Research Article
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Motorbike Powered Trailer for Transporting Poultry Birds

Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 157 - 169, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1071309

Abstract

The demand for poultry products has made it necessary for farmers to transport poultry birds from farmhouses to where they could be processed for the consumers. However, transporting poultry birds over a long distance, and under unfavourable conditions, could cause a shift in their behaviours, and biochemical reactions, resulting in an increase in birds’ traumatic injuries, weight loss, and poor meat quality. Therefore, a motorbike powered trailer was developed, having an average loading capacity of 50 to 54 broiler chickens, with a live body weight of 1.5 kg, for small-scale farmers. The climatic conditions (temperature and relative humidity) within the trailer were evaluated when the trailer was tested on the motion for 35 minutes during the hot period of the day (1:30 pm to 2:05 pm). The result showed that the indoor temperatures ranged between 29.3°C and 31.6°C and the outdoor temperatures ranged from 31.0°C and 33.3°C. Similarly, the indoor relative humidity was between 61 and 69% while that of outdoor relative humidity was between 56% and 64%. The mean apparent equivalent temperature (AET) of the trailer was estimated as 30.45 ± 0.54°C. This implies that the thermal zone within the trailer could be considered safe for poultry birds during hot weather periods in the humid tropical climate. The total production cost of the trailer was two hundred and forty-three US dollars, eighty cents ($243.80).

Supporting Institution

No supporting institution. The study was supported by the authors

Project Number

None

Thanks

To the workshop assistants

References

  • Aldridge DJ, Luthra K, Liang Y, Christensen K, Watkins SE and Scanes CG (2019). Thermal micro-environment during poultry transportation in south central United States. Animals, 9(1): 31.
  • Arikan MS, Akin AC, Akcay A, Aral Y, Sariozkan S, Cevrimli MB and Polat M (2017). Effects of transportation distance, slaughter age, and seasonal factors on total losses in broiler chickens. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Avicola, 19(3): 421-428.
  • Broom DM (2019). Welfare of transported animals: welfare assessment and factors affecting welfare. In Temple Grandin (Ed.), Livestock handling and transport (5th ed., pp. 12–29). CAB International.
  • Chauvin C, Hillion S, Balaine L, Michel V, Peraste J, Petetin I, Lupo C and Le Bouquin S (2011). Factors associated with mortality of broilers during transport to slaughterhouse. Animal, 5(2): 287-293.
  • Frisk M, Jonsson A, Sellman S, Flisberg P, Rönnqvist M and Wennergren U (2018). Route optimization as an instrument to improve animal welfare and economics in pre-slaughter logistics. PLOS ONE, 13(3): 1-21.
  • Giersberg MF, Hartung J, Kemper N and Spindler B (2016). Floor space covered by broiler chickens kept at stocking densities according to Council Directive 2007 / 43 / EC. Veterinary Record, 179(5): 124-130.
  • Hui KPC (2013). Development and evaluation of an actively heated and ventilated poultry transport vehicle. University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
  • Jongbo AO (2018). Investigation into an alternative approach of environmental control to enhance sensible heat transfer from broiler chickens during hot weather periods. Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, United Kingdom.
  • Jongbo AO (2020). Evaluation of the environmental parameters of battery-caged poultry house in the humid tropical climate. Colombian Journal of Animal Science, 12(2): 753.
  • Kiki G, Kouchadé C, Houngan A, Zannou-Tchoko SJ and André P (2020). Evaluation of thermal comfort in an office building in the humid tropical climate of Benin. Building and Environment, 185(September).
  • Minka NS and Ayo JO (2007). Effects of loading behaviour and road transport stress on traumatic injuries in cattle transported by road during the hot-dry season. Livestock Science, 107(1): 91-95.
  • Mitchell MA (2006). Using physiological models to define envrionmental control strategies. In R. Gous, T. Morris, & C. Fisher (Eds.), Mechanistic Modelling in Pig and Poultry Production (pp. 209-228). CAB International.
  • Mitchell, MA and Kettlewell PJ (2014). Engineering and design of vehicles for long distance road transport of livestock (ruminants, pigs and poultry). Veterinaria Italiana, 44(1): 201-213.
  • Nabarro D and Wannous C (2014). The potential contribution of livestock to food and nutrition security: the application of the One Health approach in livestock policy and practice. Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz, 33(2): 475-485.
  • Nielsen BL, Dybkjr L and Herskin MS (2011). Road transport of farm animals: Effects of journey duration on animal welfare. Animal, 5(3): 415-427.
  • Norton T, Kettlewell P and Mitchell M (2013). A computational analysis of a fully-stocked dual-mode ventilated livestock vehicle during ferry transportation. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 93: 217-228.
  • Pasika S and Gandla ST (2020). Smart water quality monitoring system with cost-effective using IoT. Heliyon, 6(7): e04096.
  • Schwartzkopf-Genswein KS, Faucitano L, Dadgar S, Shand P, González LA and Crowe TG (2012). Road transport of cattle, swine and poultry in North America and its impact on animal welfare, carcass and meat quality: a review. Meat Science, 92(3): 227-243.
  • Strawford ML, Watts JM, Crowe TG, Classen HL and Shand PJ (2011). The effect of simulated cold weather transport on core body temperature and behavior of broilers. Poultry Science, 90(11): 2415-2424.
  • Thornton PK (2010). Livestock production: Recent trends, future prospects. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences, 365: 2853-2867.
  • Voslarova E, Janackova B, Vitula F, Kozak A and Vecerek V (2007). Effects of transport distance and the season of the year on death rates among hens and roosters in transport to poultry processing plants in the Czech Republic in the period from 1997 to 2004. Veterinarni Medicina, 52(6): 262-266.
  • Vosmerova P, Chloupek J, Bedanova I, Chloupek P, Kruzikova K, Blahova J and Vecerek V (2010). Changes in selected biochemical indices related to transport of broilers to slaughterhouse under different ambient temperatures. Poultry Science, 89(12): 2719-2725.
  • Weeks CA (2014). Poultry handling and transport. In T. Grandin (Ed.), Livestock handling and transport (4th ed., pp. 378-398). CAB International.
Year 2022, Volume: 3 Issue: 1, 157 - 169, 30.06.2022
https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1071309

