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BAL ARISI (Apis mellifera) ZEHRİNİN ETLİK PİLİÇLERDE KULLANIMI

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 76 - 86, 19.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1016030

Abstract

Çalışmanın amacı, bal arısı (Apis mallifera) zehrinin etlik piliçlerde kullanılmasına yönelik çalışmaların sistematik derleme şeklinde incelenmesidir. Apiterapi, arı ürünleri ile alternatif tedavi yöntemi olarak tanımlanabilmektedir. Apiterapide bal, polen, propolis ve arı sütü gibi yaygın olarak bilinen ve besin olarak da tüketilen ürünlerin yanı sıra bal arısı zehri (venom) de kullanılmaktadır. Bal arısı zehri içerdiği peptidler, enzimler ve aktif aminler sayesinde özellikle kanser araştırmalarında sıklıkla incelenen bir madde olup bağışıklık sistemi üzerine önemli etkileri bulunan bir üründür. Bal arısı zehrinin antimikrobiyal ve antioksidan etkileri ile gelişim performansı ve bağışıklık sistemi üzerine etkilerini inceleyen çeşitli çalışmalar yapılmıştır. Çalışmalarda bal arısı zehri su ve yem katkı maddesi olarak veya kümes içerisine püskürtülerek kullanılmıştır. İçme suyuna eklenen bal arısı zehrinin, gelişim performansını önemli derecede etkilediği, yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanılmasının bağışıklık sistemi ve karaciğer fonksiyonlarına olumlu etkiler sağladığı ve dilüe edilmiş formunun kümes içerisine aerosol yol ile verilmesinin Salmonella gallinorum’a karşı etkili olduğu bildirilmiştir. Parenteral yollar ile uygulanan bal arısı zehri özütü, büyüme gelişme ve bağışıklık sistemi üzerinde olumlu etki göstermiştir. Bal arısı zehrinin çeşitli hayvan türlerinde yem katkı maddesi olarak kullanılmasına yönelik çalışmalar da devam etmektedir. Çalışmada, etlik piliç üretiminde bal arısı zehrinin çeşitli yaş dönemlerinde, farklı oranlarda ve farklı yöntemler ile verilmesinin etkileri incelenmiştir.

