Abstract
Persicaria amphibia is a perennial herbaceous species widely distributed in the Northern Hemisphere. Significant variation is observed in some morphological characters due to the species being found in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats. These variations by some botanists consider them as different taxa. This study aimed to present an expanded description of the taxon P. amphibia considering its aquatic and terrestrial forms, a diagnostic key, and its current distribution in Türkiye. For this purpose, 15 specimens collected from their natural habitats and stored in the Herbarium of the Department of Biology of Recep Tayyip Erdoğan University and samples from 50 populations other national herbaria were examined in detail. In aquatic P. amphibia specimens, it was observed that the ochrea was glabrous, oblong leaves, 0.4-8 cm petiole and completely glabrous. In contrast, terrestrial P. amphibia specimens have hairy ochrea, lanceolate leaves, and 0.2-2.8 cm distinctly hairy petiole. The examination showed that P. amphibia taxon of the 74 (5 of which were doubtful) different populations 61 of them aquatic, and a 5 of them terrestrial. With this study, an emended description of the P. amphibia, a diagnostic key that includes both its aquatic and terrestrial forms, and a current distribution map were also supplied.
Project Number
219Z024
References
- Agrawal, D.K. & Saxena, N.P. (2012). Anatomy of ochrea and stipule in Polygonaceae. The Journal of Indian Botanical Society 91(4): 299–309.
- Arber, A. (1920). Water Plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Atha, D.E. (2024) The Case for Recognizing Persicaria amphibia and Persicaria coccinea as Distinct Species (iNaturalist). https://www.inaturalist.org/journal/danielatha/43123-the-case-for-recognizing-Persicaria-amphibia-and-Persicaria-coccinea-as-distinct-species. 12.11.2023].
- Ballestas, G., Nobles, A., Hwang, Y., Kwak, M. & Yoo, M.J. (2024). Evolutionary unraveling: new insights into the Persicaria amphibia complex. Frontiers in Plant Science 15: 1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1408810.
- Best, E.P.H. & Dassen, J.H.A. (1987). A seasonal study of growth characteristics and levels of carbohydrates and proteins in Elodea nuttallii, Polygonum amphibium and Phragmites australis. Aquatic Botany 28: 353–372.
- Boissier, E. (1867). Flora Orientalis. Vol. 1. Apud H. Georg, Genevae and Basileae, pp. 1025−1043.
- Choi, K., Hwang, Y. & Hong, J.K. (2022). Comparative chloroplast genomics and phylogenetic analysis of Persicaria amphibia (Polygonaceae). Diversity 14(8):1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/d14080641.
- Coode, M.J.E. & Cullen, J. (1966). [Polygonum L.] In: Davis, P. H. (Ed.). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Vol 2. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 269−280.
- Esri (2014). ArcGIS Desktop: Release 10.2.2. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
- Gitsopoulos, T.K., Vasilakoglou, I. & Tsoktouridis, G. (2013). Persicaria amphibia, a serious terrestrial weed in northern Greece: a combined molecular and morphological approach to identification and taxonomy. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 27(6): 4236–4242. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5504/BBEQ.2013.0088.
- Güner, A., Karabacak, E., Çıngay, B., Eker, İ., Güneş, F., Keskin, M., Körüklü, T. & Öztekin, M. (2014). [Bitki Terimleri]. In: Güner, A (Ed.). Resimli Türkiye Florası. Cilt 1. ANG Vakfı Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayınları, İstanbul.
- Keskin, A. (2012). [Polygonum L.] In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (Eds.). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi, Damarlı Bitkiler. ANG Vakfı Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmalar Derneği Yayınları, İstanbul, pp. 758–764.
- Keskin, M. & Severoğlu, Z. (2020). The genus Persicaria (Polygonaceae) in Turkey with a new taxon record. EMU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3(2): 97–105.
- Keskin, M. & Severoğlu, Z. (2021). A new species as a member of the Flora of Turkey: Persicaria hydropiperoides (Polygonaceae). Frontiers in Life Sciences and Related Technologies 2(3): 85–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51753/flsrt.951412.
- Komarov, V.L. (1936). [Polygonum L.] In: Komarov, V.L., Grigor’ev Yu, S. (Eds.). Flora of the USSR. Vol. 5. House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, pp. 594−701.
- Lelekova, E.V. & Savinykh, N.P. (2019). Shoot formation of Persicaria amphibia (L.) Delarbre from positions of modular organization. Inland Water Biology 12: 10−17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082919050134.
