Bal Arısı Kolonilerinde (Apis mellifera L.) Varroa Destructor Bulaşıklığı Üzerine Akarisitlerin Etkisi ve Hipofaringeal Glandlar Üzerindeki Histolojik Etkileri

Year 2024, Volume: 24 Issue: 1, 53 - 63, 29.05.2024

Rasha A. Salem Hashish M. El-sayıed Abdulraouf Amro Asmaa Abd Alla

https://doi.org/10.31467/uluaricilik.1410005

Abstract

Bu çalışma, bal arılarının (Apis mellifera L.) Hipofaringeal Bezleri (HPG'ler) üzerinde Varroa destructor'u kontrol etmek için Mısır'da en yaygın olarak kullanılan bazı akarisitlerin rastgele rolünü belirlemeyi amaçlamıştır. Bu çalışmada kullanılan akarisitler Varroakiller®, Menthocaros®, Amitraz®, Varroby® ve formik asittir. Sonuçlar, düşen toplam akar sayısının kontrol grubundaki 16 akara kıyasla Varroakiller®, Menthocaros®, Amitraz®, Varroby® ve formik asit için sırasıyla 53,5, 47, 28,6, 26 ve 24,5 olduğunu göstermiştir. Kapalı işçi kuluçka alanları (SWBA) için, uygulamalar Varroakiller® (129,125 in2), formik asit (90,125 in2), Varroby® (87,50 in2), Menthocaros® (51,07 in2) ve Amitraz® (40,05 in2) içerirken, kontrol kolonileri için SWBA 17,65 in2 olarak belirlenmiştir. HPG'lerin histolojik çalışmaları, Varroakiller®'in Varroa akarlarını etkili bir şekilde kontrol etmesine ve işçi arılar veya yumurtlama alanları üzerinde doğrudan bir etkisi olmamasına rağmen, sonuçta arı kolonisini etkileyebilecek olan HPG'leri önemli ölçüde etkilediğini göstermiştir. Dahası, formik asit yumurta bırakma alanları ve kapalı işçiler için kabul edilebilir sonuçlarla birlikte daha düşük sayıda düşen Varroa kaydetmiştir. Bu durum, formik asidin kısa süredeki etkinliği nedeniyle en önemli olarak kabul edilmesiyle birleştiğinde, 24 gün sonra %100'lük bir azalma yüzdesi ile sonuçlanmıştır.

Keywords

Akarisitler, Amitraz®, Varroby®, Formik asit, Hipofaringeal bezler

IMPACT OF ACARICIDES ON VARROA DESTRUCTOR INFESTATION IN HONEY BEE COLONIES (Apis mellifera L.) AND THEIR HISTOLOGICAL EFFECTS ON HYPOPHARYNGEAL GLANDS

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the random role of some acaricides, which are the most commonly used in Egypt for controlling Varroa destructor on Hypopharyngeal Glands (HPGs) of honey bees (Apis mellifera L.). The acaricides used in this study were Varroakiller®, Menthocaros®, Amitraz®, Varroby®, and formic acid. Results showed that the total number of fallen mites was 53.5, 47, 28.6, 26, and 24.5 for Varroakiller®, Menthocaros®, Amitraz®, Varroby®, and formic acid, respectively, compared to 16 mites in the control group. For sealed worker brood areas (SWBA), the treatments included Varroakiller® (327.98 cm2), formic acid (228.92 cm2), Varroby® (222.25 cm2), Menthocaros® (129.72 cm2), and Amitraz® (101.73 cm2), while the SWBA for control colonies was 44.83 cm2. Histological studies of the HPGs showed that although Varroakiller® effectively controlled Varroa mites and had no direct impact on worker bees or egg-laying areas, it considerably impacted the HPGs, which could ultimately affect the bee colony. Moreover, formic acid recorded a lower number of fallen Varroa with acceptable outcomes for egg-laying areas and sealed workers. This, coupled with the fact that formic acid was deemed the most significant due to its effectiveness over a short period, resulted in a reduction of 100% after 24 days.

Keywords

Acaricides, Amitraz®, Varroby®, Formic acid, Hypopharyngeal glands

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