Supporting Institution

YÖK 100/2000 Doktora Burs Programı

References

  • Ağan, AF., Kekeçoğlu, M. 2020. Melittin ve Kanser Tedavisi: Nanoteknolojik Bakış Açısı (Melittin and Cancer Treatment: Nanotechnological Perspective) U. Arı. D.-U.Bee J. 20(2): 221-231.
  • Ali, AHH., Mohanny, KM. 2014. Effect of Injection with Bee Venom Extract on Productive Performance and Immune Response of Broiler Chick. J. Anim and Poultry Prod., Mansoura Univ, 5(5): 237-246. DOI: 10.21608/jappmu.2014.69561.
  • Altıntaş, L., Bektaş, N. 2019. Apiterapi: 1. Bal Arısı Zehri. Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi; 19(1): 82-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.568311.
  • Arteaga, V., Lamas, A., Regal, P., Vazquez, B., Miranda, JM., Capeda, A. et. Al. 2019. Antimicrobial Activity of Apitoxin from Apis mellifera in Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated from Poultry and its Effects on Motility, Biofilm Formation and Gene Expression. Microbial Pathogens 137: 103771. DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103771.
  • Atalayoğlu, AT., Atalayoğlu, AG. 2015. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Apiterapi. İçinde: Arı ürünleri ve Sağlık (Apiterapi), s: 24-28. Ed. Akçiçek E., Yücel B. İzmir.
  • Aydın, L., Doğanay, A., Oruç, HH., Yeşilbağ, K., Bakırcı, S., Girişkin, O. v. d. 2017. Bal Arısı Yetiştiriciliği, Ürünleri, Hastalıkları. Dora Basım Yay. Dağ. 2017; 1. Baskı; 155-190. Bektaş, N., Altıntaş, L., Tutun, H., Sevin, S. 2016. Apiterapide Arı Zehrinin Kullanımı. 5. Uluslararası Muğla Arıcılık ve Çam Balı Kongresi, 01-05 Kasım 2016, Muğla, Türkiye. P: 352-353.
  • Bellik, Y. 2015. Bee Venom: Its Potential Use in Alternative Medicine. Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Formerly? Current Medicinal Chemistry- Anti-Infective Agents). 13. 3-16. Doi: 10.2174/2211352513666150318234624.
  • Bogdanov, S. 2011. Bee Venom: Composition, Health, Medicine. A Review. Bee Prod. Sci. 1-20. www.bee-hexagon.net, 2011.
  • Bogdanov, S. 2020. Antiviral Properties of the Bee Products: A Review. Bee Product Science, www.bee-hexagon.net, 2020.
  • Choi, JH., Jang, AY., Lin, S., Lim, S., Kim, D. et. al. 2015. Melittin, A Honeybee Venom-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide, may Target Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Moleculer Medicine Reports. 12: 6483-6490. DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4275.
  • Costa, MC., Bessegatto, JA., Alfieri, AA., Weese, JS., Filho, JAB., Oba, A. 2017. Different Antibiotic Growth Promoters Induce Specific Changes in the Cecal Microbiata Membership of Broiler Chicken. PLoS ONE 12(2): e0171642. e0171642. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171642.
  • Çaprazlı, T., Kekeçoğlu, M. 2021. Bal Arısı Zehrinin Kompozisyonunu ve Üretim Miktarını Etkileyen Faktörler. U. Arı. D. 21: 132-145. DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.901279.
  • Çelik, K., Aşgun HF. 2016. Arılarla Gelen Sağlık “Apiterapi”. Erişim Adresi: http://apitherapyproject. eu/pdf/20160920/apitherapyhandbook-tr.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 21.07.2021.
  • Han, SM., Lee, KG., Yeo, JH., Oh BY., Kim, BS., Lee, W. et al. 2010. Effects of Honeybee Venom Supplementation in Drinking Water on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens. Poultry Science, 89: 2396-2400. Doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-00915.
  • Han, SM., Kim, SG., Hong, IP., Woo, SO., Jang, HR., Lee, KW. 2016. Antibacterial Effects of Purified Bee Venom Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Death Chickens. Korean J. Vet. Serv 39(3): 159-166. http://dx.doi.org/10.7853/kjvs.2016.39.3.159.
  • Hegazi, A., Abdel-Rahman, EH., Alfattah, A. 2015. Antibacterial Activity of Bee Venom Collected from Apis mellifera carniolan Pure and Hybrid Races by Two Collection Methods. Undefined. Available https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Antibacterial-Activity-of-Bee-Venom-Collected-from-Hegazi-Abdel-Rahman/92bff1e2eff3d71ca4eb0ada4876e4b68d24d3fe. (Erişim tarihi: 22.07.2021).
  • Jenkins, R., Burton, N., Cooper, R. 2011. Manuka Honey Inhibits Cell Division in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococus aureus. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 6(11): 2536-2542. DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr340 .
  • Jung, BG., Lee, JA, Park, SB., Hyun, PM, Park, JK., Suh, GH. et al. 2013). Immunoprophylactic Effects of Administering Honeybee (Apis mallifera) Venom Spray Against Salmonella gallinorum in Broiler Chicks. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 75(10): 1287-1295. DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0045.
