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Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years

Year 2021, , 98 - 112, 31.12.2021

İnci Bahar Çınar , Gül Ayyıldız , Ahmet Emre Yaprak , Gül Nilhan Tuğ

https://doi.org/10.53803/turvehab.990370
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Salsola crassa is a halophytic plant species from the Amaranthaceae family. In this study we aimed to find out the effect of temperature, light, salinity, and age of seeds on germination ability of S. crassa. Seeds of the species were collected in 2013 and 2014, and seed wings which are known as perianth segments, were removed before the experiments. Both seeds from different years were germinated under the same conditions. Two temperature regimes at 5°C/16°C and 8°C/20°C were used under dark and daily photoperiodism at 12 h intervals for determination of the effects of temperature. Seeds were germinated under different NaCl concentrations. Seeds that did not germinate under saline conditions were taken into recovery and the viability of the seeds that did not germinate after recovery were tested with the Triphenyl Tetrazolium Chloride (TTC) test. As a result, photoperiodism positively influenced the germination rate (p<0.05) of seeds from both years. Even though an increase in salinity decreased the germination rate it can be said that S. crassa is an euhalophyte whose seeds can even germinate at 1800 mM NaCl. Although the age of seeds is an important parameter for seed germinability, there was not any statistically significant difference between the seed viability and final germination rates for the S. crassa seeds from 2013 and 2014.

Keywords

Amaranthaceae germination halophyte salinity Salsola crassa

Thanks

The authors would like to thank to Dr. İsa Başköse and Dr. Mehmet Borga Ergönül for their kind help.

References

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Farklı Yıllara Ait Salsola crassa (Amaranthaceae) Tohumlarının Çimlenmesi Üzerine Sıcaklık, Işık ve Tuzluluğun Etkileri

Year 2021, , 98 - 112, 31.12.2021

İnci Bahar Çınar , Gül Ayyıldız , Ahmet Emre Yaprak , Gül Nilhan Tuğ

https://doi.org/10.53803/turvehab.990370
Cited By: 1

Abstract

Salsola crassa, Amaranthaceae familyasından halofit bir bitkidir. Çalışmanın amacı; farklı yıllara ait S. crassa tohumlarının çimlenmesi üzerine sıcaklık, ışık, tuzluluk ve tohum yaşının etkilerinin belirlenmesidir. Bu çalışmada kullanılan tohumlar, 2013 ve 2014 yıllarında toplanmıştır ve deneysel çalışmalara başlanmadan önce periant segmentleri uzaklaştırılmıştır. Farklı yıllarda toplanmış olan bütün tohumlar aynı koşullar altında çimlendirilmiştir. Sıcaklık denemeleri için (12s/12s) 5°C/16°C ve 8°C/20°C olmak üzere iki farklı sıcaklık kullanılmıştır. Tohumlar farklı NaCl konsantrasyonlarında çimlendirilmiş ve çimlenmeyen tohumlar iyileştirilmeye alınmıştır. İyileştirme sonucunda çimlenmeyen tohumların canlılıkları TTC testi ile belirlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak; fotoperiyodizm uygulamasının daimi karanlıkla karşılaştırıldığında tohum çimlenmesi üzerinde olumlu etki yarattığı gözlenmiştir (p<0.05). Artan tuz konsantrasyonunun her iki yıla ait tohumların çimlenmesini kademeli olarak baskıladığı belirlenmiş olsa da S. crassa türünün 1800 mM NaCl çözeltisinde bile çimlenme özelliğine sahip olması, türün öhalofit olduğunu göstermektedir. Tohum yaşının tohum çimlenmesinde önemli bir parametre olduğunun bilinmesine karşın, S. crassa tohumlarında yapılan çalışmadaki bir yıllık farkın tohum canlılığı ve son çimlenme yüzdeleri bakımından istatistiksel olarak önemli bir fark yaratmadığı bulunmuştur.