- Li Anjen, L., Bojian, B., Grabovskaya-Borodina, A.E., Hong, S.P., McNeill, J., Mosyakin, S.L., Ohba, H. & Park, C.W. (2003). Polygonaceae. Flora of China 5: 277−350.
- Mitchell, R.S. (1968). Variation in the Polygonum amphibium complex and its taxonomic significance. University of California Publications in Botany 45: 1–54.
- Partridge, J.W. (2001). Persicaria amphibia (L.) Gray (Polygonum amphibium L.). Journal of Ecology 89(3): 487−501.
- POWO (2024). Plants of the World Online (POWO). Persicaria Mill. https://powo.science.kew.org/ taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60433517-2. [19.08.2024].
- URL-1 (2023). Google Earth. https://earth.google.com/web/. 18.10.2023].
- Verloove, F., Otto, R., Janssens, S., & Kim, S.T. (2021). A Cryptic Invader of the Genus Persicaria (Polygonaceae) in La Palma and Gran Canaria (Spain, Canary Islands). Diversity 13(11): 551. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/d13110551.
- Webb, D.A. & Chater, A.O. (1964). [Polygonum L.] In: Tutin, T.G., Heywood, J.H., Burger, N.A., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., Webb, D.A. (Eds.). Flora Europaea. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 76−80.
- Yıldırımlı, S. (2011). Three new species from Turkey. Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi 18(1): 1–13.
Abstract
Persicaria amphibia, kuzey yarım kürede geniş yayılış gösteren çok yıllık otsu bir türdür. Türe ait bireyler hem sucul hem de karasal habitatlarda yayılış gösterebildiği için bazı morfolojik karakterlerde önemli varyasyonlar görülmektedir. Bu varyasyonlar bazı botanikçiler tarafından farklı taksonlar şeklinde değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışma ile P. amphibia taksonunun sucul ve karasal formları dikkate alınarak genişletilmiş betimi, teşhis anahtarı ile Türkiye’deki güncel dağılımının ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır. Bu amaçla doğal habitatlarından toplanarak Recep Tayyip Erdoğan Üniversitesi Biyoloji Bölümü Herbaryumu’nda saklanan 15 örnek ile diğer ulusal herbaryumlarda bulunan 50 popülasyona ait örnekler ayrıntılı şekilde incelenmiştir. Sucul P. amphibia örneklerinde okreanın tüysüz, yaprakların dikdörtgensi, yaprak sapının 0,4−8 cm ve tamamen tüysüz olduğu, karasal P. amphibia örneklerinde ise okreanın tüylü, yaprakların mızraksı, yaprak sapının 0,2−2,8 cm ve belirgin bir şekilde tüylü olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Yapılan incelemeler P. amphibia taksonunun ülkemizden bilinen 74 (5’i teyit edilemeyen) farklı popülasyonundan 61’inin sucul ve 8’inin karasal olduğunu göstermiştir. Bu çalışma ile P. amphibia taksonunun genişletilmiş betimi, sucul ve karasal formlarını içeren bir teşhis anahtarı ve güncel yayılış haritası oluşturulmuştur.
Project Number
219Z024
References
- Agrawal, D.K. & Saxena, N.P. (2012). Anatomy of ochrea and stipule in Polygonaceae. The Journal of Indian Botanical Society 91(4): 299–309.
- Arber, A. (1920). Water Plants. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
- Atha, D.E. (2024) The Case for Recognizing Persicaria amphibia and Persicaria coccinea as Distinct Species (iNaturalist). https://www.inaturalist.org/journal/danielatha/43123-the-case-for-recognizing-Persicaria-amphibia-and-Persicaria-coccinea-as-distinct-species. 12.11.2023].
- Ballestas, G., Nobles, A., Hwang, Y., Kwak, M. & Yoo, M.J. (2024). Evolutionary unraveling: new insights into the Persicaria amphibia complex. Frontiers in Plant Science 15: 1–12. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2024.1408810.
- Best, E.P.H. & Dassen, J.H.A. (1987). A seasonal study of growth characteristics and levels of carbohydrates and proteins in Elodea nuttallii, Polygonum amphibium and Phragmites australis. Aquatic Botany 28: 353–372.
- Boissier, E. (1867). Flora Orientalis. Vol. 1. Apud H. Georg, Genevae and Basileae, pp. 1025−1043.
