Research Article
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Year 2018, , 132 - 141, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.467470

Abstract

References

  • Anshel MH, Wells B. Sources of acute stress and coping styles in competitive sport. Anxiety, stress and coping, 2000; 13(1): 1-26.
  • Anshel MH, Williams L, Williams SM. Coping style following acute stress in competitive sport. The Journal of Social Psychology, 2000; 140(6): 751-773.
  • Arns M, de Ridder S, Strehl U, Breteler M, Coenen A. Efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in ADHD: the effects on inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity: a meta-analysis. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience, 2009; 40(3): 180-189.
  • Baltzell A, Akhtar VL. Mindfulness meditation training for sport (MMTS) intervention: Impact of MMTS with division I female athletes. Journal of Happiness and Well-being, 2014; 2(2): 160-173.
  • Beauchamp MR, Bray SR, Eys MA, Carron AV. The effect of role ambiguity on competitive state anxiety. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2003; 25(1): 77-92.
  • Bernier M, Thienot E, Codron R, Fournier JF. Mindfulness and acceptance approaches in sport performance. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2009; 3(4): 320-333.
  • Call D, Miron L, Orcutt H. Effectiveness of brief mindfulness techniques in reducing symptoms of anxiety and stress. Mindfulness, 2014; 5(6): 658-668.
  • Cashmore E. Sport and exercise psychology: the key concepts: Routledge, 2008.
  • Crews DJ, Landers DM. Electroencephalographic measures of attentional patterns prior to the golf putt. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1993.
  • Deeny SP, Hillman CH, Janelle CM, Hatfield BD. Cortico-cortical communication and superior performance in skilled marksmen: An EEG coherence analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2003; 25(2): 188-204.
  • Dupee M. Exploring a bioneurofeedback training intervention to enhance psychological skills & performance in sport. University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008.
  • Eberth J, Sedlmeier P. The effects of mindfulness meditation: A meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 2012; 3(3): 174-189.
  • Fletcher D, Hanton S. Sources of organizational stress in elite sports performers. The Sport Psychologist, 2003; 17(2): 175-195.
  • Gardner FL, Moore ZE. A mindfulness-acceptance-commitment-based approach to athletic performance enhancement: Theoretical considerations. Behavior Therapy, 2004; 35(4): 707-723.
  • Gould D, Dieffenbach K, Moffett A. Psychological characteristics and their development in Olympic champions. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2002; 14(3): 172-204.
  • Graczyk M, Pachalska M, Ziolkowski A, Manko G, Lukaszewska B, Kochanowicz K, Mirski A, Kropotow I. Neurofeedback training for peak performance. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2014; 21(4): 871–875.
  • Gruzelier JH. EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. II: creativity, the performing arts and ecological validity. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2014; 44: 142-158.
  • Hanin YL. Performance related emotional states in sport: a qualitative analysis. Paper presented at the Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 2003.
  • Hayes SC, Wilson KG. Mindfulness: Method and process. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 2003; 10(2): 161-165.
  • Hofmann SG, Sawyer AT, Witt AA, Oh D. The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2010; 78(2): 169.
  • Jamshidi A, Bagherzadeh F, Arab Ameri E, Rastegar A. Compare sports orientation athletes participating in the eighth Olympiad student sports in Iran. Journal of Harekat, 2009; 38: 39-52.
  • Jones G, Hanton S, Connaughton D. A framework of mental toughness in the world’s best performers. The Sport Psychologist, 2007; 21(2): 243-264.
  • Kabat-Zinn J. Coming to our senses: Healing ourselves and the world through mindfulness: Hachette UK, 2005.
  • Kabat-Zinn J, Lipworth L, Burney R. The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 1985; 8(2): 163-190.
  • Kaiser DA, Othmer S. Effect of neurofeedback on variables of attention in a large multi-center trial. Journal of Neurotherapy, 2000; 4(1): 5-15.
  • Kee YH, Chatzisarantis NN, Kong PW, Chow JY, Chen LH. Mindfulness, movement control, and attentional focus strategies: effects of mindfulness on a postural balance task. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2012; 34(5): 561-579.