Keywords

Amaranthaceae çimlenme halofit Salsola crassa tuzluluk

References

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  • Assaeed, A. (2001). Effect of temperature and water potential on germination of Salsola villosa Del. ex. Roem. Et Schult. Assiut Journal of Agricultural Science 32(2): 173−183.
  • Atia, A., Debez, A., Barhoumi, Z., Smaoui, A. & Abdelly, C. (2009). ABA, GA3, and nitrate may control seed germination of Crithmum maritimum (Apiaceae) under saline conditions. Comptes Rendus Biologies 332(8): 704–710. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crvi.2009.03.009.
  • Baskin, C.C. & Baskin, J.M. (1998). Seeds: Ecology, Biogeography and Evolution of Dormancy and Germination. Academic Press, San Diego.
  • Breen, C.M., Everson, C., & Rogers, K. (1977). Ecological studies on Sprorobolus virginicus (L.) Kunth with particular reference to salinity and inundation. Hydrobiologia 54(2): 135–140.
  • Bowers, J.E. (2000). Does Ferocactus wislizeni (Cactaceae) have a between-year seed bank? J Arid Environ 45(3): 197−205. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.2000.0642.
  • Çınar, İ.B., Ayyıldız, G., Yaprak, A.E. & Tuğ, G.N. (2016). Effect of salinity and light on germination of Salsola grandis Freitag, Vural & N.Adıgüzel (Chenopodiaceae). Commun. Fac. Sci. Univ. Ank. Series C 25(1−2): 25−32.
  • De la Barrera, E. & Nobel, P.S. (2003). Physiological ecology of seed germination for the columnar cactus Stenocereus queretaroensis. J Arid Environ 53(3): 297–306. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.2002.1050.
  • Delouche, J.C. (1976). Standardization of vigor tests. Journal of Seed Technology 1(2): 75−85.
  • De Guzman, L.E.P., Zamora, O.B., Borromeo, T.H., Sta Cruz, P. C. & Mendoza, T. (2011). Seed Viability and Vigor Testing of Jatropha curcas L. Philippine Journal of Crop Science 36(3): 10−18.
  • Dietert, M.F. & Shontz, J.P. (1978). Germination ecology of a Maryland population of saltmarsh bulrush (Scirpus robustus). Estuaries 1(3): 164–170. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/1351458.
  • El-Keblawy, A., Al-Ansari, F., Hassan, N. & Al-Shamsi, N. (2007). Salinity, temperature and light affect germination of Salsola imbricata. Seed Science and Technology 35(2): 272−281. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15258/sst.2007.35.2.03.
  • Estrelles, E., Biondi, E., Galiè, M., Mainardi, F., Hurtado, A. & Soriano, P. (2015). Aridity level, rainfall pattern and soil features as key factors in germination strategies in salt-affected plant communities. J Arid Environ 117: 1–9. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2015.02.005.
  • Flores, J., Arredondo, A. & Jurado, E. (2005). Comparative seed germination in species of Turbinicarpus: an endangered cacti genus. Natural Areas Journal 25(2): 183–187.
  • França-Neto, J. & Krzyzanowski, F. (2019). Tetrazolium: an important test for physiological seed quality evaluation. Journal of Seed Science. 41(3): 359−366. DOI: 10.1590/2317-1545v41n3223104.
  • Gomes, M.P. & Garcia, Q.S. (2013). Reactive oxygen species and seed germination. Biologia 68(3): 351−357. DOI: 10.2478/s11756-013-0161-y.
  • Grabe, D.F. (1970). Tetrazolium Testing Handbook for Agricultural Seeds. Association of Official Seed Analysts, Michigan.
  • Grabe, D.F. (1976). Manual do Teste de Tetrazólio em Sementes. DF AGIPLAN, Brasília.
  • Greenway, H. & Munns, R. (1980). Mechanisms of salt tolerance in nonhalophytes. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 31: 149−90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pp.31.060180.001053.
  • Gul, B., Ansari, R., Flowers, T.J. & Khan, M.A. (2013). Germination strategies of halophyte seeds under salinity. Environ Exp Bot 92: 4−18. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envexpbot.2012.11.006.
  • Gul, B. & Weber, D.J. (1999). Effect of salinity, light, and temperature on germination in Allenrolfea occidentalis. Can J Bot 77(2): 240−246. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b98-204.
  • Guma, I.R., Padrón-Mederos, M.A., Santos-Guerra, A. & Reyes-Betancort, J.A. (2010). Effect of temperature and salinity on germination of Salsola vermiculata L. (Chenopodiaceae) from Canary Islands. J Arid Environ 74(6): 708−711. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2009.10.001.
  • Huiskes, A.H.L., Stienstra, A.W., Koutstaal, B.P., Markusse, M.M. & Van Soelen, J. (1985). Germination ecology of Salicornia dolichostachya and S. brachystacya. Acta Bot Neerl 34(4): 369−380. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1438-8677.1985.tb01943.x.
  • Khan, M.A. & Ungar, I.A. (1984). The effect of salinity and temperature on germination of polymorphic seeds and growth of Atriplex triangularis Wild. Am J Bot 71(4): 481−489. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/j.1537-2197.1984.tb12533.x.
  • Khan, M.A. & Ungar, I.A. (1997). Effects of thermoperiod on recovery of seed germination of halophytes from saline conditions. Am J Bot 84(2): 279−283. DOI: https://doi.org/10.2307/2446089.
  • Khan, M.A. & Gul, B. (1998). High salt tolerance in germinating dimorphic seeds of Arthrocnemum indicum. International Journal of Plant Sciences 159(5): 826−832. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1086/297603.
  • Khan, M.A., Gul, B. & Weber, D.J. (2002). Seed germination in the Great Basin halophyte Salsola iberica. Can J Bot 80(6): 650−655. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/b02-046.
  • Khan, M.A., Gul, B. & Weber, D.J. (2004). Temperature and high salinity effects in germinating dimorphic seeds of Atriplex rosea. Western North American Naturalist 164(2): 193−201.
  • Mandujano, M.C., Golubov, J. & Montaña, C. (1997). Dormancy and endozoochorous dispersal of Opuntia rastrera seeds in the southern Chihuahuan Desert. J Arid Environ 36(2): 259–266. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/jare.1996.0210.
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There are 61 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Ecology
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

