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Suriyeli Mülteci Krizinin Türkiye'de Sağlığa Erişim Üzerindeki Etkisi: Sentetik kontrol analizi

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 165 - 174, 25.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.20979/ueyd.1077331

Abstract

Sağlıklı bir yaşamın en kritik belirleyicilerinden biri, ihtiyaç duyulduğunda sağlık hizmetlerine erişilebilirlik düzeyidir. Literatürde karşılanmayan sağlık hizmeti ihtiyacı, “kişinin (son on iki ay içinde) tıbbi muayene veya tedavi ihtiyacı olmasına rağmen doktora başvuramaması” şeklinde tanımlanmaktadır. Karşılanamayan bir sağlık hizmeti ihtiyacının temel nedenlerinden biri, artan talep nedeniyle pahalı sağlık hizmetleri maliyetidir. Ağırlıklı olarak nüfus artışı ve göç hareketleri gibi nedenlerle talep artışları yaşanmaktadır. Türkiye, Suriye iç savaşının bir sonucu olarak geniş çaplı bir göç yaşamıştır. Afet ve Acil Durum Yönetimi Kurumu rakamlarına göre, 2018 yılı itibarıyla Türkiye, geçici koruma statüsündeki yaklaşık 3,4 milyon Suriyeli mülteciye ev sahipliği yapmaktadır. İkizler vd. (2020), bu büyük ölçekli göçün, mülteci krizinin başlangıcında karşılanmayan sağlık hizmeti ihtiyacında yaklaşık %6,3'lük bir artışa yol açtığına dikkat çekmektedir. Bununla birlikte, etki yavaş yavaş zayıflamaktadır. Bu makalede, İkizler vd. (2020) sonuçlarını sentetik kontrol yöntemini ve OECD'nin ve EUROSTAT'ın sağlık hizmetlerine ilişkin ülke düzeyindeki veri setini kullanarak desteklemeyi amaçlamaktadır. 2009 krizi kontrol edilmesine rağmen, özellikle 2009-2010 dönemi için karşılanmamış sağlık hizmeti ihtiyacı Türkiye için sentetik değerlerinin pek örtüşmediği görülmektedir. Sonuçlar, kitlesel mülteci akınının Türkiye'nin karşılanmamış sağlık hizmeti ihtiyacı üzerindeki etkisinin sona erdiğini ve çoğunlukla hükümetin sağlık yatırımlarındaki artışıyla ortadan kalktığını göstermektedir. Sonuçlar sentetik seriyi Türkiye serisinden biraz farklı kılsa da, sonuçlar sezgisel bilgiler vermektedir.