  • Kerr CE, Jones SR, Wan Q, Pritchett DL, Wasserman RH, Wexler A, Villanueva JJ, Shaw JR, Lazar SW, Kaptchuk TJ, Littenberg R, Hämäläinen MS, Moore CI. Effects of mindfulness meditation training on anticipatory alpha modulation in primary somatosensory cortex. Brain Research Bulletin, 2011; 85(3): 96-103.
  • Khoury B, Lecomte T, Fortin G, Masse M, Therien P, Bouchard V, Chapleau MA, Paquin K, Hofmann SG. Mindfulness-based therapy: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 2013; 33(6): 763-771.
  • Krane V, Williams J. Psychological characteristics of peak performance. In: Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (Editor: J. M. Williams, 5. Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006: 207-227.
  • Landers DM, Petruzzello SJ, Salazar W, Crews DJ, Kubitz KA, Gannon TL, Han M. The influence of electrocortical biofeedback on performance in pre-elite archers. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1991; 23(1):123-129.
  • Leach J, Holmes P, Hirst L, Gruzelier J. Alpha theta versus SMR training for novice singers/advanced instrumentalists. Revista Espanola Psichologica, 2008; 10: 62.
  • Martin GL, Vause T, Schwartzman L. Experimental studies of psychological interventions with athletes in competitions: Why so few? Behavior Modification, 2005; 29(4): 616-641.
  • Moore ZE. Theoretical and empirical developments of the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach to performance enhancement. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2009; 3(4): 291-302.
  • Mor D, Christian V. The development of a skill test battery to measure general soccer ability. North Carolina Journal of Health and Physical Education, 1979; 15(1): 30.
  • Orlick T, Partington J. Mental links to excellence. The Sport Psychologist, 1988; 2(2): 105-130.
  • Öst LG. Efficacy of the third wave of behavioral therapies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2008; 46(3): 296-321.
  • Raymond J, Varney C, Parkinson LA, Gruzelier JH. The effects of alpha/theta neurofeedback on personality and mood. Cognitive brain research, 2005; 23(2): 287-292.
  • Roemer L, Orsillo SM, Salters-Pedneault K. Efficacy of an acceptance-based behavior therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: evaluation in a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2008; 76(6): 1083.
  • Ros T, Moseley MJ, Bloom PA, Benjamin L, Parkinson LA, Gruzelier JH. Optimizing microsurgical skills with EEG neurofeedback. BMC neuroscience, 2009; 10(1): 87.
  • Rostami R, Sadeghi H, Karami KA, Abadi MN, Salamati P. The effects of neurofeedback on the improvement of rifle shooters' performance. Journal of Neurotherapy, 2012; 16(4): 264-269.
  • Ruiz MC, Raglin JS, Hanin YL. The individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model (1978–2014): historical overview of its development and use. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2017; 15(1): 41-63.
  • Schwanhausser L. Application of the mindfulness-acceptance-commitment (MAC) protocol with an adolescent springboard diver. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2009; 3(4), 377-395.
  • Schwartz MS, Andrasik F. Biofeedback: A practitioner's guide: Guilford Publications, 2016.
  • Scott‐Hamilton J, Schutte NS, Brown RF. Effects of a mindfulness intervention on sports‐anxiety, pessimism, and flow in competitive cyclists. Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being, 2016; 8(1): 85-103.
  • Shaw L, Zaichkowsky L, Wilson V. Setting the balance: Using biofeedback and neurofeedback with gymnasts. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2012; 6(1): 47-66.
  • Smith RE, Smoll FL, Schutz RW. Measurement and correlates of sport-specific cognitive and somatic trait anxiety: The Sport Anxiety Scale. Anxiety Research, 1990; 2(4): 263-280.
  • Sterman MB. Basic concepts and clinical findings in the treatment of seizure disorders with EEG operant conditioning. Clinical Electroencephalography, 2000; 31(1): 45-55.
  • Thompson RW, Kaufman KA, De Petrillo LA, Glass CR, Arnkoff DB. One year follow-up of mindful sport performance enhancement (MSPE) with archers, golfers, and runners. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2011; 5(2): 99-116.
  • Waterhouse J, Reilly T, Edwards B. The stress of travel. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2004; 22(10): 946-966.
  • Zeidan F, Grant J, Brown C, McHaffie J, Coghill R. Mindfulness meditation-related pain relief: evidence for unique brain mechanisms in the regulation of pain. Neuroscience Letters, 2012; 520(2): 165-173.

