Congenital anomalies that are dependent on environmental pollution

Year 2017, Volume 2, Issue 1(4), 15 - 15, 01.11.2017

Emine Ateş Necdet Aytaç Muhsin Akbaba

Abstract

Congenital
anomalies are a major cause of infant mortality.Congenital anomalies that are
important contributors to childhood and adult morbidity can be of genetic or
environmental origin.There are important factors that directly or indirectly
affect health in the environment.Development in the early phase of embryonic
development is largely determined by fetal genes, but development is affected by
environmental or epigenetic factors in later stages.If these effects are
harmful, undesirable consequences may occur during the fetal period and later
development periods.

Environmental pollution factors have been associated with low birth
weight,intrauterine growth retardation,preterm delivery,spontaneous abortion
and fetal mortality.Exposure to environmental pollution is associated with
birth defects such as neural tube defects,cleft palate and lip, cardiovascular
system defects, central nervous system,respiratory system and urinary system
defects.In infants exposed to high levels of O3 and CO,the rate of infants with
cleft palate and lip and heart defect was 3 times higher in the studies.High
levels of CO were found to increase the incidence of ventricular septal
defect.Similarly,it was observed that the frequency of ophthalmopathy and
pulmonary artery and pulmonary valve defects in the aorta and aortic valve were
increased.Maternal exposure to low levels of nitrogen dioxide has been reported
to cause neuromuscular coordination defects in neonatal rats. In another
study,it was found that the risk of having anencephaly was higher in the
children of women who were working in environments with high concentrations of
solvents and pesticides.

Protection in congenital anomalies is a multifaceted approach.In order to
prevent congenital anomalies; one must reduce exposure to potential teratogens
before pregnancy is recognized. Despite the various protective mechanisms in
the intrauterine environment, some environmental agents may reach developmental
anomalies by reaching the embryo through maternal contact. Informing the public
about the genetic and environmental factors that affect the fetus is an
important step in this approach.

 

Keywords: environment, pollution,
congenital anomalies

Keywords

Congenital anomalies that are dependent on environmental pollution

References

• Emine Ateş, Necdet Aytaç, Muhsin Akbaba The Public Health Department,Cukurova University Medical Faculty,Adana