Kuraklık Stresinin Bazı Yem Bezelyesi (Pisum sativum L.) Çeşitlerinin Çimlenme ve Fide Gelişimi Üzerine Etkisi

Öz

Kuraklık dünyayı tehdit eden küresel bir sorun haline gelmiştir. Tarımsal üretimde ciddi verim kayıplarına sebep olmaktadır. Bu araştırma Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam Üniversitesi, Ziraat Fakültesi, Tarla Bitkileri Bölümü Laboratuvarında 2019 Şubat ayında yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada Özkaynak, Violetta ve Taşkent yem bezelyesi çeşitlerinin çimlenme ve fide gelişimine dair parametreler incelenmiştir. Bu çeşitlere ait tohumlar farklı kuraklık stresi seviyeleri 0 (kontrol), -0.6, -1.7, -3.2 ve -5.3 bar kullanılarak çimlendirilmiştir. Araştırma tesadüf parselleri deneme desenine göre dört tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Gözlemler her gün aynı saatte yapılmış, radikula uzunluğu 2 mm’yi geçen tohumlar çimlenmiş olarak kabul edilmiştir. Tohumlar ışık ayarı 12 saat gündüz 12 saat gece olacak şekilde 20 ℃’ye ayarlı iklimlendirme dolabında on dört gün süreyle takip edilmiştir. Araştırmada, çeşitlerin ve farklı kuraklık seviyelerine ait ortalamaların arasındaki farklılıkların istatistiki olarak önemli çıktığı tespit edilmiş ve artan kuraklık seviyelerinin çimlenme süresini uzattığı, çimlenme indeksi ve kuraklık tolerans indeksini düşürdüğü, ayrıca fide gelişimini olumsuz yönde etkilediği saptanmıştır. Deneme sonucunda Violetta yem bezelyesi çeşidinin diğer çeşitlere oranla kuraklık stresine daha toleranslı olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

• Çimlenme
• Kuraklık
• PEG-6000
• Pisum sp.
• Tohum
• Vigor indeks

Effect of Drought Stress on Germination and Seedling Development of Some Forage Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Varieties

Abstract

Drought has become a global problem threatening the world. It causes serious yield losses in agricultural production. This study was conducted in Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Faculty of Agriculture and Department of Field Crops Laboratory in February 2019. In this study, parameters of germination and seedling development of Özkaynak, Violetta and Taşkent field pea varieties were examined. Seeds of these varieties were germinated using different drought stress levels [0 (control), -0.6, -1.7, -3.2 and -5.3 bar]. The experiment was established according to the completely randomized experimental design with four replications. Observations were made every day at the same time, seeds with radicle length exceeding 2 mm were considered germinated. Seeds were monitored for fourteen days at 20 ℃ in the air-conditioning cabinet. The germination habitat was adjusted for 12 hours of daylight and 12 hours of darkness. In the study, it was determined that the differences between the varieties and the averages of different drought levels were statistically significant and it was determined that increasing drought levels prolong the germination period, reduce the germination index and drought tolerance index, and also negatively affect seedling development. As a result of the experiment, it was observed that the Violetta forage pea variety was more tolerant of drought stress than other varieties.

Keywords

• Drought
• Germination
• PEG-6000
• Pisum sp.
• Seed
• Vigor index

Kaynakça

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