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Yarış Bisikletlerinde Kullanılan Komponentlerin Aerodinamik Açıdan İncelemesi (Yol Bisikleti Aerodinamiği)

Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 169 - 176, 30.08.2021

Abstract

Bisiklet sporuna bakıldığında, bisikletçilerin kendi arasındaki fiziksel ve psikolojik mücadelelerinin yanında aynı
zamanda kullandıkları ekipmanları ve bu ekipmanların bisikletçinin duruş pozisyonlarının iyileştirmesiyle,
bisikletle bütünleşerek yarışlarda rüzgar direncinin minimum düzeye indirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu çalışmada
yöntem olarak ilgili literatür ışığında, bisiklet sporcuların yol bisikleti yarışı içerisinde kullandıkları ekipmanlar
ve kullanılan bu ekipmanların aerodinamik olarak mümkün olan en optimize şekilde rüzgar direncini nasıl
azalttığı üzerinde yapılmış çalışmalar incelenerek derleme bir çalışma ortaya koyulmuştur. Özellikle bisikletin en
prestijli yarışlarından kabul edilen üç büyük Grand Tour, Olimpiyat Oyunları ve Dünya Şampiyonası gibi
müsabakalarda büyük hızlara çıkılması sporcunun aerodinamik açıdan mümkün olduğunca az dirence sahip olan
bisiklet ve ekipmanların kullanılmasını bir zorunluluk haline getirmiştir. Bu açıdan yarışçılara yol göstermesi
için hangi iyileştirmelerin yapılması gerekti noktasında bu çalışma oluşturulmuştur.

References

  • Alam, F., Chowdhury, H., Elmira, Z., Sayogo, A., Love, J. & Subic, A. (2010). An experimental study of thermal comfort and aerodynamic efficiency of recreational and racing bicycle helmets. Procedia Engineering 2(2), 2413–2418.
  • Alam, F., Chowdhury, H., Wei, H. Z., Mustary, I. & Zimmer, G. (2014). Aerodynamics of ribbed bicycle racing helmets. Procedia engineering, 72, 691-696.
  • Alam, F., Subic, A., Akbarzadeh, A. & Watkins, S. (2007). Effects of Venting Geometry on Thermal Comfort and Aerodynamic Efficiency of Bicycle Helmets in “The Impact of Technology on Sport II”. In: Fuss, F. K., Subic, A. Ujihashi, S. (Ed.). Taylor & Francis, UK, pp. 773–780.
  • Barry N. (2018). A New Method for Analysing the Effect of Environmental Wind on Real World Aerodynamic Performance in Cycling. Proceedings; 2(6):211.
  • Bertucci, W. M., Rogier, S., & Reiser, R. F. (2013). Evaluation of aerodynamic and rolling resistances in mountain-bike field conditions. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31, 1606– 1613. doi:10.1080/02640 414.2013.792945.
  • Bioracer, (2021). Bioracer Speedmaster, Medal Winning Technology. Http://www.bioracer.com/En/News/318/Bioracer Speedmaster - Medal - Winning - Technology. Erişim Tarihi:08.07.2021
  • Blocken, B., Defraeye, T., Koninckx, E., Carmeliet, J. & Hespel, P. (2013). CFD simulations of the aerodynamic drag of two drafting cyclists. Computers & Fluids, 71, 435- 445.
  • Brett, M., (2013). “Disc Brakes Vs. Rim Brakes: Which Are More Aero?” https://road.cc/content/feature/83327-disc-brakes-v-rim-brakes-which-are-moreaero.Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2021 Bruhwiler, P. A., Buyan, M., Huber, R., Bogerd, C. P., Sznitman, J., Graf, S. F., & Rosgent, T. (2006). Heat transfer variations of bicycle helmets. Journal of Sports Sciences 24(9), 999–1011.
