Abstract
Drinking
and tap water supplies in many geographic areas contain chromium. Certain
contaminants, such as hexavalent chromium(chromium-6), steel and pulp mills, a
metal used in metal processing, and the tanning industry, aren't removed by
standard tap filters. Acidic environments with high organic content lend wings
to the reduction of chromium-6 to nontoxic trivalent chromium(chromium-3).
Public health worries are centered on the presence of chromium-6 that is
classified as "likely to be carcinogenic to humans" by the U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency(EPA). In addition to this chromium-6 in
drinking water has been linked to certain stomach cancers. Exposure of animals
to chromium-6 in drinking water induced tumors in the alimentary tract, with
responses in the mouse small intestine. The widest form of DNA damage induced
by chromium-6 is Cr-DNA adducts, which cause mutations and chromosomal breaks.
Otherwise, chronic iron(Fe) overload results primarily from genetic disarray
characterized by increased iron absorption and from diseases that require
frequent transfusions.
In
this study, 12 spring waters and 7 tap waters analyzed. Inductively Coupled
Plasma-Mass Spectroscopy(ICP-MS) system was utilized for metals concentration
in spring and tap waters. Furthermore, Ion Chromatography(IC) system was
evaluated for anion and cation determination in spring and tap waters. The
chromium levels were above the limit values in the tap waters, moreover, above
the limit values in 25% of the spring waters and proximate to the permissible
limits in 75%. Therewithal, the iron concentrations in tap water, both in
spring water, were above the permissible limits.
People
in Yozgat city drink chromium-polluted tap water, much of it likely in the
cancer-causing hexavalent form. Moreover, people here also use tap water to
prepare meals. Given the scope of exposure and the magnitude of the potential
risk, we believes require public water suppliers to test for it. However, we
believe that it is necessary to support the independent bodies like ours(BOZOK
UNIVERSITY-BILTEM-TOXICOLOGY LABORATORY) to carry out analyzes at certain
intervals.
Key Words:
chromium, iron, drinking water, toxicity
References
- Vugar Ali Türksoy (1), Lütfiye Tutkun (2), Okan Tanın (3) (1) Bozok University, Department of Public Health, Yozgat, Turkey (2) Bozok University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Yozgat, Turkey (3) Department of Public Health, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey
Abstract
References
- Vugar Ali Türksoy (1), Lütfiye Tutkun (2), Okan Tanın (3) (1) Bozok University, Department of Public Health, Yozgat, Turkey (2) Bozok University, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Yozgat, Turkey (3) Department of Public Health, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri, Turkey
Details
| Journal Section | Articles |
|---|---|
| Authors | |
| Publication Date | November 1, 2017 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2017 Volume 2, Issue 1(4) |