Abstract

Project Number

None

References

  • Aldridge DJ, Luthra K, Liang Y, Christensen K, Watkins SE and Scanes CG (2019). Thermal micro-environment during poultry transportation in south central United States. Animals, 9(1): 31.
  • Arikan MS, Akin AC, Akcay A, Aral Y, Sariozkan S, Cevrimli MB and Polat M (2017). Effects of transportation distance, slaughter age, and seasonal factors on total losses in broiler chickens. Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Avicola, 19(3): 421-428.
  • Broom DM (2019). Welfare of transported animals: welfare assessment and factors affecting welfare. In Temple Grandin (Ed.), Livestock handling and transport (5th ed., pp. 12–29). CAB International.
  • Chauvin C, Hillion S, Balaine L, Michel V, Peraste J, Petetin I, Lupo C and Le Bouquin S (2011). Factors associated with mortality of broilers during transport to slaughterhouse. Animal, 5(2): 287-293.
  • Frisk M, Jonsson A, Sellman S, Flisberg P, Rönnqvist M and Wennergren U (2018). Route optimization as an instrument to improve animal welfare and economics in pre-slaughter logistics. PLOS ONE, 13(3): 1-21.
  • Giersberg MF, Hartung J, Kemper N and Spindler B (2016). Floor space covered by broiler chickens kept at stocking densities according to Council Directive 2007 / 43 / EC. Veterinary Record, 179(5): 124-130.
  • Hui KPC (2013). Development and evaluation of an actively heated and ventilated poultry transport vehicle. University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
  • Jongbo AO (2018). Investigation into an alternative approach of environmental control to enhance sensible heat transfer from broiler chickens during hot weather periods. Harper Adams University, Newport, Shropshire, United Kingdom.
  • Jongbo AO (2020). Evaluation of the environmental parameters of battery-caged poultry house in the humid tropical climate. Colombian Journal of Animal Science, 12(2): 753.
  • Kiki G, Kouchadé C, Houngan A, Zannou-Tchoko SJ and André P (2020). Evaluation of thermal comfort in an office building in the humid tropical climate of Benin. Building and Environment, 185(September).
  • Minka NS and Ayo JO (2007). Effects of loading behaviour and road transport stress on traumatic injuries in cattle transported by road during the hot-dry season. Livestock Science, 107(1): 91-95.
  • Mitchell MA (2006). Using physiological models to define envrionmental control strategies. In R. Gous, T. Morris, & C. Fisher (Eds.), Mechanistic Modelling in Pig and Poultry Production (pp. 209-228). CAB International.
  • Mitchell, MA and Kettlewell PJ (2014). Engineering and design of vehicles for long distance road transport of livestock (ruminants, pigs and poultry). Veterinaria Italiana, 44(1): 201-213.
  • Nabarro D and Wannous C (2014). The potential contribution of livestock to food and nutrition security: the application of the One Health approach in livestock policy and practice. Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epiz, 33(2): 475-485.
  • Nielsen BL, Dybkjr L and Herskin MS (2011). Road transport of farm animals: Effects of journey duration on animal welfare. Animal, 5(3): 415-427.
  • Norton T, Kettlewell P and Mitchell M (2013). A computational analysis of a fully-stocked dual-mode ventilated livestock vehicle during ferry transportation. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 93: 217-228.
  • Pasika S and Gandla ST (2020). Smart water quality monitoring system with cost-effective using IoT. Heliyon, 6(7): e04096.
  • Schwartzkopf-Genswein KS, Faucitano L, Dadgar S, Shand P, González LA and Crowe TG (2012). Road transport of cattle, swine and poultry in North America and its impact on animal welfare, carcass and meat quality: a review. Meat Science, 92(3): 227-243.
  • Strawford ML, Watts JM, Crowe TG, Classen HL and Shand PJ (2011). The effect of simulated cold weather transport on core body temperature and behavior of broilers. Poultry Science, 90(11): 2415-2424.
  • Thornton PK (2010). Livestock production: Recent trends, future prospects. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences, 365: 2853-2867.
  • Voslarova E, Janackova B, Vitula F, Kozak A and Vecerek V (2007). Effects of transport distance and the season of the year on death rates among hens and roosters in transport to poultry processing plants in the Czech Republic in the period from 1997 to 2004. Veterinarni Medicina, 52(6): 262-266.
  • Vosmerova P, Chloupek J, Bedanova I, Chloupek P, Kruzikova K, Blahova J and Vecerek V (2010). Changes in selected biochemical indices related to transport of broilers to slaughterhouse under different ambient temperatures. Poultry Science, 89(12): 2719-2725.
  • Weeks CA (2014). Poultry handling and transport. In T. Grandin (Ed.), Livestock handling and transport (4th ed., pp. 378-398). CAB International.
There are 23 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Agricultural Engineering
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Ayoola Jongbo 0000-0003-1603-5876

Timothy Adelaja This is me 0000-0001-8272-3197

Project Number None
Publication Date June 30, 2022
Submission Date February 11, 2022
Acceptance Date April 29, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 3 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Jongbo, A., & Adelaja, T. (2022). Motorbike Powered Trailer for Transporting Poultry Birds. Turkish Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research, 3(1), 157-169. https://doi.org/10.46592/turkager.1071309

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