  • Capelli, C., Rosa, G., Butti, F., Ferretti, G., Veicsteinas, A. & di Prampero, P. (1993) Energy cost and efficiency of riding aerodynamic bicycles. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 67 (1), 144–149.
  • Chowdhury, H., Alam, F. (2012). Bicycle aerodynamics – an experimental evaluation methodology. Sports Engineering 15(2), 73–80.
  • Chowdhury, H., Alam, F. & Subic, A. (2010). Spor tekstilinin aerodinamik performans değerlendirmesi. Procedia Mühendisliği, 2 (2), 2517-2522.
  • Coggan, A.R. (2012). Aerodynamic Testing of Bicycle Brakes. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=tr&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Coggan%2C+A.+R.+ %282012%29.+Aerodynamic+Testing+of+Bicycle+Brakes&btnG= Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2021.
  • D.J. Pons & C.L. Vaughan. (1989) “Mechanics of cycling,” Biomechanics of Sport, pp. 289–
  • Image, V. L. ve Walch, R. (2019). The “Aero-Position”: Why Cyclists Study Aerodynamics.
  • Kyle, C.R. (1989). The aerodynamics of helmets and handlebars. Cycling Science 1, 122–25.
  • Kyle, C.R. (1984). Burke, E. Improving the Racing Bicycle. Mech. Eng., 106, 34–45
  • Lukes, R. A., Chin, S. B., & Haake, S. J. (2005). The understanding and development of cycling aerodynamics. Sports engineering, 8(2), 59-74.
  • Martin, J.C., Douglas, M.L., Cobb, J.E., McFadden, K.L. & Coggan, A.R. (1998). Validation of a mathematical model for road cycling power. J. Appl. Biomech, 14, 276–291.
  • Merkes, P. F. J., Menaspà, P., & Abbiss, C. R. (2018). Reducing Aerodynamic Drag by Adopting a Novel Road Cycling Sprint Position. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 1–20. doi:10.1123/ijspp.2018-0560.
  • Oggiano, L., Leirdal, S., Saetran, L. & Ettema, G. (2008). Aerodynamic optimization and energy saving of cycling postures for international elite level cyclists. ISEA Conference, Biarritz. Oggiano, L., Leirdal, S., Sætran, L. & Ettema, G. (2008). Aerodynamic optimization and energy saving of cycling postures for international elite level cyclists. Eng. Sport, 7(1), 597-604.
  • Spurkland, L., Bardal, L. M., Sætran, L., & Oggiano, L. (2015). Low Aerodynamic Drag Suit for Cycling. In Design and Testing. Conference: International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology Support.
  • Tew, G. S., ve Sayers, A. T. (1999). Aerodynamics of yawed racing cycle wheels. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 82(1-3), 209-222.
  • Tew, G. S., ve Sayers, A. T. (1999). Aerodynamics of yawed racing cycle wheels. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 82(1-3), 209-222.
  • Wikstrom, M., (2015). What Is The Lifespan Of A Carbon Frame?, https://cyclingtips.com/2015/08/what-is-the-lifespan-of-a-carbon-frame/Erişim tarihi:09.07.2021
  • Zdravkovich, M. M. (1992). Aerodynamics of bicycle wheel and frame. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 40(1), 55-70.
Year 2021, Volume: 2 Issue: 2, 169 - 176, 30.08.2021

