Türkiye Amphoricarpos (Asteraceae) Cinsinin Taksonomik Revizyonu

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 11 - 24, 30.06.2021

Ergin Hamzaoğlu Murat Koç

Abstract

Asteraceae familyasının Cardueae oymağında yer alan Amphoricarpos cinsi, benzer kapituluma sahip Xeranthemum, Chardinia, Siebera ve Shangwua ile birlikte “Xeranthemum grubu” olarak bilinir. Amphoricarpos türleri Balkan Yarımadasının batısında, Batı Transkafkasya’da ve Türkiye’nin güneybatısında kalker veya kalker karışımlı konglomeralar üzerinde yetişir. Balkan Yarımadasında yetişen A. neumayerianus, dağılış alanı en geniş olan türdür. İklim ve yükselti tercihi bakımından hoşgörüsü geniş olan türün gövde yapraklanma durumunda, yaprak, involukral bırakte ve akenlerinin şeklinde çok sayıda varyasyon gözlenir. Nispeten daha küçük alanlarda yetişen Batı Transkafkasya ve Türkiye türleri ise iklim ve yükselti tercihi bakımından daha dar bir hoşgörüye sahiptir. Bu türlerde genellikle bitki boyu uzunluğu, yaprak şekli ve ölçülerinde sınırlı sayıda varyasyon gözlenir. Burada Türkiye’nin güneybatısından tanımlanan Amphoricarpos exsul ve A. praedictus’a ait tip ve herbaryum örnekleri üzerinde yapılan incelemelerin sonuçları verilmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler sonucunda A. exsul ve A. praedictus örneklerinin aynı türün farklı popülasyonlarına ait bireyler olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Bu verilere dayanarak A. praedictus, daha önce yayımlanan A. exsul altında sinonim yapılmıştır. Ayrıca Amphoricarpos cinsi türleri için bir teşhis anahtarı hazırlanmış, türlerin betimlemeleri, tip resimleri, dağılışları ve habitat tercihleri verilmiştir.

Keywords

Amphoricarpos, Cardueae, polimorfizm, varyasyon, yeni sinonim

Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Amphoricarpos (Asteraceae) in Turkey

Abstract

Although the genus Amphoricarpos in the tribe Cardueae (Asteraceae) has a similar capitulum together with Xeranthemum, Chardinia, Siebera and Shangwua, it is known as the “Xeranthemum group”. The Amphoricarpos species are grown in the west of the Balkan Peninsula, in Western Transcaucasia and in the southwest of Turkey on calcareous or calcareous mixed conglomerates. A. neumayerianus, which is grown on the Balkan Peninsula, is the species that has the broadest area of distribution. The species has a broad tolerance from the aspect of preferred climate and elevation, and it is observed that there are many variations in the stem foliation, shape of leaves, involucral bracts and achenes. Whereas the species in Western Transcaucasia and Turkey, which are grown on relatively smaller areas, have a narrower tolerance from the aspect of preferred climate and elevation. Generally, in these species a limited number of variations are observed in the plant height, shape and measurement of leaves. Here the results of the examinations made on the types and herbaria specimens belonging to Amphoricarpos exsul and A. praedictus, which are described from the southwest of Turkey, were given. It was determined at the conclusion of the examinations made that the A. exsul and A. praedictus specimens were individuals belonging to different populations of the same species. Based on these data, A. praedictus was made as a synonym under A. exsul, which was published previously. Furthermore, a diagnostic key was prepared for the Amphoricarpos genus species, and the descriptions, type images, distributions and habitat preferences of the species were given.

Keywords

Amphoricarpos, Cardueae, new synonym, polymorphism, variation

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