  • Khalil, MH., Hassan ML., Elghalid, OA., Hassan, SS. 2021. The Effect of In-Ovo Injection of Bee Venom on Hathabılıty and Some Immunological Parameters of Alexandria Chick’s Strain at Hatc. Egypt. Poult. Sci. 41(1): 1-13. ISSN: 1110-5623 (Print) – 2090-0570 (Online).
  • Kim, DH., Han SM., Keum, MC., Lee, S., An, BK., Lee, SR. et al. 2018. Evaluation of Bee Venom as a Novel Feed Additive in Fast Growing Broilers. British Poultry Science, DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1476675.
  • Korkmaz, A., Korkmaz, V. 2015. Bal Arısı Zehri Üretimi ve Apiterapi. 1. Baskı. Samsun İli Arı Yetş. Bir., Samsun.
  • Lamas, A., Arteaga, V., Regal, P., Vazquez, B., Miranda, JM. et al. 2020. Antimicrobial Activity of Five Apitoxins from Apis mellifera on Two Common Foodborne Pathogens. Antibiotics, 9: 67. Doi:10.3390/antibiotics9070367. Doi:10.3390/antibiotics9070367.
  • Lee, JA., Jung, BG., Kim TH., Kim, YM., Park, MH., Hyun, PM. et al. 2014. Poly D, L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) Nanoparticle- Encapsulated Honeybee (Apis melifera) Venom Promotes Clearance of Salmonella enterica serovar Thypimurium Infection in Experimentally Challenged Pig Thruogh the Up-Regilation of T Helper type 1 Specific Immune Responses. Veterinary Immonology and Immunopathology, 161: 193-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.08.010
  • Madras-Majewska, B., Ochnio L., Ochnio, M. 2015. Use of Bee Products in Livestock Nutrition and Therapy. Med. Weter. 71(2): 94-99.
  • Marques Pereira, AF., Albano, M., Bérgamo Alves, FC., Murbach Teles Andrade, BF., Furlanetto, A., et al. 2020. Influence of Apitoxin and Melittin from Apis mellifera Bee on Staphylococcus aureus strains. Microb. Pathog. 141: 104011. Doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104011.
  • Ostroumova, OS., Efimova, SS., Malev, VV. 2015. Chapter Six Modifiers of Membrane Dipole Potentials as Tools for Investigating Ion Channel Formation and Functioning. In International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology; Jeon, KW., Ed.; Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2015; pp. 245–297.
  • Page, MJ., McKenzie, JE., Bossuyt, PM., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, TC., Mulrow, CD., et al. 2020. The PRISMA 2020 Statement: An Updated Guideline for Reporting Systematic Reviews. BMJ 2021;372:n71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71.
  • Pashei, F., Bevalian, P., Akbari, R., Bagheri, KP. 2019. Single Dose Eradication of Extensively Drug Resistant Acinobacter spp. in a Mouse Model of Burn Infection by Melittin Antimicrobial Peptide. Microbial Pathogens 127: 60-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.055.
  • Rady, I., Siddiqui, IA., Rady, M., Mukhtar, H. 2017. Mellitin, a Majör Peptide Component of Bee Venom, and its Conjugates in Cancer Therapy. Cancer Letters, 402: 16-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.010.
  • Selçuk, M., Dinç, H., Karabağ, K. 2010. Bal Arısı Zehrinin Biyokimyasal Yapısı ve Tıptaki Yeri. MYO-ÖS 2010- Ulusal Meslek Yüksekokulları Öğrenci Sempozyumu.
  • Socarras, K., Theophilus, P., Torres, J., Gupta, K., Sapi, E. 2017. Antimicrobial Activity of Bee Venom and Mellitin Against Borrelia bugdorferi. Antibiotics; 6(4): 31. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics6040031.
  • Sorucu, A. 2019. Arı Ürünleri ve Apiterapi. Veteriner Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Derneği Bülteni; 10(1): 1-15.
  • Sur Arslan, A., Birben, N., Tatlı Seven, P., Seven, İ. 2017. Arı Ürünleri ve Hayvan Beslemede Kullanımı. Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 17(2): 93-104. https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.372898.
  • Şahinler, N., Toy, NÖ., Şahinler, S. 2019. Bal Arısı Zehri ve Kullanım Alanları. 4th International Anatolian Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Biology Congress-2019.
  • Tanuğur Samanç, AE., Kekeçoğlu, M. 2021. An Evaluation of the Chemical Content and Microbiological Contamination of Anatolian Bee Venom. PLoS ONE 16(7): e0255161. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255161.
  • Topal, E., Yücel, B., Köseoğlu, M. 2015. Arı Ürünlerinin Hayvancılık Sektöründe Kullanımı. Hayvansal Üretim 56(2): 48-53.
  • Uzuner, SÇ., Birinci, E., Tetikoğlu, S., Birinci, C., Kolaylı, S. 2021. Distinct Epigenetic Reprogramming Mitochondrial Patterns, Celluler Morphology, and Cytotoxicity after Bee Venom Treatment. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 16(3): 377-392.