Abstract

References

  • Alam, F., Chowdhury, H., Elmira, Z., Sayogo, A., Love, J. & Subic, A. (2010). An experimental study of thermal comfort and aerodynamic efficiency of recreational and racing bicycle helmets. Procedia Engineering 2(2), 2413–2418.
  • Alam, F., Chowdhury, H., Wei, H. Z., Mustary, I. & Zimmer, G. (2014). Aerodynamics of ribbed bicycle racing helmets. Procedia engineering, 72, 691-696.
  • Alam, F., Subic, A., Akbarzadeh, A. & Watkins, S. (2007). Effects of Venting Geometry on Thermal Comfort and Aerodynamic Efficiency of Bicycle Helmets in “The Impact of Technology on Sport II”. In: Fuss, F. K., Subic, A. Ujihashi, S. (Ed.). Taylor & Francis, UK, pp. 773–780.
  • Barry N. (2018). A New Method for Analysing the Effect of Environmental Wind on Real World Aerodynamic Performance in Cycling. Proceedings; 2(6):211.
  • Bertucci, W. M., Rogier, S., & Reiser, R. F. (2013). Evaluation of aerodynamic and rolling resistances in mountain-bike field conditions. Journal of Sports Sciences, 31, 1606– 1613. doi:10.1080/02640 414.2013.792945.
  • Bioracer, (2021). Bioracer Speedmaster, Medal Winning Technology. Http://www.bioracer.com/En/News/318/Bioracer Speedmaster - Medal - Winning - Technology. Erişim Tarihi:08.07.2021
  • Blocken, B., Defraeye, T., Koninckx, E., Carmeliet, J. & Hespel, P. (2013). CFD simulations of the aerodynamic drag of two drafting cyclists. Computers & Fluids, 71, 435- 445.
  • Brett, M., (2013). “Disc Brakes Vs. Rim Brakes: Which Are More Aero?” https://road.cc/content/feature/83327-disc-brakes-v-rim-brakes-which-are-moreaero.Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2021 Bruhwiler, P. A., Buyan, M., Huber, R., Bogerd, C. P., Sznitman, J., Graf, S. F., & Rosgent, T. (2006). Heat transfer variations of bicycle helmets. Journal of Sports Sciences 24(9), 999–1011.
  • Capelli, C., Rosa, G., Butti, F., Ferretti, G., Veicsteinas, A. & di Prampero, P. (1993) Energy cost and efficiency of riding aerodynamic bicycles. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 67 (1), 144–149.
  • Chowdhury, H., Alam, F. (2012). Bicycle aerodynamics – an experimental evaluation methodology. Sports Engineering 15(2), 73–80.
  • Chowdhury, H., Alam, F. & Subic, A. (2010). Spor tekstilinin aerodinamik performans değerlendirmesi. Procedia Mühendisliği, 2 (2), 2517-2522.
  • Coggan, A.R. (2012). Aerodynamic Testing of Bicycle Brakes. https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=tr&as_sdt=0%2C5&q=Coggan%2C+A.+R.+ %282012%29.+Aerodynamic+Testing+of+Bicycle+Brakes&btnG= Erişim tarihi: 10.07.2021.
  • D.J. Pons & C.L. Vaughan. (1989) “Mechanics of cycling,” Biomechanics of Sport, pp. 289–
  • Image, V. L. ve Walch, R. (2019). The “Aero-Position”: Why Cyclists Study Aerodynamics.
  • Kyle, C.R. (1989). The aerodynamics of helmets and handlebars. Cycling Science 1, 122–25.
  • Kyle, C.R. (1984). Burke, E. Improving the Racing Bicycle. Mech. Eng., 106, 34–45
  • Lukes, R. A., Chin, S. B., & Haake, S. J. (2005). The understanding and development of cycling aerodynamics. Sports engineering, 8(2), 59-74.
  • Martin, J.C., Douglas, M.L., Cobb, J.E., McFadden, K.L. & Coggan, A.R. (1998). Validation of a mathematical model for road cycling power. J. Appl. Biomech, 14, 276–291.
  • Merkes, P. F. J., Menaspà, P., & Abbiss, C. R. (2018). Reducing Aerodynamic Drag by Adopting a Novel Road Cycling Sprint Position. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance, 1–20. doi:10.1123/ijspp.2018-0560.
  • Oggiano, L., Leirdal, S., Saetran, L. & Ettema, G. (2008). Aerodynamic optimization and energy saving of cycling postures for international elite level cyclists. ISEA Conference, Biarritz. Oggiano, L., Leirdal, S., Sætran, L. & Ettema, G. (2008). Aerodynamic optimization and energy saving of cycling postures for international elite level cyclists. Eng. Sport, 7(1), 597-604.
  • Spurkland, L., Bardal, L. M., Sætran, L., & Oggiano, L. (2015). Low Aerodynamic Drag Suit for Cycling. In Design and Testing. Conference: International Congress on Sport Sciences Research and Technology Support.
  • Tew, G. S., ve Sayers, A. T. (1999). Aerodynamics of yawed racing cycle wheels. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 82(1-3), 209-222.
  • Tew, G. S., ve Sayers, A. T. (1999). Aerodynamics of yawed racing cycle wheels. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 82(1-3), 209-222.
  • Wikstrom, M., (2015). What Is The Lifespan Of A Carbon Frame?, https://cyclingtips.com/2015/08/what-is-the-lifespan-of-a-carbon-frame/Erişim tarihi:09.07.2021
  • Zdravkovich, M. M. (1992). Aerodynamics of bicycle wheel and frame. Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics, 40(1), 55-70.
There are 25 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Physical Fitness
Journal Section 2021 Cilt: 2 Sayı : 2
Authors

Onur Öztürk This is me

Publication Date August 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2021 Volume: 2 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Öztürk, O. (2021). Yarış Bisikletlerinde Kullanılan Komponentlerin Aerodinamik Açıdan İncelemesi (Yol Bisikleti Aerodinamiği). Uluslararası Bozok Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 2(2), 169-176.