Neurofeedback versus mindfulness on young football players anxiety and performance

Year 2018, , 132 - 141, 30.12.2018
https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.467470

Abstract

Nowadays, in athletic world exercise and physical practice are not only tools to achieve peak performance. In high level of athletic activities there are not so differences based on skilfulness and psychological differences determinant winner or loser. Athletes have to compete in anxiety situations and in reaction to these situations are experiencing excitement. Mindfulness and Neurofeedback interventions are included interventions that are used in the field of psychology, particularly sport psychology that includes two disparate aspects of psychological interventions i.e. technological and traditional. Therefore in this study, we examined the effects of Mindfulness and Neurofeedback interventions on the level of Sport Anxiety and Athletic performance of young football players.  In this study, 45 Iranian Football players were assigned to three groups. Athletes in group 1 received twelve-session, 30-minute alpha/theta neurofeedback training, in group 2 received twelve-session, 30-minutes mindfulness training and control group did not receive any intervention. Sport Anxiety Scale and Shoot performance test were used for quantitative comparisons. The results of MANOVA showed that improvement of athletic performance scores and reduction of anxiety scale were significant in both experimental groups. In addition, there were not significant differences between both experimental groups in athletic performance, but there were significantly different between mindfulness groups compared to the neurofeedback group in sport anxiety scale. According to these findings, we concluded the alpha/theta neurofeedback training and mindfulness meditation training are appropriate to increase athletic performance and decrease level of sport anxiety.