- Choi, K., Hwang, Y. & Hong, J.K. (2022). Comparative chloroplast genomics and phylogenetic analysis of Persicaria amphibia (Polygonaceae). Diversity 14(8):1–13. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/d14080641.
- Coode, M.J.E. & Cullen, J. (1966). [Polygonum L.] In: Davis, P. H. (Ed.). Flora of Turkey and The East Aegean Islands. Vol 2. Edinburgh University Press, Edinburgh, pp. 269−280.
- Esri (2014). ArcGIS Desktop: Release 10.2.2. Redlands, CA: Environmental Systems Research Institute.
- Gitsopoulos, T.K., Vasilakoglou, I. & Tsoktouridis, G. (2013). Persicaria amphibia, a serious terrestrial weed in northern Greece: a combined molecular and morphological approach to identification and taxonomy. Biotechnology & Biotechnological Equipment 27(6): 4236–4242. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5504/BBEQ.2013.0088.
- Güner, A., Karabacak, E., Çıngay, B., Eker, İ., Güneş, F., Keskin, M., Körüklü, T. & Öztekin, M. (2014). [Bitki Terimleri]. In: Güner, A (Ed.). Resimli Türkiye Florası. Cilt 1. ANG Vakfı Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi Yayınları, İstanbul.
- Keskin, A. (2012). [Polygonum L.] In: Güner, A., Aslan, S., Ekim, T., Vural, M. & Babaç, M.T. (Eds.). Türkiye Bitkileri Listesi, Damarlı Bitkiler. ANG Vakfı Nezahat Gökyiğit Botanik Bahçesi ve Flora Araştırmalar Derneği Yayınları, İstanbul, pp. 758–764.
- Keskin, M. & Severoğlu, Z. (2020). The genus Persicaria (Polygonaceae) in Turkey with a new taxon record. EMU Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 3(2): 97–105.
- Keskin, M. & Severoğlu, Z. (2021). A new species as a member of the Flora of Turkey: Persicaria hydropiperoides (Polygonaceae). Frontiers in Life Sciences and Related Technologies 2(3): 85–91. DOI: https://doi.org/10.51753/flsrt.951412.
- Komarov, V.L. (1936). [Polygonum L.] In: Komarov, V.L., Grigor’ev Yu, S. (Eds.). Flora of the USSR. Vol. 5. House of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, pp. 594−701.
- Lelekova, E.V. & Savinykh, N.P. (2019). Shoot formation of Persicaria amphibia (L.) Delarbre from positions of modular organization. Inland Water Biology 12: 10−17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1995082919050134.
- Li Anjen, L., Bojian, B., Grabovskaya-Borodina, A.E., Hong, S.P., McNeill, J., Mosyakin, S.L., Ohba, H. & Park, C.W. (2003). Polygonaceae. Flora of China 5: 277−350.
- Mitchell, R.S. (1968). Variation in the Polygonum amphibium complex and its taxonomic significance. University of California Publications in Botany 45: 1–54.
- Partridge, J.W. (2001). Persicaria amphibia (L.) Gray (Polygonum amphibium L.). Journal of Ecology 89(3): 487−501.
- POWO (2024). Plants of the World Online (POWO). Persicaria Mill. https://powo.science.kew.org/ taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60433517-2. [19.08.2024].
- URL-1 (2023). Google Earth. https://earth.google.com/web/. 18.10.2023].
- Verloove, F., Otto, R., Janssens, S., & Kim, S.T. (2021). A Cryptic Invader of the Genus Persicaria (Polygonaceae) in La Palma and Gran Canaria (Spain, Canary Islands). Diversity 13(11): 551. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/d13110551.
- Webb, D.A. & Chater, A.O. (1964). [Polygonum L.] In: Tutin, T.G., Heywood, J.H., Burger, N.A., Valentine, D.H., Walters, S.M., Webb, D.A. (Eds.). Flora Europaea. Vol. 4. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 76−80.
- Yıldırımlı, S. (2011). Three new species from Turkey. Ot Sistematik Botanik Dergisi 18(1): 1–13.
Details
| Primary Language | Turkish |
|---|---|
| Subjects | Botany (Other) |
| Journal Section | Research Articles |
| Authors | |
| Project Number | 219Z024 |
| Early Pub Date | October 7, 2024 |
| Publication Date | December 6, 2024 |
| Submission Date | July 19, 2024 |
| Acceptance Date | September 7, 2024 |
| Published in Issue | Year 2024 Volume: 5 Issue: 2 |
