105-116.
  • Bunker, R. J. (2015). Terrorist and Insurgent Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Use, Potentials, and Military Implications. Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College Press.
  • Buzan, B. & Hansen, L. (2009). The Evolution of International Security Studies. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817762
  • Cline, L. E. (2004). From Ocalan to Al Qaida. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 27(1), 321-335. https://doi:10.1080/10576100490461105
  • Eker, A. A., Sallar, G. E. & Turan, Y. (2014). Use of Unmanned Aerial Assault Vehicles (UAAV) as an Asymmetric Factor. Journal of Military and Information Science, 2(4), 101-107.
  • Erboğa, A. (2019). Türkiye’nin Stratejik Silah Kapasitesi. SETA Yayınları.
  • Fahim, K. (2020, November 29). Turkey’s military campaign beyond its borders is powered by homemade armed drones. The Washington Post.
  • Ferah, A. & Tunca, H. Ö. (2022). Turkey’s Preventive Operations against Terrorists across Southern Border. International Journal of Politics and Security, 4(1), 106-142. https://doi:10.53451/ijps.1004432
  • Gatopoulos, A. (2020, May 28). ‘Largest drone war in the world’: How airpower saved Tripoli. Aljazeera.
  • Giordan, D., Manconi, A., Remondino, F. & Nex, F. (2017). Use of unmanned aerial vehicles in monitoring application and management of natural hazards. Geomatics, Natural Hazards & Risk, 8 (1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2017.1315619
  • Grizold, A. (1994). The Concept of National Security in the Contemporary World. International Journal on World Peace, 11(3), 37-53.
  • Güneş, A. (2022). Arap Baharı Sonrası Dönemde Libya’da Yaşananlar ve Türkiye-Libya İlişkilerinin Analizi. MSB Kara Harp Okulu Matbaası.
  • Heino, O. (2022). Intelligent Terrorism as a Security Threat to Critical Infrastructure. Security and Defense Quarterly, 39(3), 33-44. https://doi:10.35467/sdq/152422
  • Hough, Malik, S., Moran, A. & Pilbeam, B. (2015). International Security Studies: Theory and Practice. Routledge Taylor and Francis Group New York.
  • İstanbullu, İ. & Emiroğlu, H. (2022). Sınır Güvenliği Mantığı. Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 42.
  • Kocamaz, S. (2011). A New Form of Security Cooperation and Collective Conflict Management in the Post-Cold War International System. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, 3(1).
  • Leffler, M. P. (1990). National Security. The Journal of American History, 77 (1), 143-152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2078646
  • Neşet, S., Aydin, M., Balta, E., Ataç, K. K., Bilgin, H. D. & Strand, A. (2021). Turkey as a regional security actor in the Black Sea, the Mediterranean, and the Levant Region. CHR. Michelsen Institute.
  • Perrigo, B. (2022, March 1). Ukraine’s Secret Weapon against Russia: Turkish Drones. Time.
  • PWC. (2020). Defence trends 2020: Investing in a digital future [Brochure].
  • Renehan, J. N. (1997). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Lethal Combination? Air University Press.
  • Scott, L. & Jackson: (2010). The Study of Intelligence in Theory and Practice. Intelligence & National Security, 19(2), 139-169. https://doi:10.1080/02684520420003029
  • Sezer, D. B. (1999). Turkish Security Challenges in the 1990’s. Mediterranean Security into the Coming Millennium, 11, 263-279.
  • Stefanov, S., Terziev, V. & Banabakova, V. (2018). Levels of Security and Postmodern Society. International E-Journal of Advances in Social Sciences, 4(12), 588-596.
  • Stein, A. (2022). Turkey’s Response to the Russia-Ukraine Crisis. Foreign Policy Research Institute.
  • Şahin, G. (2016). Küresel Güvenlik ve NATO: Teori-Aktör-Tehdit-Risk. Detay Yayıncılık.
  • The Economist. (2023). Special Report Warfare after Ukraine. The Economist Special Reports.
  • Trsek, R. B. (2008). The Last Manned Fighter: Replacing Manned Fighters with Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles. Air University Press.
  • Walt, S. M. (1991). The Renaissance of Security Studies. International Studies Quarterly, 35 (2), 211-239. https://doi.org/10.2307/2600471
  • Yavuz, B. (2009). Critical Security Studies and World Politics. Uluslararası İlişkiler Akademik Dergisi, 6(21), 139-145.
  • Yıldırım, J. & Öcal, N. (2013). Analyzing the Determinants of Terrorism in Turkey Using Geographically Weighted Regression. Defense and Peace Economics, 24 (3), 195-209. https://doi:10.1080/10242694.2012.695034

Türk İHA'larının Rönesansı: Türkiye'nin Güvenlik Anlayışı Nasıl Değişti?