References

  • Anshel MH, Wells B. Sources of acute stress and coping styles in competitive sport. Anxiety, stress and coping, 2000; 13(1): 1-26.
  • Anshel MH, Williams L, Williams SM. Coping style following acute stress in competitive sport. The Journal of Social Psychology, 2000; 140(6): 751-773.
  • Arns M, de Ridder S, Strehl U, Breteler M, Coenen A. Efficacy of neurofeedback treatment in ADHD: the effects on inattention, impulsivity and hyperactivity: a meta-analysis. Clinical EEG and Neuroscience, 2009; 40(3): 180-189.
  • Baltzell A, Akhtar VL. Mindfulness meditation training for sport (MMTS) intervention: Impact of MMTS with division I female athletes. Journal of Happiness and Well-being, 2014; 2(2): 160-173.
  • Beauchamp MR, Bray SR, Eys MA, Carron AV. The effect of role ambiguity on competitive state anxiety. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2003; 25(1): 77-92.
  • Bernier M, Thienot E, Codron R, Fournier JF. Mindfulness and acceptance approaches in sport performance. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2009; 3(4): 320-333.
  • Call D, Miron L, Orcutt H. Effectiveness of brief mindfulness techniques in reducing symptoms of anxiety and stress. Mindfulness, 2014; 5(6): 658-668.
  • Cashmore E. Sport and exercise psychology: the key concepts: Routledge, 2008.
  • Crews DJ, Landers DM. Electroencephalographic measures of attentional patterns prior to the golf putt. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1993.
  • Deeny SP, Hillman CH, Janelle CM, Hatfield BD. Cortico-cortical communication and superior performance in skilled marksmen: An EEG coherence analysis. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2003; 25(2): 188-204.
  • Dupee M. Exploring a bioneurofeedback training intervention to enhance psychological skills & performance in sport. University of Ottawa (Canada), 2008.
  • Eberth J, Sedlmeier P. The effects of mindfulness meditation: A meta-analysis. Mindfulness, 2012; 3(3): 174-189.
  • Fletcher D, Hanton S. Sources of organizational stress in elite sports performers. The Sport Psychologist, 2003; 17(2): 175-195.
  • Gardner FL, Moore ZE. A mindfulness-acceptance-commitment-based approach to athletic performance enhancement: Theoretical considerations. Behavior Therapy, 2004; 35(4): 707-723.
  • Gould D, Dieffenbach K, Moffett A. Psychological characteristics and their development in Olympic champions. Journal of Applied Sport Psychology, 2002; 14(3): 172-204.
  • Graczyk M, Pachalska M, Ziolkowski A, Manko G, Lukaszewska B, Kochanowicz K, Mirski A, Kropotow I. Neurofeedback training for peak performance. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 2014; 21(4): 871–875.
  • Gruzelier JH. EEG-neurofeedback for optimising performance. II: creativity, the performing arts and ecological validity. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2014; 44: 142-158.
  • Hanin YL. Performance related emotional states in sport: a qualitative analysis. Paper presented at the Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 2003.
  • Hayes SC, Wilson KG. Mindfulness: Method and process. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 2003; 10(2): 161-165.
  • Hofmann SG, Sawyer AT, Witt AA, Oh D. The effect of mindfulness-based therapy on anxiety and depression: A meta-analytic review. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2010; 78(2): 169.
  • Jamshidi A, Bagherzadeh F, Arab Ameri E, Rastegar A. Compare sports orientation athletes participating in the eighth Olympiad student sports in Iran. Journal of Harekat, 2009; 38: 39-52.
  • Jones G, Hanton S, Connaughton D. A framework of mental toughness in the world’s best performers. The Sport Psychologist, 2007; 21(2): 243-264.
  • Kabat-Zinn J. Coming to our senses: Healing ourselves and the world through mindfulness: Hachette UK, 2005.
  • Kabat-Zinn J, Lipworth L, Burney R. The clinical use of mindfulness meditation for the self-regulation of chronic pain. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 1985; 8(2): 163-190.
  • Kaiser DA, Othmer S. Effect of neurofeedback on variables of attention in a large multi-center trial. Journal of Neurotherapy, 2000; 4(1): 5-15.
  • Kee YH, Chatzisarantis NN, Kong PW, Chow JY, Chen LH. Mindfulness, movement control, and attentional focus strategies: effects of mindfulness on a postural balance task. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2012; 34(5): 561-579.
  • Kerr CE, Jones SR, Wan Q, Pritchett DL, Wasserman RH, Wexler A, Villanueva JJ, Shaw JR, Lazar SW, Kaptchuk TJ, Littenberg R, Hämäläinen MS, Moore CI. Effects of mindfulness meditation training on anticipatory alpha modulation in primary somatosensory cortex. Brain Research Bulletin, 2011; 85(3): 96-103.
