FARKLI FOTOPERİYOTLARIN ACHROİA GRİSELLA (LEPİDOPTERA: PYRALİDAE)’NIN PUPAL PERİYOT, ERGİN ÖNCESİ TOPLAM GELİŞİM SÜRESİ VE ÖMÜR UZUNLUĞUNA ETKİSİ

Year 2018, , 63 - 72, 19.11.2018

Yeşim Koç

https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.484999

Abstract

Farklı fotoperiyotların Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera:
Pyralidae)’nın pupal periyot, ergin öncesi toplam gelişim süresi ve ömür
uzunluğuna etkisi 28±2°C ve %65±5 nispi
nem içeren laboratuvar koşullarında incelendi. Denemelerde 18 saat aydınlık; 6
saat karanlık (18A;6K), 12 saat karanlık; 12 saat aydınlık (12A;12K), 6 saat
aydınlık; 18 saat karanlık (6A;18K), devamlı aydınlık (DA) ve devamlı karanlık
(DK) olmak üzere beş farklı fotoperiyot rejimi uygulandı. Erginlerin ve
larvaların beslenmesi balsız peteklerle sağlandı. Ergin öncesi toplam
gelişim süresi en uzun DA şartlarda (49.23±3.10 gün), en kısa ise DK şartlarda
(40.26±2.79 gün) oldu. Pupal periyot süresinin DA, 18A;6K, 12A;12K, 6A;18K ve DK şartlarda
sırasıyla 7.03±0.71, 6.76±0.85, 6.83±0.74, 6.10±0.66, 6.60±0.77 gün olduğu
görüldü. En kısa pupal periyot süresi 6A;18K şartlarda olurken, en uzun pupal
periyot süresi DA şartlarda oldu. Ömür uzunluğu açısından tüm fotoperiyotlarda
erkeklerin dişilerden daha fazla yaşadığı tespit edildi. Farklı
fotoperiyotlarda erkeklerde ömür uzunluğu bütün gruplarda birbirine yakın
olurken gruplar arasındaki fark önemsiz bulundu. Dişilerdeki en kısa ömür
uzunluğunun 6A;18K ve DK şartlarda olduğu görüldü. Dişilerde genel olarak
aydınlık şartların fazla olduğu koşullarda, ömür uzunluğunun da arttığı tespit
edildi.

Keywords

Achroia grisella, Fotoperiyot, Pupal Periyot, Ömür Uzunluğu, Ergin Öncesi Toplam Gelişim Süresi

Effects of Different Photoperiods on Pupal Period, Pre-Adult Development Time and Adult Longevity of Achroia Grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)

Abstract

The
effect of different photoperiods on the pupal period, pre-adult
total developmental period and longevity of Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) was investigated at 28 ± 2°C and 65 ± 5% relative humidity. Five different photoperiod
regimens (eighteen hours of light, six hours of dark (18L;6D), twelve hours of
light, twelve hours of dark (12L;12D), six hours of light, eighteen hours of
dark (6L;18D), continuous light (CL) and continuous dark (CD)) were applied in
experimental studies. The adults and larvae were fed with combs which did not
have honey. The longest pre-adult total developmental period was obtained on CL
conditions (49.23
± 3.10 days), while the shortest pre-adult total
developmental period was with CD conditions (40.26 ± 2.79 days). Pupal period was found as 7.03 ±
0.71, 6.76 ± 0.85, 6.83 ± 0.74, 6.10 ± 0.66, and 6.60 ± 0.77 days under CL,
18L;6D, 12L;12D, 6L;18D and CD conditions, respectively. The shortest value of pupal period was on 6L;18D whereas the
longest value was with CL. In terms of longevity, males lived longer than
females under all photoperiod conditions. Male longevity was almost constant
among different photoperiod groups. The shortest longevity in females was found
under 6L;18D and CD conditions. In general, females were found to have
increased longevity under longer light conditions.