Using of Honeybee (Apis mellifera) Venom in Broiler Breeding

Year 2022, Volume: 22 Issue: 1, 76 - 86, 19.05.2022
https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1016030

Abstract

The aim of the study is to examine the studies on the use of honey bee venom (Apis mellifera) in broiler chickens in the form of a systematic review. Apitherapy can be defined as an alternative treatment method using bee products. Bee venom (apitoxin) is used in apitherapy as well as commonly known and consumed products such as honey, pollen, propolis and royal jelly. Thanks to the peptides, enzymes and active amines it contains, bee venom is a substance that is frequently studied in cancer research and a product that has important effects on the immune system. Several studies have been conducted on the antimicrobial and antioxidant effects of bee venom, as well as its effects on developmental performance. In the studies, honey bee venom was used as a water and feed additive or by spraying in the hive. Honey bee venom added to drinking water was reported to significantly affect growth performance, its use as a feed additive had beneficial effects on immune system and liver functions, and its diluted form was effective against Salmonella gallinorum when sprayed into the pen by aerosol. Administration of honey bee venom extract to day-old chicks has a positive effect on growth, development and immune system. Studies on the use of honey bee venom as a feed additive in different animal species are also continuing. In this study, the effects of adding honey bee venom at different ages, in different ratios and in different ways in broiler production were investigated.