Year 2024, Issue: 80, 339 - 351, 21.05.2024
https://doi.org/10.62425/turcology.1488470

Abstract

İnsansız hava araçlarının dünya genelinde birçok kullanım alanı mevcuttur. Multidisipliner alanda kullanılan bu araçlar Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin terörle mücadele sürecinde taktiksel değişimi beraberinde getirmiş ve Millî Teknoloji Hamlesi kapsamında Türkiye’nin uluslararası güvenliğe katkısı açısından büyük öneme sahip olmuştur. IHA/SIHA üretimi sürecinde bu konuda çığır açan çalışmalar resmî kurumlar ve BAYKAR gibi şahsi girişimler tarafından geliştirilmiş ve Türkiye’nin liderlik ettiği sınır ötesi operasyonlarda önemli başarılar kat edilmiş ve bölgesel güvenliğin sağlanmasında Türkiye önemli bir rol oynamıştır. 1990’lardan bu yana yurtdışı bağımlılık neticesinde satın alınan cihaz ve silahların veri güvenliği sağlanamadığından ülke kendi savunma sanayi stratejisini oluşturmuş ve başarılı bir istihbarı temel ile havadan havaya füze atma kapasiteli son teknoloji savaş uçakları ve insansız hava araçları ile yapılan operasyonlar başta DAEŞ olmak üzere terör örgütlerinin hareket kabiliyetlerini önemli ölçüde kısıtlamış ve Türkiye’yi bölgesel ve uluslararası güvenlik alanında önemli bir oyuncu hâline getirmiştir. Ülkelerin bağımsızlığının sadece özgürlük ve demokrasi yönetimi ile sınırlandırılamayacağı günümüzde bir ülkenin kendi güvenliği için özellikle savunma sanayisinde yenilikler yapıp ilerleme kaydedebilmesi gerekmektedir. Türkiye’nin son yıllarda önemli bir ivme kazandığı insansız hava aracı sistemleri hem devlet güvenliği hem de bölgesel ve uluslararası güvenlik hususlarında ülkenin yeni bir rol elde etmesini sağlamıştır. Bir başka deyişle bu araçlar geleneksel askeri hava araçlarına kıyasla maliyet etkinliği ve riskin az olması gibi avantajlara sahip olup ayrıca Türkiye’nin IHA/SIHA’larını kendi iç güvenlik operasyonlarında ve sınır güvenliği gibi alanlarda kullanması bu teknolojinin stratejik önemini artırmıştır. Türkiye’nin bu alandaki ilerlemesi, uluslararası güvenlik politikaları ve savunma sanayisi trendleri açısından da önemli bir gelişme olarak değerlendirilebilir. Bu teknolojik gelişmelerin, Türkiye’nin dış politika ve savunma stratejilerini nasıl etkilediği konusunda detaylı bir analiz yapmak, bu konunun karmaşıklığını daha iyi anlamamıza yardımcı olabilir.