References

  • Abadie, A., and Gardeazabal, J. (2003). The economic costs of conflict: A case study of the Basque Country. American economic review, 93(1), 113-132.
  • Abadie, A., Diamond, A., and Hainmueller, J. (2010). Synthetic control methods for comparative case studies: Estimating the effect of California's tobacco control program. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 105(490), 493-505.
  • Abadie, A., Diamond, A., and Hainmueller, J. (2015). Comparative politics and the synthetic control method. American Journal of Political Science, 59(2), 495-510.
  • Adhikari, B., Duval, R., Hu, B., and Loungani, P. (2018). Can reform waves turn the tide? Some case studies using the synthetic Control Method. Open Economies Review, 29(4), 879-910.
  • Ahn, Y. H., Kim, N. H., Kim, C. B., and Ham, O. K. (2013). Factors affecting unmet healthcare needs of older people in Korea. International nursing review, 60(4), 510-519.
  • Chae, H. J., and Kim, M. (2020). Unmet healthcare needs and related factors according to gender differences in single-person households. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing, 26(1), 93-103.
  • Chongthawonsatid, S. (2021). Identification of Unmet Healthcare Needs: A National Survey in Thailand. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.
  • Chowdhury, N., Naeem, I., Ferdous, M., Chowdhury, M., Goopy, S., Rumana, N., and Turin, T. C. (2020). Unmet Healthcare Needs Among Migrant Populations in Canada: Exploring the Research Landscape Through a Systematic Integrative Review. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 1-20.
  • Connolly, S., and Wren, M. A. (2017). Unmet healthcare needs in Ireland: analysis using the EU-SILC survey. Health policy, 121(4), 434-441.
  • İkizler, H., Yüksel, E., and İkizler, H. B. (2020, December). The Impact of the Large-Scale Migration on the Unmet Healthcare Needs of the Native-born Population in a Host Country: Evidence from Turkey. In Economic Research Forum Working Papers (No. 1436).
  • Joo, J. H., Kim, H. J., Jang, J., Park, E. C., and Jang, S. I. (2020). Unmet Healthcare Needs Status and Trend of Korea in 2018. Health Policy and Management, 30(1), 120-125.
  • Levesque, J. F., Pineault, R., Robert, L., Hamel, D., Roberge, D., Kapetanakis, C., ... and Laugraud, A. (2008). Unmet health care needs: a reflection of the accessibility of primary care services. Montreal, QU: Gouvernement du Quebec.
  • Lindström, C., Rosvall, M., & Lindström, M. (2020). Unmet healthcare needs and mortality: A prospective cohort study from southern Sweden. Scandinavian journal of public health, 48(3), 267-274.
  • Nowrasteh, A., Forrester, A. C., and Blondin, C. (2020). How mass immigration affects countries with weak economic institutions: A natural experiment in Jordan. The World Bank Economic Review, 34(2), 533-549.
  • Sibley, L. M., and Glazier, R. H. (2009). Reasons for self-reported unmet healthcare needs in Canada: a population-based provincial comparison. Healthcare Policy, 5(1), 87.
  • United Nations High Commision For Refugees (UNHCR) (2016). Global trends forced displacement in 2015. https://www.unhcr.org/5943e8a34.pdf. Accessed: March 12, 2021.
  • Vuillermoz, C., Vandentorren, S., Brondeel, R., and Chauvin, P. (2017). Unmet healthcare needs in homeless women with children in the Greater Paris area in France. PloS one, 12(9), e0184138.

The impact of the Syrian Refugee Crisis on the health access in Turkiye: A synthetic control analysis

Year 2022, Volume: 8 Issue: 2, 165 - 174, 25.10.2022
https://doi.org/10.20979/ueyd.1077331

Abstract

One of the most critical determinants of a healthy life is the level of accessibility to health services when needed. The literature defines the unmet need for healthcare services as "whether the individual (in the last twelve months) cannot apply to a doctor despite the need for medical examination or treatment." One of the main reasons to cause an unmet health care need is the expensive healthcare cost due to increased demand. Mainly, there are increases in demand due to reasons such as population growth and migration movements. Turkey experienced a large-scale migration as a consequence of the Syrian civil war. Based on the Disaster and Emergency Management Agency figures, as of 2018, Turkey is home to about 3.4 million Syrian refugees under temporary protection status. İkizler et al. (2020) point out that this large-scale migration results in a nearly 6.3% increase in unmet healthcare need at the beginning of the refugee crisis. However, the effect weakens gradually. This paper aims to support the results of İkizler et al. (2020) by exploiting the synthetic control method, and OECD's and EUROSTAT's country-level data set related to health care. Even though we control for the 2009 crisis, we observe that the synthetic values of the UHCN for Turkey do not coincide well, especially for the period 2009-2010. The results suggest that the impact of the mass influx of refugees on Turkey's UHCN ceases to exist, wiped away mostly by the government's increase in health investment. Although this makes the synthetic series slightly different from Turkey's series, the results provide intuitive information.