References

  • Ağan, AF., Kekeçoğlu, M. 2020. Melittin ve Kanser Tedavisi: Nanoteknolojik Bakış Açısı (Melittin and Cancer Treatment: Nanotechnological Perspective) U. Arı. D.-U.Bee J. 20(2): 221-231.
  • Ali, AHH., Mohanny, KM. 2014. Effect of Injection with Bee Venom Extract on Productive Performance and Immune Response of Broiler Chick. J. Anim and Poultry Prod., Mansoura Univ, 5(5): 237-246. DOI: 10.21608/jappmu.2014.69561.
  • Altıntaş, L., Bektaş, N. 2019. Apiterapi: 1. Bal Arısı Zehri. Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi; 19(1): 82-95. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.568311.
  • Arteaga, V., Lamas, A., Regal, P., Vazquez, B., Miranda, JM., Capeda, A. et. Al. 2019. Antimicrobial Activity of Apitoxin from Apis mellifera in Salmonella enterica Strains Isolated from Poultry and its Effects on Motility, Biofilm Formation and Gene Expression. Microbial Pathogens 137: 103771. DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2019.103771.
  • Atalayoğlu, AT., Atalayoğlu, AG. 2015. Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Apiterapi. İçinde: Arı ürünleri ve Sağlık (Apiterapi), s: 24-28. Ed. Akçiçek E., Yücel B. İzmir.
  • Aydın, L., Doğanay, A., Oruç, HH., Yeşilbağ, K., Bakırcı, S., Girişkin, O. v. d. 2017. Bal Arısı Yetiştiriciliği, Ürünleri, Hastalıkları. Dora Basım Yay. Dağ. 2017; 1. Baskı; 155-190. Bektaş, N., Altıntaş, L., Tutun, H., Sevin, S. 2016. Apiterapide Arı Zehrinin Kullanımı. 5. Uluslararası Muğla Arıcılık ve Çam Balı Kongresi, 01-05 Kasım 2016, Muğla, Türkiye. P: 352-353.
  • Bellik, Y. 2015. Bee Venom: Its Potential Use in Alternative Medicine. Anti-Infective Agents in Medicinal Chemistry (Formerly? Current Medicinal Chemistry- Anti-Infective Agents). 13. 3-16. Doi: 10.2174/2211352513666150318234624.
  • Bogdanov, S. 2011. Bee Venom: Composition, Health, Medicine. A Review. Bee Prod. Sci. 1-20. www.bee-hexagon.net, 2011.
  • Bogdanov, S. 2020. Antiviral Properties of the Bee Products: A Review. Bee Product Science, www.bee-hexagon.net, 2020.
  • Choi, JH., Jang, AY., Lin, S., Lim, S., Kim, D. et. al. 2015. Melittin, A Honeybee Venom-Derived Antimicrobial Peptide, may Target Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Moleculer Medicine Reports. 12: 6483-6490. DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4275.
  • Costa, MC., Bessegatto, JA., Alfieri, AA., Weese, JS., Filho, JAB., Oba, A. 2017. Different Antibiotic Growth Promoters Induce Specific Changes in the Cecal Microbiata Membership of Broiler Chicken. PLoS ONE 12(2): e0171642. e0171642. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0171642.
  • Çaprazlı, T., Kekeçoğlu, M. 2021. Bal Arısı Zehrinin Kompozisyonunu ve Üretim Miktarını Etkileyen Faktörler. U. Arı. D. 21: 132-145. DOI: 10.31467/uluaricilik.901279.
  • Çelik, K., Aşgun HF. 2016. Arılarla Gelen Sağlık “Apiterapi”. Erişim Adresi: http://apitherapyproject. eu/pdf/20160920/apitherapyhandbook-tr.pdf. Erişim Tarihi: 21.07.2021.
  • Han, SM., Lee, KG., Yeo, JH., Oh BY., Kim, BS., Lee, W. et al. 2010. Effects of Honeybee Venom Supplementation in Drinking Water on Growth Performance of Broiler Chickens. Poultry Science, 89: 2396-2400. Doi: 10.3382/ps.2010-00915.
  • Han, SM., Kim, SG., Hong, IP., Woo, SO., Jang, HR., Lee, KW. 2016. Antibacterial Effects of Purified Bee Venom Against Some Pathogenic Bacteria Isolated from Death Chickens. Korean J. Vet. Serv 39(3): 159-166. http://dx.doi.org/10.7853/kjvs.2016.39.3.159.
  • Hegazi, A., Abdel-Rahman, EH., Alfattah, A. 2015. Antibacterial Activity of Bee Venom Collected from Apis mellifera carniolan Pure and Hybrid Races by Two Collection Methods. Undefined. Available https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Antibacterial-Activity-of-Bee-Venom-Collected-from-Hegazi-Abdel-Rahman/92bff1e2eff3d71ca4eb0ada4876e4b68d24d3fe. (Erişim tarihi: 22.07.2021).
  • Jenkins, R., Burton, N., Cooper, R. 2011. Manuka Honey Inhibits Cell Division in Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococus aureus. Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 6(11): 2536-2542. DOI: 10.1093/jac/dkr340 .
  • Jung, BG., Lee, JA, Park, SB., Hyun, PM, Park, JK., Suh, GH. et al. 2013). Immunoprophylactic Effects of Administering Honeybee (Apis mallifera) Venom Spray Against Salmonella gallinorum in Broiler Chicks. J. Vet. Med. Sci. 75(10): 1287-1295. DOI: 10.1292/jvms.13-0045.
  • Khalil, MH., Hassan ML., Elghalid, OA., Hassan, SS. 2021. The Effect of In-Ovo Injection of Bee Venom on Hathabılıty and Some Immunological Parameters of Alexandria Chick’s Strain at Hatc. Egypt. Poult. Sci. 41(1): 1-13. ISSN: 1110-5623 (Print) – 2090-0570 (Online).
