Ortaçağ ve Elizabeth Dönemi İngiliz Şiiri Bağlamında Osmanlılar ve Türkler

Year 2015, Volume: 22 Issue: 22, 253 - 276, 01.06.2015

Pınar Taşdelen

Abstract

Osmanlı İmparatorluğu on üçüncü yüzyıl sonundan yirminci yüzyılın başına dek süren, etkisini sadece Avrupa’ya değil Orta Doğu, Anadolu ve Kuzey Afrika’ya da yaymış olan, coğrafi, ekonomik, dini ve politik olarak güçlü bir imparatorluktur. Özellikle geç on beşinci ve on altıncı yüzyıllarda Osmanlı İmparatorluğu İslam’ın önderi ve yayıcısı olarak üç kıtada, Batı Avrupalıları Hıristiyanlığı yıkacağı korkusuna sevk eden, derin tesirler bırakmaya ve askeri başarılar kazanmaya başlamıştır. Osmanlılara Avrupa’ya ayak bastıran Kostantiniyye’nin (bugünkü İstanbul) II. Mehmet tarafından fethedilmesi ve I. Selim’in İslam dünyasının halifesi olması Osmanlı İmparatorluğu’nu İslam’ın önderi olduğu fikrini güçlendirerek önlenemez ilerlemesiyle Osmanlıları Avrupa karşısında büyüyen bir tehdide dönüştürmüştür. Bu bağlamda, bu makale The Turke and Gowin, Roland and Vernagu, The Romance of Otuel, Richard Coer de Lyon, Octovian, King Horn, Sir Ferumbras, The Sowdone of Babylone, The Sege off Melayne, Geoffrey Chaucer’ın Canterbury Hikâyeleri (The Canterbury Tales), Edmund Spenser’ın The Faerie Queene, Sir Philip Sidney’in Astrophel and Stella ve The Defense of Poesy eserleri çerçevesinde Müslümanlar/Sarasenler ile ilişkilendirilen Türklerin/Osmanlıların ortaçağ ve Elizabeth dönemi İngiliz şiirinde yer alan tasvirlerini ve her iki dönemde dini, kültürel ve etnik ‘diğer’ olarak ilişkilendirmelerini tartışmaktadır.

Keywords

Türk imgesi, Sarasenler, kimlik, Orta İngilizce metrik romans, Elizabeth dönemi şiiri

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