Hipertrofik kardiyomiyopatiye bağlı arteriyel tromboembolizmi olan üç kedide pıhtılaşma durumunun tromboelastografik değerlendirmesi

Year 2023, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 5 - 9, 28.10.2023

Meriç Kocatürk , Pınar Levent , Abdullah Doğukan Öz , Hakan Salcı , Zeki Yılmaz

Abstract

Arteriyel tromboembolizm (ATE) ile komplike olan veya olmayan hipertrofik kardiyomiyopatili (HCM) kedilerde tromboelastografi (TEG) kullanılarak pıhtılaşma ve fibrinolitik durumun nasıl değiştiğine dair bilgi eksikliği vardır. Bu nedenle burada HCM'ye bağlı ATE'li üç kedide koagülasyon durumu TEG ile değerlendirildi. Pıhtılaşma, protrombin zamanı (PT), aktive parsiyel tromboplastin zamanı (aPTT), d-dimer ve TEG parametreleri ile değerlendirildi. Bu klinik rapor, PT ve aPTT'nin hiper pıhtılaşmayı ve devam eden tromboz sürecini belirtmek için yeterli olmayabileceğini göstermiştir. TEG kullanılarak hiperkoagülabilitenin kedilerde tromboz tanısında bir kriter olarak kullanılabileceği düşünülmüştür.

Keywords

Arteriyel tromboembolizm, kediler, pıhtılaşma, hipertrofik kardiyomiyopati

Thromboelastographic evaluation of coagulation status in three cats with arterial thromboembolism due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Abstract

There is lack of information on how coagulation and fibrinolytic status using thromboelastography (TEG) are altered in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) complicated with or without arterial thromboembolism (ATE). Thus, herein, coagulation status was evaluated with TEG in three cats with ATE due to HCM. Coagulation was evaluated by prothrombin time (PT), activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), d-dimer, and TEG parameters. This clinical report showed that PT and aPTT may not be sufficient to indicate hypercoagulation and ongoing process of thrombosis. Hypercoagulability using TEG was thought to be able to use as a criterion for the diagnosis of thrombosis in cats.

Keywords

Arterial thromboembolism, cats, coagulation, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

References

• 1. Stokol T., Brooks M., Rush J.E., Rishniw M., Erb H.: Hypercoagulability in cats with cardiomyopathy. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2008, 22(3):546-52.
• 2. Bédard C., Lanevschi-Pietersma A., Dunn M.: Evaluation of coagulation markers in the plasma of healthy cats and cats with asymptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Vet. Clin. Pathol. 2007, 36(2):167-72.
• 3. Min-Hee K., Sa-Hee M., Seung-Gon K., Chang-Min L., Hee-Myung, P.: Characteristic Clinical Features and Survival in Cats with Symptomatic Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. J. Biomed. Res. 2015, 16(4):152-158.
• 4. Engelen C., Moritz A., Barthel F., Bauer N.: Preliminary reference intervals and the impact of citrate storage time for thrombelastography in cats including delta and the velocity curve. BMC Vet. Res. 2017, 13(1):366.
• 5. Eralp O., Yilmaz Z., Failing K., Moritz A., Bauer N.: Effect of experimental endotoxemia on thrombelastography parameters, secondary and tertiary hemostasis in dogs. J. Vet. Intern. Med. 2011, 25(3):524-31.
• 6. Çöl R., Montgomery A., Iazbik M.C., Defelice A.S., Saavedra P.V., Couto G.: Whole-blood thrombelastography using calcium chloride activation in healthy cats. Turkish J. Vet. & Anim. Sci. 2013, 37(1): 68-75.
• 7. Yilmaz Z., Kocatürk M., Eralp Inan O., Levent P.: Thromboelastographic evaluation of hemostatic function in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy.Turkish J. Vet. & Anim. Sci. 2017, 41(3):372-379.
• 8. Yilmaz Z., Levent P., Saril A., Uemura A., Kocatürk M., Tanaka R.: Ventricular septal defect and pulmonic stenosis in a dog. Kafkas Univ. Vet. Fak. Derg. 2019, 25(5):729-730.
• 9. Aires R.B., Soares A.A.S.M., Gomides A.P.M., Nicola A.M., Teixeira-Carvalho A.: Thromboelastometry demonstrates endogenous coagulation activation in nonsevere and severe COVID-19 patients and has applicability as a decision algorithm for intervention. PLoS One. 2011, 17(1): e0262600.
• 10. Marschner C.B., Bjørnvad C.R., Kristensen A.T., Wiinberg B.: Thromboelastography results on citrated whole blood from clinically healthy cats depend on modes of activation. Acta Vet. Scand. 2010, 52(1):38.
• 11. Stubblefield W.B., Alves N.J., Rondina M.T., Kline J.A.: Variable Resistance to Plasminogen Activator Initiated Fibrinolysis for Intermediate-Risk Pulmonary Embolism. PLoS One. 2016, 11(2): e0148747.
• 12. Toukh M., Siemens D.R., Black A., Robb S., Leveridge M.: Thromboelastography identifies hypercoagulablilty and predicts thromboembolic complications in patients with prostate cancer. Thromb. Res. 2014, 133(1):88-95.
• 13. Liu J., Wang N., Chen Y., Lu R., Ye X.: Thrombelastography coagulation index may be a predictor of venous thromboembolism in gynecological oncology patients. J Obstet. Gynaecol. Res. 2017, 43(1): 202-210.
• 14. Pion P.D., Kittleson M.D.:Therapy for feline aortic thromboembolism. In: Kirk R.W., Editor, Kirk’s Current Veterinary Therapy. Saunders, Philadelphia, 2008, sayfa: 295–302.