References

  • Abadie, A., and Gardeazabal, J. (2003). The economic costs of conflict: A case study of the Basque Country. American economic review, 93(1), 113-132.
  • Abadie, A., Diamond, A., and Hainmueller, J. (2010). Synthetic control methods for comparative case studies: Estimating the effect of California's tobacco control program. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 105(490), 493-505.
  • Abadie, A., Diamond, A., and Hainmueller, J. (2015). Comparative politics and the synthetic control method. American Journal of Political Science, 59(2), 495-510.
  • Adhikari, B., Duval, R., Hu, B., and Loungani, P. (2018). Can reform waves turn the tide? Some case studies using the synthetic Control Method. Open Economies Review, 29(4), 879-910.
  • Ahn, Y. H., Kim, N. H., Kim, C. B., and Ham, O. K. (2013). Factors affecting unmet healthcare needs of older people in Korea. International nursing review, 60(4), 510-519.
  • Chae, H. J., and Kim, M. (2020). Unmet healthcare needs and related factors according to gender differences in single-person households. Korean Journal of Women Health Nursing, 26(1), 93-103.
  • Chongthawonsatid, S. (2021). Identification of Unmet Healthcare Needs: A National Survey in Thailand. Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.
  • Chowdhury, N., Naeem, I., Ferdous, M., Chowdhury, M., Goopy, S., Rumana, N., and Turin, T. C. (2020). Unmet Healthcare Needs Among Migrant Populations in Canada: Exploring the Research Landscape Through a Systematic Integrative Review. Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, 1-20.
  • Connolly, S., and Wren, M. A. (2017). Unmet healthcare needs in Ireland: analysis using the EU-SILC survey. Health policy, 121(4), 434-441.
  • İkizler, H., Yüksel, E., and İkizler, H. B. (2020, December). The Impact of the Large-Scale Migration on the Unmet Healthcare Needs of the Native-born Population in a Host Country: Evidence from Turkey. In Economic Research Forum Working Papers (No. 1436).
  • Joo, J. H., Kim, H. J., Jang, J., Park, E. C., and Jang, S. I. (2020). Unmet Healthcare Needs Status and Trend of Korea in 2018. Health Policy and Management, 30(1), 120-125.
  • Levesque, J. F., Pineault, R., Robert, L., Hamel, D., Roberge, D., Kapetanakis, C., ... and Laugraud, A. (2008). Unmet health care needs: a reflection of the accessibility of primary care services. Montreal, QU: Gouvernement du Quebec.
  • Lindström, C., Rosvall, M., & Lindström, M. (2020). Unmet healthcare needs and mortality: A prospective cohort study from southern Sweden. Scandinavian journal of public health, 48(3), 267-274.
  • Nowrasteh, A., Forrester, A. C., and Blondin, C. (2020). How mass immigration affects countries with weak economic institutions: A natural experiment in Jordan. The World Bank Economic Review, 34(2), 533-549.
  • Sibley, L. M., and Glazier, R. H. (2009). Reasons for self-reported unmet healthcare needs in Canada: a population-based provincial comparison. Healthcare Policy, 5(1), 87.
  • United Nations High Commision For Refugees (UNHCR) (2016). Global trends forced displacement in 2015. https://www.unhcr.org/5943e8a34.pdf. Accessed: March 12, 2021.
  • Vuillermoz, C., Vandentorren, S., Brondeel, R., and Chauvin, P. (2017). Unmet healthcare needs in homeless women with children in the Greater Paris area in France. PloS one, 12(9), e0184138.
There are 17 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Economics
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Hüseyin İkizler 0000-0003-4075-8206

Aslı Dolu 0000-0001-6099-8704

Emre Yüksel This is me 0000-0002-3884-6795

Early Pub Date October 8, 2022
Publication Date October 25, 2022
Submission Date February 22, 2022
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 8 Issue: 2

Cite

APA İkizler, H., Dolu, A., & Yüksel, E. (2022). The impact of the Syrian Refugee Crisis on the health access in Turkiye: A synthetic control analysis. Uluslararası Ekonomi Ve Yenilik Dergisi, 8(2), 165-174. https://doi.org/10.20979/ueyd.1077331

Uluslararası Ekonomi ve Yenilik Dergisi

Karadeniz Teknik Üniversitesi, İİBF, İktisat Bölümü, 61080, Trabzon/Türkiye

https://dergipark.org.tr/ueyd

28816

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