Keywords

Achroia grisella, Photoperiod, Pupal Period, Longevity, Pre-adult Total Developmental Period

References

• Ahmad, M. 1994. Biological control of Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella L. J. of Apicult. Res. Vol. 32(3), 319-323.
• Akyol, E., Korkmaz, A. 2008. Balmumu güvesi (Galleria mellonella L.) kontrolünde soğuk uygulamasının etkisi. U.Arı Drg. / U Bee J. 8: 186 -192.
• Auber L. 1960. Atlas des Coléoptères de France. Boubée, Paris.
• Aydın, Ö., Selçuk, Ö. 2012. Bal arılarında bulunan az önemli zararlı Artropodlar (Eklembacaklılar) Bölüm 1: Insecta (Böcekler). U.Arı Drg. / U Bee J. 12(2): 40-54.
• Chandel, Y. S., Sanjeev S., Verma K. S. 2003. Comparative biology of the Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella L. and Lesser Wax Moth, Achroia grisella F. Pest Manage. Econ. Zool., 11: 69-74.
• Charriere, J. D., Imdorf, A. 1999. Protection of honey combs from Wax Moth damage. Amer. Bee J.,139, 8, 627-630.
• Collins, R. D., Jang Y., Reinhold K., Greenfield M. D. 1999. Quantitative genetics of ultrasonic advertisement signaling in the Lesser Waxmoth Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Heredity 83: 644–651.
• Cremer, S., Greenfield M. D. 1998. Partitioning the components of sexual selection: attractiveness and agonistic behaviour in male Wax Moths, Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae). Ethology 104:1–9.
• Denlinger, D. L. 2002. Regulation of diapause. Annu. Rev. Entomol., 47, 93-122.
• Ellis, J. D., Graham J.R., Mortensen A. 2013. Standart methots for Wax Moth research. J. Apicult. Res., 52, 1, 1-17.
• El-Aw, M. A. 2003. Effect of host plant, photoperiod, day time, developmental stage and sex on protein patterns and esterase inhibition heads of the Cotton Leafworm Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). J. Agri. Res., 48,1, 89-52.
• Goodman, R. 2003. Wax Moth- a pest of honey bee combs and apiary products. Agri. Notes, AG1101, State of Victoria, 1-3.
• Greenfield, M. D. 1981. Moth sex pheromones: an evolutionary perspective. Florida Entomol. 64: 4–17.
• Heckford, R. J. 2017. Achroia grisella (Fabricius, 1794) (Lep.: Pyralidae): Observations on the larva and adult. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 129.
• Higaki M., Ando Y. 2003. Effects of crowding and photoperiod on wing morph and egg production in Eobiana engelhardti subtropica (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidae). Appl. Entomol. Zool. 38: 321–325.
• Gürkan, F. 1985. Galleria mellonella’nın Populasyon Dinamigi. Doktora Tezi. H. Ü.
• Hood, W. M., Horton, P. M., McCreadie, J. W. 2003. Field evaluation of the Red Imported Fire Ant (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) for the control of Wax Moths (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae) in stored honey bee comb. J. of Agri. and Urban Entomol., 20:2, 93-103.
• Hossain T., Yasmin M., Islam M.H., Islam A. T. M. F., Saifullah S. M. 2016. Effects of photoperiod on the development of Hide Beetle, Dermestes maculatus DeGeer (Coleoptera:Dermestidae). J. of Entomol. and Zool. Stud. 4(5): 672-676.
• Jang, Y., Greenfield, M. D. 2000. Quantitative genetics of female choice in an ultrasonic Pyralid Moth, Achroia grisella: variation and evolvability of preference along multiple dimensions of the male advertisement signal. Heredity 84: 73–80.
• Kryspin, I., Dutkowski, A. B., Cymborowski, B. 1974. The influence of illumination conditions on growth and development of Galleria mellonella. Bull. Acad. Pol. Sci., 22, 803-808.
• Mellini, E., Dindo, M. L. 1982. Effects of photoperiod on the immature stages of the host parasite couple Galleria mellonella L. Gonia cinerascens. Rond. Bollettino. Dell. Inst. Di. Ent. Del. Uni. Delgi. St. Bologna., 36, 114- 131.
