Electrochemical methods for food and food quality analyses: A review

Abstract

The growing global population, environmental issues, and concerns about food safety and quality in the context of industrial food production require the development of analytical methods that are not only sensitive and selective, but also fast, portable, and cost-effective. Electrochemical techniques have emerged as promising alternatives to traditional laboratory-based methods for the real-time, on-site detection of contaminants, nutrients, spoilage indicators, and additives in various food matrices. This review provides a comprehensive overview of electrochemical methods, highlighting their analytical performance, material innovations, and applications in food and food quality analysis. Literature information is provided regarding the sensitivity, selectivity, and applicability of these methods under real sample conditions. Case studies involving food products such as wheat, meat, seafood, coffee, oils, alcoholic beverages, fruit juices and processed foods demonstrate their practical importance. The review also highlights the importance and use of nanomaterials, biosensor elements, and portable platforms, and draws attention to the potential of electrochemical approaches to support safe, traceable, and sustainable food systems for the protection of public health.

Keywords

• Electrochemical techniques
• Food analysis
• Sensors
• Food quality
• Adulteration

gıda ve gıda kalitesi analizleri için elektrokimyasal yöntemler: Bir derleme

Abstract

Küresel nüfusun artması, çevresel sorunlar ve endüstriyel gıda üretimi bağlamında gıda güvenliği ve kalitesine ilişkin artan endişeler, yalnızca hassas ve seçici değil, aynı zamanda hızlı, taşınabilir ve maliyet etkin analitik yöntemlerin geliştirilmesini gerektirmektedir. Elektrokimyasal teknikler, çeşitli gıda matrislerinde kirleticiler, besinler, bozulma belirteçleri ve katkı maddelerinin gerçek zamanlı, yerinde tespiti için geleneksel laboratuvar tabanlı yöntemlere umut verici alternatifler olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu derleme, elektrokimyasal yöntemler hakkında kapsamlı genel bir bakış sunarak, analitik performanslarını, malzeme yeniliklerini ve gıda ve gıda kalitesi analizlerindeki uygulamalarını vurgulamaktadır. Bu yöntemlerin hassasiyeti, seçiciliği ve gerçek numune koşullarına uygulanabilirliği bağlamında literatür bilgileri verilmektedir. Buğday, et, deniz ürünleri, kahve, yağlar, alkollü içecekler, meyve suları ve işlenmiş gıdalar gibi gıda ürünlerini içeren vaka çalışmaları, bunların pratik önemini göstermektedir. İnceleme ayrıca nanomalzemelerin, biyosensör elemanlarının ve taşınabilir platformların önemini ve kullanımını vurgulamakta ayrıca halk sağlığının korunması için güvenli, izlenebilir ve sürdürülebilir gıda sistemlerini desteklemek üzere elektrokimyasal yaklaşımların potansiyeline dikkat çekmektedir.

Keywords

• Elektrokimyasal teknikler
• Gıda analizi
• Sensörler
• Gıda kalitesi
• Tağşiş

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