İnci Bahar Çınar 0000-0002-1983-0261

Gül Ayyıldız 0000-0002-1024-9964

Ahmet Emre Yaprak 0000-0001-6464-2641

Gül Nilhan Tuğ 0000-0002-2702-2387

Publication Date December 31, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021

Cite

APA Çınar, İ. B., Ayyıldız, G., Yaprak, A. E., Tuğ, G. N. (2021). Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years. Türler Ve Habitatlar, 2(2), 98-112. https://doi.org/10.53803/turvehab.990370
AMA Çınar İB, Ayyıldız G, Yaprak AE, Tuğ GN. Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years. turvehab. December 2021;2(2):98-112. doi:10.53803/turvehab.990370
Chicago Çınar, İnci Bahar, Gül Ayyıldız, Ahmet Emre Yaprak, and Gül Nilhan Tuğ. “Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola Crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years”. Türler Ve Habitatlar 2, no. 2 (December 2021): 98-112. https://doi.org/10.53803/turvehab.990370.
EndNote Çınar İB, Ayyıldız G, Yaprak AE, Tuğ GN (December 1, 2021) Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years. Türler ve Habitatlar 2 2 98–112.
IEEE İ. B. Çınar, G. Ayyıldız, A. E. Yaprak, and G. N. Tuğ, “Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years”, turvehab, vol. 2, no. 2, pp. 98–112, 2021, doi: 10.53803/turvehab.990370.
ISNAD Çınar, İnci Bahar et al. “Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola Crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years”. Türler ve Habitatlar 2/2 (December 2021), 98-112. https://doi.org/10.53803/turvehab.990370.
JAMA Çınar İB, Ayyıldız G, Yaprak AE, Tuğ GN. Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years. turvehab. 2021;2:98–112.
MLA Çınar, İnci Bahar et al. “Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola Crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years”. Türler Ve Habitatlar, vol. 2, no. 2, 2021, pp. 98-112, doi:10.53803/turvehab.990370.
Vancouver Çınar İB, Ayyıldız G, Yaprak AE, Tuğ GN. Effects of Temperature, Light and Salinity on Germination of Salsola crassa (Amaranthaceae) Seeds from Different Years. turvehab. 2021;2(2):98-112.

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https://doi.org/10.53803/turvehab.1175370