• Mahgoub, M. O., Lau W. H., Omar D. B. 2015. Observations on the biology and larval instars discrimination of Wax Moth Achroia grisella F. (Pyralidae: Lepidoptera). J. of Entomol. 12 (1): 1-11.
• Mohammadi, D., Abad R. F. P., Rashidi M.R., Mohammadi S. A. 2010. Study of Cotton Bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera Hübner (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) using dyar's rule. Mun. Entomol. Zool., 5: 216-224.
• Morse, R. A., Nowogrodzki, R. 1990. Honeybee pests, predators, and diseases. A. I. Cornell University Pres Ithaca and London.
• Nissinen A.I., Pinto-Zevallos D.M, Jauhiainen L, Vanninen, I. 2017. The effect of photoperiod and light quality on Macrolophus pygmaeus Rambur (Hemiptera: Miridae) nymphal development, fecundity and longevity. Biol. Cont. 108, 30–39.
• Pazyuk I.M., Reznik S.Ya. 2016. Influence of photoperiod on development and maturation of Macrolophus pygmaeus (Hemiptera, Miridae). Entomol. Rev. Vol. 96, No. 3, 274–279.
• Rockstein, M., Miguel, J. 1976. The physilogy of insecta. Ed by Rockstein M., Academic Pres., New York and London, 371-478.
• Sharma, V., Mattu V.K., Thakur M.S. 2011. Infestation of Achoria grisella F. (wax moth) in honey combs of Apis mellifera L., Int. J. Sci. Nat., 2: 407-408.
• Sheeba, V., Sharma, V. K., Shubha, K., Chandrashekaran, M. K., Joshi, A. 2000. The effect of different light regimes on adult life span in Drosophila melanogaster is partly mediated through reproductive output. J. Biol. Rhythms 15, 380-392.
• Shirazi, J. 2006. Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the biological characters of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae). Pakistan J. of Biol. Sci. 9(5): 820- 824.
• Spangler, H.G., Greenfield, M.d., Takessian, A. 1984. Ultrasonic mate calling in the lesser Wax Moth. Physiol. Entomol. 9: 87–95.
• Subala S.P., Shivakumar M.S. 2017. Circadian variation affects the biology and digestive profiles of a nocturnal insect Spodoptera litura (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Biol. Rhythm Res., 48:2, 207-226.
• Tutkun E., Çakmakçı, L., Boşgelmez A. 1987. Bal arısı kolonilerinde Bacillus thurugiensis preparatlarının Büyük Mum Güvesi (G. Mellonella) larvalarına karşı kullanım olanakları üzerinde araştırmalar. TÜBİTAK, Tarım ve Ormancılık Araştırma Grubu, Tarımsal Mikrobiyoloji Ünitesi, Proje no: Tarmik 8-34 s.
• Verma, S. K. 1995. Studies on the control of Greater Wax Moth, Galleria mellonella L. in Apis cerana F. colonies with the biological insecticide, Dipel. Ind. Bee J. 57(3):121-123.
• Wang S, Tan X.L., Guo X. J., Zhang F. 2013. Effect of temperature and photoperiod on the development, reproduction, and predation of the predatory Ladybird Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) J. Econ. Entomol. 106(6): 2621-2629.
• Zerbino, M. S., Altier, N., Panizzi, A. R. 2013. Effect of photoperiod and temperature on nymphal development and adult reproduction of Piezodorus guildinii (Westwood) (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae). Florida Entomol. 96: 572–582.
• Zhou Y., Kuster H. K., Pettis J. S., Danka R. G. , Gleason J. M., Greenfield M. D. 2008. Reaction norm variants for male calling song in populations of Achroia grisella (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae): toward a resolution of the lek paradox. Evol. 62:1317–1334.
• Zhou Y., Kelly J. K., Greenfield M. D., 2011.Testing the fisherian mechanism: examining the genetic correlation between male song and female response in Wax Moths. Evol. Ecol. 25:307–329