  • Kim, DH., Han SM., Keum, MC., Lee, S., An, BK., Lee, SR. et al. 2018. Evaluation of Bee Venom as a Novel Feed Additive in Fast Growing Broilers. British Poultry Science, DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2018.1476675.
  • Korkmaz, A., Korkmaz, V. 2015. Bal Arısı Zehri Üretimi ve Apiterapi. 1. Baskı. Samsun İli Arı Yetş. Bir., Samsun.
  • Lamas, A., Arteaga, V., Regal, P., Vazquez, B., Miranda, JM. et al. 2020. Antimicrobial Activity of Five Apitoxins from Apis mellifera on Two Common Foodborne Pathogens. Antibiotics, 9: 67. Doi:10.3390/antibiotics9070367. Doi:10.3390/antibiotics9070367.
  • Lee, JA., Jung, BG., Kim TH., Kim, YM., Park, MH., Hyun, PM. et al. 2014. Poly D, L-lactide-co-glycolide (PLGA) Nanoparticle- Encapsulated Honeybee (Apis melifera) Venom Promotes Clearance of Salmonella enterica serovar Thypimurium Infection in Experimentally Challenged Pig Thruogh the Up-Regilation of T Helper type 1 Specific Immune Responses. Veterinary Immonology and Immunopathology, 161: 193-204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetimm.2014.08.010
  • Madras-Majewska, B., Ochnio L., Ochnio, M. 2015. Use of Bee Products in Livestock Nutrition and Therapy. Med. Weter. 71(2): 94-99.
  • Marques Pereira, AF., Albano, M., Bérgamo Alves, FC., Murbach Teles Andrade, BF., Furlanetto, A., et al. 2020. Influence of Apitoxin and Melittin from Apis mellifera Bee on Staphylococcus aureus strains. Microb. Pathog. 141: 104011. Doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104011.
  • Ostroumova, OS., Efimova, SS., Malev, VV. 2015. Chapter Six Modifiers of Membrane Dipole Potentials as Tools for Investigating Ion Channel Formation and Functioning. In International Review of Cell and Molecular Biology; Jeon, KW., Ed.; Academic Press: Cambridge, MA, USA, 2015; pp. 245–297.
  • Page, MJ., McKenzie, JE., Bossuyt, PM., Boutron, I., Hoffmann, TC., Mulrow, CD., et al. 2020. The PRISMA 2020 Statement: An Updated Guideline for Reporting Systematic Reviews. BMJ 2021;372:n71. doi: 10.1136/bmj.n71.
  • Pashei, F., Bevalian, P., Akbari, R., Bagheri, KP. 2019. Single Dose Eradication of Extensively Drug Resistant Acinobacter spp. in a Mouse Model of Burn Infection by Melittin Antimicrobial Peptide. Microbial Pathogens 127: 60-69. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2018.11.055.
  • Rady, I., Siddiqui, IA., Rady, M., Mukhtar, H. 2017. Mellitin, a Majör Peptide Component of Bee Venom, and its Conjugates in Cancer Therapy. Cancer Letters, 402: 16-31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.canlet.2017.05.010.
  • Selçuk, M., Dinç, H., Karabağ, K. 2010. Bal Arısı Zehrinin Biyokimyasal Yapısı ve Tıptaki Yeri. MYO-ÖS 2010- Ulusal Meslek Yüksekokulları Öğrenci Sempozyumu.
  • Socarras, K., Theophilus, P., Torres, J., Gupta, K., Sapi, E. 2017. Antimicrobial Activity of Bee Venom and Mellitin Against Borrelia bugdorferi. Antibiotics; 6(4): 31. DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics6040031.
  • Sorucu, A. 2019. Arı Ürünleri ve Apiterapi. Veteriner Farmakoloji ve Toksikoloji Derneği Bülteni; 10(1): 1-15.
  • Sur Arslan, A., Birben, N., Tatlı Seven, P., Seven, İ. 2017. Arı Ürünleri ve Hayvan Beslemede Kullanımı. Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 17(2): 93-104. https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.372898.
  • Şahinler, N., Toy, NÖ., Şahinler, S. 2019. Bal Arısı Zehri ve Kullanım Alanları. 4th International Anatolian Agriculture, Food, Environment, and Biology Congress-2019.
  • Tanuğur Samanç, AE., Kekeçoğlu, M. 2021. An Evaluation of the Chemical Content and Microbiological Contamination of Anatolian Bee Venom. PLoS ONE 16(7): e0255161. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255161.
  • Topal, E., Yücel, B., Köseoğlu, M. 2015. Arı Ürünlerinin Hayvancılık Sektöründe Kullanımı. Hayvansal Üretim 56(2): 48-53.
  • Uzuner, SÇ., Birinci, E., Tetikoğlu, S., Birinci, C., Kolaylı, S. 2021. Distinct Epigenetic Reprogramming Mitochondrial Patterns, Celluler Morphology, and Cytotoxicity after Bee Venom Treatment. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov. 16(3): 377-392.
There are 37 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language Turkish
Subjects Veterinary Surgery
Journal Section Review
Authors

Erva Eser 0000-0002-9827-6288

Serkan Erat 0000-0002-9549-8694

Publication Date May 19, 2022
Acceptance Date November 30, 2021
Published in Issue Year 2022 Volume: 22 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Eser E, Erat S. BAL ARISI (Apis mellifera) ZEHRİNİN ETLİK PİLİÇLERDE KULLANIMI. U. Arı. D.-U. Bee J. 2022;22(1):76-8.

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