Proprioceptive training in dance sport: effects of agility skills

Abstract

The aim of this research is to determine the effects of proprioceptive training on the improvement of agility skills in dance sport fitness conditioning. Proprioceptive training is realized throughout tasks that include the establishing and maintaining various positions on balance boards of different dimensions, working surfaces and platforms. 38 male and female competitive dancers divided into an experimental and control groups. The experimental group took part in a proprioceptive training program over a period of 12 weeks (3 x 30 minutes per week). The control group (at the same time as the experimental) had regular sport dance training. At the beginning and at the end of the experiment, agility skills were measured by means of three different agility tests: Side steps, Figure '8' with bending and Agility in the air. Statistically significant differences among the groups in the final measurement (p= .00) generally show a positive effect of the proprioceptive training program on the improvement of agility skills with the experimental group, especially in tests Figure '8' with bending and Side steps. Such findings could encourage the use of proprioceptive training model in daily dance classes due to its potential to improve dancers' agility skills. Therefore, the use of a proprioceptive training model, as an innovative approach in individual and group dance fitness conditioning is recommended.

Keywords

• Agility
• dance
• movement awareness

References

1. Ambegaonkar, J.P.S.V. Caswell, Winchester, J.B., Shimokochi, Y., Cortes, N., & Caswell, A.M. (2013). Balance comparisons between female dancers and active nondancers. Research Quarterly for Exercise and Sport, 84(1), 24-29.
2. Barlow, R. (2017). Proprioception in dance: a comparative review of understandings and approaches to research. Research in Dance Education, 19(2), 1-18.
3. Batson, G. (2009). Update on proprioception: considerations for dance education. Journal of Dance Medicine Science, 13(2), 35-41.
4. Bronner, S. (2012). differences in segmental coordination and postural control in a multi-joint dance movement: développé arabesque. Journal of Dance Medicine and Science, 16 (1), 36-45.
5. Bruyneel, A.V., Mesure, S., Pare, J.C., & Bertrand, M. (2010). Organization of postural equilibrium in several planes in ballet dancers. Neuroscience Letters, 485(3), 228-232.
6. Bruhn, S., Kullmann, N., & Gollhofer, A. (2004). The effects of sensorimotor training and strength training on postural stabilization, maximum isometric contraction and jump performance. International Journal of Sports Medicine, 25(1), 56–60.
7. Chatzopoulos, D., Doganis, G., & Kollias, I. (2018). Effects of creative dance on proprioception, rhythm and balance of preschool children. Early Child Development and Care, 189(12), 1943-1953.
8. Filipa, A., Byrnes, R., Paterno, M.V., Myer, G.D., & Hewettet, T.E. (2010). Neuromuscular training improves performance on the star excursion balance test in young female athletes. Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy, 40(9), 551–558.