  • Khoury B, Lecomte T, Fortin G, Masse M, Therien P, Bouchard V, Chapleau MA, Paquin K, Hofmann SG. Mindfulness-based therapy: a comprehensive meta-analysis. Clinical Psychology Review, 2013; 33(6): 763-771.
  • Krane V, Williams J. Psychological characteristics of peak performance. In: Applied sport psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (Editor: J. M. Williams, 5. Edition, New York: McGraw-Hill, 2006: 207-227.
  • Landers DM, Petruzzello SJ, Salazar W, Crews DJ, Kubitz KA, Gannon TL, Han M. The influence of electrocortical biofeedback on performance in pre-elite archers. Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise, 1991; 23(1):123-129.
  • Leach J, Holmes P, Hirst L, Gruzelier J. Alpha theta versus SMR training for novice singers/advanced instrumentalists. Revista Espanola Psichologica, 2008; 10: 62.
  • Martin GL, Vause T, Schwartzman L. Experimental studies of psychological interventions with athletes in competitions: Why so few? Behavior Modification, 2005; 29(4): 616-641.
  • Moore ZE. Theoretical and empirical developments of the Mindfulness-Acceptance-Commitment (MAC) approach to performance enhancement. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2009; 3(4): 291-302.
  • Mor D, Christian V. The development of a skill test battery to measure general soccer ability. North Carolina Journal of Health and Physical Education, 1979; 15(1): 30.
  • Orlick T, Partington J. Mental links to excellence. The Sport Psychologist, 1988; 2(2): 105-130.
  • Öst LG. Efficacy of the third wave of behavioral therapies: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 2008; 46(3): 296-321.
  • Raymond J, Varney C, Parkinson LA, Gruzelier JH. The effects of alpha/theta neurofeedback on personality and mood. Cognitive brain research, 2005; 23(2): 287-292.
  • Roemer L, Orsillo SM, Salters-Pedneault K. Efficacy of an acceptance-based behavior therapy for generalized anxiety disorder: evaluation in a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 2008; 76(6): 1083.
  • Ros T, Moseley MJ, Bloom PA, Benjamin L, Parkinson LA, Gruzelier JH. Optimizing microsurgical skills with EEG neurofeedback. BMC neuroscience, 2009; 10(1): 87.
  • Rostami R, Sadeghi H, Karami KA, Abadi MN, Salamati P. The effects of neurofeedback on the improvement of rifle shooters' performance. Journal of Neurotherapy, 2012; 16(4): 264-269.
  • Ruiz MC, Raglin JS, Hanin YL. The individual zones of optimal functioning (IZOF) model (1978–2014): historical overview of its development and use. International Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 2017; 15(1): 41-63.
  • Schwanhausser L. Application of the mindfulness-acceptance-commitment (MAC) protocol with an adolescent springboard diver. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2009; 3(4), 377-395.
  • Schwartz MS, Andrasik F. Biofeedback: A practitioner's guide: Guilford Publications, 2016.
  • Scott‐Hamilton J, Schutte NS, Brown RF. Effects of a mindfulness intervention on sports‐anxiety, pessimism, and flow in competitive cyclists. Applied Psychology: Health and Well‐Being, 2016; 8(1): 85-103.
  • Shaw L, Zaichkowsky L, Wilson V. Setting the balance: Using biofeedback and neurofeedback with gymnasts. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2012; 6(1): 47-66.
  • Smith RE, Smoll FL, Schutz RW. Measurement and correlates of sport-specific cognitive and somatic trait anxiety: The Sport Anxiety Scale. Anxiety Research, 1990; 2(4): 263-280.
  • Sterman MB. Basic concepts and clinical findings in the treatment of seizure disorders with EEG operant conditioning. Clinical Electroencephalography, 2000; 31(1): 45-55.
  • Thompson RW, Kaufman KA, De Petrillo LA, Glass CR, Arnkoff DB. One year follow-up of mindful sport performance enhancement (MSPE) with archers, golfers, and runners. Journal of Clinical Sport Psychology, 2011; 5(2): 99-116.
  • Waterhouse J, Reilly T, Edwards B. The stress of travel. Journal of Sports Sciences, 2004; 22(10): 946-966.
  • Zeidan F, Grant J, Brown C, McHaffie J, Coghill R. Mindfulness meditation-related pain relief: evidence for unique brain mechanisms in the regulation of pain. Neuroscience Letters, 2012; 520(2): 165-173.
There are 50 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Original Research Articles
Authors

Seyed Mohammad Zadkhosh 0000-0003-0881-3375

Hassan Gharayagh Zandi This is me

Rasool Hemayattalab This is me

Publication Date December 30, 2018
Submission Date October 4, 2018
Acceptance Date December 28, 2018
Published in Issue Year 2018

Cite

APA Zadkhosh, S. M., Gharayagh Zandi, H., & Hemayattalab, R. (2018). Neurofeedback versus mindfulness on young football players anxiety and performance. Turkish Journal of Kinesiology, 4(4), 132-141. https://doi.org/10.31459/turkjkin.467470

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