Pediatrik Hastada Dental Anksiyete ve Bilişsel Davranışçı Terapi Yöntemi

Yıl 2024, , 344 - 356, 10.05.2024

Çağla Şimşek , Mine Koruyucu

https://doi.org/10.58711/turkishjdentres.vi.1344229

Öz

Dental anksiyete; belirgin bir kaynağı olmayan, dental uyaran ve prosedürlere karşı aşırı korku ile kendini gösteren özel bir anksiyete türüdür. Anksiyete yaşayan çocuk ve gençler, muayene ve tedavi esnasında çeşitli davranış bozuklukları sergileyebilir; huzursuzluktan öfke nöbetlerine kadar farklı tepkiler gösterebilirler. Bazı durumlarda, tedavi sırasında yaşadıkları ciddi ağrılar uygun bakımla hafifletilebilecek dahi olsa tedaviyi reddetme eğiliminde olabilirler. Bugüne kadar yapılan araştırmalar, farmakolojik ve farmakolojik olmayan çeşitli davranış yönlendirme teknikleri aracılığıyla dental kaygının yönetilmesi amacıyla literatüre katkı sağlamıştır. Klinik çalışmaya uyum sağlayamayan hastalarda diş hekimleri, ileri seviye davranış yöntemleri olan sedasyon ve genel anestezi metotları ile çalışmaktadır. Bilişsel davranışçı terapi (BDT), gençler ve çocuklar arasında sıkça kullanılan bir terapi yaklaşımıdır ve psikopatolojilerin tedavi edilmesi ve önlenmesinde kanıta dayalı bir yöntem olarak kabul edilmektedir. BDT, insan davranışlarını ve psikopatolojilerini temelde bilişsel ve davranışsal kuramlar çerçevesinde açıklamayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu yaklaşım, düşünceler, duygular ve davranışlar arasındaki karmaşık ilişkilere odaklanır. Özellikle çocuklar ve gençler arasında, uygun tekniklerle uygulandığında anksiyete bozuklukları, depresyon, yıkıcı davranış bozuklukları ve dışa dönük davranış sorunlarının etkili bir şekilde tedavi edilmesinde başarı sağlamaktadır. Bu derleme ile diş hekimlerinin anksiyete, dental anksiyete ve bilişsel davranışçı terapi kavramları ile tanıştırılması ve klinik uyum sağlayamayan hastalarda gerekli yönlendirmelerin teşviki hedeflenmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

çocuk diş hekimliği, bilişsel davranışçı terapi, dental anksiyete, psikoterapi

Pediatric Patient’s Dental Anxiety and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Methods

Öz

Dental anxiety is a distinct form of anxiety characterized by an excessive fear of dental stimuli and procedures without a clear source. Children and adolescents experiencing anxiety can exhibit various behavioral disturbances during examination and treatment; they may display different reactions ranging
from restlessness to anger outbursts. In some cases, even if they could alleviate severe pain through appropriate care, they may tend to refuse the treatment. Research conducted so far has contributed to the literature on managing dental anxiety through pharmacological and non-pharmacological behavior
guidance techniques. Dentists tend to work with advanced behavior methods such as sedation and general anesthesia in patients who cannot comply with clinical treatment. Cognitivebehavioral
therapy (CBT) is a frequently utilized therapeutic approach among youths and children, acknowledged as an evidence-based method for the treatment and prevention of psychopathologies. CBT aims to explain human behaviors and psychopathologies primarily within the framework of cognitive and behavioral theories. This approach focuses on the intricate relationships between thoughts, emotions, and behaviors. Particularly among children and adolescents, when applied with appropriate techniques, CBT has proven successful in treating anxiety disorders, depression, disruptive behavior disorders, and externalizing behavioral issues. This compilation aims to acquaint dentists with the concepts of
anxiety, dental anxiety, and cognitive-behavioral therapy and promote guidance for necessary interventions

Anahtar Kelimeler

pediatric dentistry, cognitive behavioral therapy, dental anxiety, psychotherapy

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