References

  • Ağır, B. S. & Arman, M. N. (2014). Deepening of Security Conception and Violent Non-State Actors as the Challengers of Human Security. Adnan Menderes University Journal of Institute of Social Sciences, 1(1), 105-116.
  • Bunker, R. J. (2015). Terrorist and Insurgent Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Use, Potentials, and Military Implications. Strategic Studies Institute, US Army War College Press.
  • Buzan, B. & Hansen, L. (2009). The Evolution of International Security Studies. Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511817762
  • Cline, L. E. (2004). From Ocalan to Al Qaida. Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, 27(1), 321-335. https://doi:10.1080/10576100490461105
  • Eker, A. A., Sallar, G. E. & Turan, Y. (2014). Use of Unmanned Aerial Assault Vehicles (UAAV) as an Asymmetric Factor. Journal of Military and Information Science, 2(4), 101-107.
  • Erboğa, A. (2019). Türkiye’nin Stratejik Silah Kapasitesi. SETA Yayınları.
  • Fahim, K. (2020, November 29). Turkey’s military campaign beyond its borders is powered by homemade armed drones. The Washington Post.
  • Ferah, A. & Tunca, H. Ö. (2022). Turkey’s Preventive Operations against Terrorists across Southern Border. International Journal of Politics and Security, 4(1), 106-142. https://doi:10.53451/ijps.1004432
  • Gatopoulos, A. (2020, May 28). ‘Largest drone war in the world’: How airpower saved Tripoli. Aljazeera.
  • Giordan, D., Manconi, A., Remondino, F. & Nex, F. (2017). Use of unmanned aerial vehicles in monitoring application and management of natural hazards. Geomatics, Natural Hazards & Risk, 8 (1), 1-4. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475705.2017.1315619
  • Grizold, A. (1994). The Concept of National Security in the Contemporary World. International Journal on World Peace, 11(3), 37-53.
  • Güneş, A. (2022). Arap Baharı Sonrası Dönemde Libya’da Yaşananlar ve Türkiye-Libya İlişkilerinin Analizi. MSB Kara Harp Okulu Matbaası.
  • Heino, O. (2022). Intelligent Terrorism as a Security Threat to Critical Infrastructure. Security and Defense Quarterly, 39(3), 33-44. https://doi:10.35467/sdq/152422
  • Hough, Malik, S., Moran, A. & Pilbeam, B. (2015). International Security Studies: Theory and Practice. Routledge Taylor and Francis Group New York.
  • İstanbullu, İ. & Emiroğlu, H. (2022). Sınır Güvenliği Mantığı. Savunma Bilimleri Dergisi, 42.
  • Kocamaz, S. (2011). A New Form of Security Cooperation and Collective Conflict Management in the Post-Cold War International System. International Journal of Social Sciences and Humanity Studies, 3(1).
  • Leffler, M. P. (1990). National Security. The Journal of American History, 77 (1), 143-152. https://doi.org/10.2307/2078646
  • Neşet, S., Aydin, M., Balta, E., Ataç, K. K., Bilgin, H. D. & Strand, A. (2021). Turkey as a regional security actor in the Black Sea, the Mediterranean, and the Levant Region. CHR. Michelsen Institute.
  • Perrigo, B. (2022, March 1). Ukraine’s Secret Weapon against Russia: Turkish Drones. Time.
  • PWC. (2020). Defence trends 2020: Investing in a digital future [Brochure].
  • Renehan, J. N. (1997). Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and Weapons of Mass Destruction: A Lethal Combination? Air University Press.
  • Scott, L. & Jackson: (2010). The Study of Intelligence in Theory and Practice. Intelligence & National Security, 19(2), 139-169. https://doi:10.1080/02684520420003029
  • Sezer, D. B. (1999). Turkish Security Challenges in the 1990’s. Mediterranean Security into the Coming Millennium, 11, 263-279.
  • Stefanov, S., Terziev, V. & Banabakova, V. (2018). Levels of Security and Postmodern Society. International E-Journal of Advances in Social Sciences, 4(12), 588-596.
  • Stein, A. (2022). Turkey’s Response to the Russia-Ukraine Crisis. Foreign Policy Research Institute.
  • Şahin, G. (2016). Küresel Güvenlik ve NATO: Teori-Aktör-Tehdit-Risk. Detay Yayıncılık.
  • The Economist. (2023). Special Report Warfare after Ukraine. The Economist Special Reports.
  • Trsek, R. B. (2008). The Last Manned Fighter: Replacing Manned Fighters with Unmanned Combat Air Vehicles. Air University Press.
  • Walt, S. M. (1991). The Renaissance of Security Studies. International Studies Quarterly, 35 (2), 211-239. https://doi.org/10.2307/2600471
  • Yavuz, B. (2009). Critical Security Studies and World Politics. Uluslararası İlişkiler Akademik Dergisi, 6(21), 139-145.
  • Yıldırım, J. & Öcal, N. (2013). Analyzing the Determinants of Terrorism in Turkey Using Geographically Weighted Regression. Defense and Peace Economics, 24 (3), 195-209. https://doi:10.1080/10242694.2012.695034
There are 31 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Environment and Culture, Cultural Studies (Other), Policy and Administration (Other), Political Science (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Tuğba Koç This is me 0000-0001-5345-7790

Publication Date May 21, 2024
Submission Date December 13, 2023
Acceptance Date April 5, 2024
Published in Issue Year 2024 Issue: 80

Cite

APA Koç, T. (2024). Türk İHA’larının Rönesansı: Türkiye’nin Güvenlik Anlayışı Nasıl Değişti?. Turcology Research(80), 339-351. https://doi.org/10.62425/turcology.1488470

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