The Effect of Profitability and Financial Leverage on Firms' Growth and Investment Decisions: An Analysis of the Role of Exchange Rate and Inflation
Year 2025,
Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 321 - 344
Şafak Sönmez Soydaş
,
Hikmet Akyol
Abstract
This research examined the long-term effects of profitability and financial leverage on growth and investment decisions for 37 firms operating in the manufacturing industry sector in Turkey. This framework estimated the period from 2015 to 2023 using the Fully Modified Least Squares (FMOLS) estimator. The estimation results showed that the effect of financial leverage on dividend yields was positive in low quantiles and insignificant in medium and high quantiles. While the fact that firms finance their investments with low levels of borrowing and thus increase their return on equity has a positive effect on dividend yields, increased borrowing does not have any significant effect on dividend yields. The effect of the profitability ratio and the real effective exchange rate on dividend yields were positive in all quantiles. The profitability ratio shows the extent to which firms use their resources efficiently.The results revealed that increased profitability stimulated dividend yields. Similarly, positive developments in the real effective exchange rate increased dividend yields. The results showed that rising inflation in the medium and high quantiles reduced firms' dividend yields. Company managers should consider inflation and future expectations when making growth and investment decisions.
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Kârlılık ve Finansal Kaldıracın Firmaların Büyüme ve Yatırım Kararları Üzerindeki Etkisi: Döviz Kuru ve Enflasyonun Aracı Rolünün Analizi
Year 2025,
Volume: 11 Issue: 2, 321 - 344
Şafak Sönmez Soydaş
,
Hikmet Akyol
Abstract
Bu araştırma Türkiye için imalat sanayi sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 37 firma için karlılık ve finansal kaldıracın büyüme ve yatırım kararları üzerindeki uzun dönemli etkilerini incelemiştir. Bu çerçevede 2015-2023 arasındaki dönem Tamamen Değiştirilmiş En Küçük Kareler (FMOLS) tahmincisi kullanılarak tahmin edilmiştir. Tahmin sonuçları finansal kaldıracın düşük kantillerde temettü getirileri üzerindeki etkisinin pozitif, orta ve yüksek kantillerde ise önemsiz olduğunu göstermiştir. Buna göre firmaların düşük düzeylerde borçlanma ile yatırımlarını finanse etmesi ve bu sayede özkaynak kârlılığını arttırması temettü getirilerini olumlu etkilerken, artan borçlanma temettü getirileri üzerinde anlamlı herhangi bir etkiye sahip değildir. Karlılık rasyosu ve reel efektif döviz kurunun temettü getirileri üzerindeki etkisi bütün kantillerde pozitif çıkmıştır. Karlılık rasyosu, firmaların kaynaklarını ne ölçüde verimli kullandığını göstermektedir. Sonuçlar artan karlılığın temettü getirilerini teşvik ettiğini ortaya koymuştur. Benzer şekilde reel efektif döviz kurundaki olumlu gelişmeler temettü getirilerini arttırmıştır. Sonuçlar, orta ve yüksek kantillerde artan enflasyonun firmaların temettü getirilerini düşürdüğünü ortaya koymuştur. Firma yöneticileri büyüme ve yatırım kararlarını alırken enflasyon ile gelecek beklentilerini dikkate almalıdır.
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- Banerjee, S. (2017). Determinants of Dividend Policy of Listed Information Technology Companies in India. SCMS Journal of Indian Management, 14(3), 54-62.
- Barros, V., Verga Matos, P. ve Miranda Sarmento, J. (2020). What Firms Characteristics Drive the Dividend Policy? A Mixed-Method Study on the Euronext Stock Exchange. Journal of Business Research, 115, 365-377.
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- DeAngelo, H., DeAngelo, L. ve Stulz, R. M. (2006). Dividend Policy and the Earned/Contributed Capital Mix: A Test of the Life-Cycle Theory. Journal of Financial Economics, 81(2), 227-254.
- Easterbrook, F. H. (1984). Two Agency-Cost Explanations of Dividends. The American Economic Review, 74(4), 650-659.
- Farahani, H. ve Jhafari, G., M. (2014). Impact of Financial Leverage on Dividend Policy at Tehran Stock Exchange: A Case Study in Food Industry. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences: Proceedings, 2(3 (s)), pp-2788.
- Fettahoğlu, S. (2015). İşletmelerde Kâr Payı Dağıtım Politikasını Belirleyen Faktörler Üzerine Bir Araştırma. 14. Ulusal İşletmecilik Kongresi. ss. 1039-1042.
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- Gordon, M. J. (1963). Optimal Investment and Financing Policy. The Journal of Finance, 18(2), 264-272.
- Gökbulut, R. İ. (2020). Kaldıraç Oranının Temettü Politikası Üzerindeki Etkisinin BIST Şirketleri Örneğinde İncelenmesi. Finansal Araştırmalar ve Çalışmalar Dergisi, 12(22), 45–59. https://doi.org/10.14784/marufacd.728410.
- Hayati, N. (2017). Pengaruh Cash Position, Return On Asset, Return On Equity, Debt To Equity Ratio, Current Ratio, Asset Growth Terhadap Divident Payout Ratio Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri. Jurnal Ilmıah Bısnıs Dan Keuangan, 6(1).
- Hellström, G. ve Inagambaev, G. (2012). Determinants of Dividend Payout Ratios: A Study of Swedish Large and Medium Caps. Umeå School of Business and Economics. http://www.divaportal.org/smash/get/diva2:538687/fulltext02 (Erişim Tarihi: 10.01.2025).
- Hoang, V. A., Nguyen, T. H., Nguyen, M. H. ve Truong, B. T. (2024). Do Prospector Firms Pay More Dividends in Times of High Policy Uncertainty? Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2332496.
- Ismail, M. T. ve Masih, A. M. M. (2015). The İmpact of Exchange Rate Volatility on Firm Dividend Policy in Malaysia. Applied Economics Letters, 22(11), 866–871. https://doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2014.984732.
- Iqbal, Y. ve Shah, A. (2022). Macroeconomic Uncertainty and Corporate Dividend Policy: Evidence from Emerging Markets. Emerging Markets Review, 52, 100856.
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- Karataş, H. ve Aydın, A. (2022). Sermaye Yapısı ile Temettü Politikaları Arasındaki İlişki: Türkiye İmalat Sanayi Üzerine Bir Uygulama. Muhasebe ve Finansman Dergisi, 95, 123–140. https://doi.org/10.25095/mufad.1112085.
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- Kızıldağ, D. ve Özcan, Y. (2022). Finansal Oranların Temettü Dağıtımına Etkisi: BIST 100 Üzerine Bir Araştırma. Finans Ekonomi ve Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 7(1), 49–64.
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