9. Hutt, J., & Redding, E. (2014). The effect of an eyes-closed dance-specific training program on dynamic balance in elite pre-professional ballet dancers: a randomized controlled pilot study. J Dance Med Sci, 18(1), 3-11.
10. Han, J., Waddington, G., Adams, R., Anson, J., & Liu, Y. (2016). Assessing proprioception: a crytical review of methods. Journal od Sports and Health Science, 5, 80-90.
11. Han, J., Anson, J., Waddington, G., & Adams, R. (2014). Sport attainmant and proprioception. International Journal of Sport Science & Coaching. 9(1), 159-170.
12. Hoffman, M., & Payne, V.G. (1995). The effects of proprioceptive ankle disk training on healthy subjects. Journal of Orthopedic and Sports Physical Therapy, 21(2), 90–93.
13. Hackney, M. E., & Earhart, G. M. (2010). Effects of dance on balance and gait in severe Parkinson disease: a case study. Disability and Rehabilitation, 32(8), 679-684.
14. Esen, A., Rudarli Nalcakan, G., & Varol, S.R. (2013). Joint position sense in Turkish professional ballet dancers. Nigde University Journal of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, 7(1), 61-68.
15. Golomer, E., Bouillette, A., Mertz, C., & Keller, J. (2008). Effect of mental imagery styles on shoulder and hip rotations during preparation on pirouettes. Journal of Motor Behaviour, 40(4), 281-290.
16. Islam, M.M., Nasu, E., Rogers, M.E., Koizumi, D., Rogers, N.L., & Takeshima, N. (2004). Effect of combined sensory and muscular training on balance in Japanese older adults. Preventive Medicine, 39 (6), 1148-1155.
17. Jola, C., Angharad, D., & Haggard, P. (2011). Proprioceptive integration and body representation: insights into dancer’s expertise. Experimental Brain Research, 213, 257-265.
18. Lieberman, D.E. (2012). What we can learn about running from barefoot running. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 40(2), 63–72.
19. Ljubojevic, A., Bijelic, S., Sebic, L., & Gerdijan, N. (2017). Effects of proprioceptive training od dance sport performance. 8th International Scientific Conference on Kinesiology – Science in Dance. University of Zagreb. Faculty of Kinesiology, Croatia, 809-814.
20. Ljubojević, A., Bijelić, S., Radisavljević, L., Uzunović, S., & Pantelić, K. (2012). Effects of proprioceptive training on balance skills among Dance Sport dancers. Facta Universitatis Series: Physical Education and Sport, 10(3), 257-266.
21. Myer, G.D., Ford, K.R., McLean, S.G., & Hewett, T.E. (2006). The effects of plyometric versus dynamic stabilization and balance training on lower extremity biomechanics. American Journal of Sports Medicine, 34(3), 445-455.
22. Myer, G.D., Ford, K.R., Palumbo, O.P., & Hewett, T.E. (2005). Neuromuscular training improves performance and lower-extremity biomechanics in female athletes. The Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research, 19(1), 51-60.
23. Miura, A., Kudo, K., Ohtsuki, T., & Kanechisa, H. (2011). Coordination modes in sensorimotor synchronization of whole-body movement. a study of street dancers and nondancers. Human Movement Science, 30(6), 1260-1271.
24. Malliou, P., Amoutzas, K., Theodosiou, A., Gioftsidou, A., Mantis, K., Pylianidis, T., & Kioiumourtzoglou, E. (2004). Proprioceptive training for learning downhill skiing. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 99(1), 149-154.
25. Minton, S., & McGill, K. (2011) A study of the relationship between teacher behaviour and student performance on a spatial kinaesthetic awareness test. Dance Research Journal, 30(2), 39-52.
26. Metikoš, D., Hofman, E., Prot, F., Pintar, Ž., & Oreb, G. (1989). Mjerenje bazičnih motoričkih dimenzija sportista (Measurement of basic motor dimensions of athletes). Zagreb, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Zagreb [In Croatian].
27. Metikoš, D., Marković, G., Prot, F., & Jukić, I. (2003). Latent structure of agility obtained by a battery of tests. Kinesiology, 35(1), 14-29.
28. Rosker, J,. & Sarabon, N. (2010). Kinaesthesia and methods for its assessment: literature review. Sport Science Review, 19, 165-208.
29. Rein, S., Fabian, T., Zwipp, H., Rammelt, S., & Weindel, S. (2011). Postural control and functional ankle stability in professional and amateur dancers. Clinical Neurophysiology, 122(8), 1602-1610.
30. Sheppard, J. M., & Young, W.B. (2006), Agility literature review: classifications, training and testing. Journal of Sports Sciences, 24 (9), 919–932.
31. DaSilva Borgers, E.G., de Souza Vale, R.G., Cader, S.A., Leal, S., Miguel, F., Pernambuco, C.S., & Dantas, E.H.M. (2014). Postural balance and falls in elderly nursing home residents enrolled in a ballroom dancing program. Arch Gerontol Geriatr, 59(2), 312-316.
32. Srdic, V., & Bajric, O. (2015). Changes of dancers funcional abilities under the influence of proprioceptive training and training with the rope. Internationa Conference: Современные технологии воспитания культуры здоровья участников образовательного процесса. At: Липецк. [In Russian]
33. Šimek Šalaj, S., Milanović, D., & Jukić, I. (2007). The effects of proprioceptive training on jumping and agility performance. Kinesiology, 39(2), 131-141.
34. Tekin, D., Agopyan, A., & Baltaci, G. (2018). Balance training in modern dancers: proprioceptive-neuromuscular training vs kinesio taping. Medical Problems of Performing Artists, 33(3), 156-165.
35. Verstegen, M., & Marcello, B. (2001). Agility and coordination. In B. Foran (Ed.), High performance sports conditioning (pp. 139-165). Champaign, IL: Human Kinetics.
36. WDSF. (2020, August 6). Competition – The performance. Retrived from https://www.world dancesport.org/About/Competition