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Domestic Violence and Related Factors During Pregnancy

Year 2016, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 12 - 19, 01.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.5455/umj.20151222120903

Abstract

Introduction: This study was aimed to reveal violence, the risk factors during pregnancy, and to compare it with pre-pregnancy preiod. Method: This descriptive study was conducted in a maternity polyclinic in a Government Hospital during May 2012. We interviewed interviewed by face-to-face method with 109 volunteer women. The data was evaluated by using Chi-Square and Fisher’s Exact Tests. Results: The 62.4% of women stated that they were exposed to violence during this pregnancy. Verbal violence was the most frequent kind in pregnant women. Physical violence was found in 29.4% of the women. The factors affecting this violence during pregnancy have been found to be; the spouses’ educational level, number of children, the presence of violence before pregnancy and the presence of violence in the spouses’ past lives. Conclusion: The results from our study verified that violence was a quite common issue in pregnancy and pregnancy was’nt a barrier for domestic violence. Therefore, during antenatal follows counselling services should be given carefully to screen violence.

References

  • Baddour World Health Organization. Women and health: Today's evidence tomorrow's agenda 2009. (http://www. who.int/gender/ women_health_report).
  • World Health Organization. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Information sheet (http://whqlibdoc. who.int/hq/ 2011/ WHO_RHR_11.35_eng.pdf ).
  • Valladares E, Pena R, Persson LA, Högberg U. Violence against pregnant women: prevalence and characteristics. A population-based study in Nicaragua. BJOG 2005; 112: 1243–1248.
  • Perales MT, Cripe SM, Lam N, Sanchez SE, Sanchez E, Williams MA. Prevalence, Types, and Pattern of Intimate Partner Violence among Pregnant Women in Lima, Peru. Violence Against Women 2009; 15 (2): 224-250.
  • Nasir K, Hyder AA. Violence against pregnant women in developing countries. European J of Public Health 2003; 13:105-107.
  • McMahon S, Armstrong DY. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy: best practices for social workers. Health Soc Work. 2012;37(1):9-17.
  • Bailey BA. Partner violence during pregnancy: prevalence, effects, screening, and management. Int J Womens Health 2010; 9: 183–197.
  • Tiwari A, Chan KL, et al. The impact of psychological abuse by an intimate partner on the mental health of pregnant women. BJOG 2008;115:377–384.
  • Ibiloglu Okan A. Aile ici siddet. Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2012; 4(2):204-222.
  • Ahmed S, Koenig MA, Stephenson R. Effects of domestic violence on perinatal and early-childhood mortality: Evidence from north India. Am J Public Health 2006; 96: 1423–1428.
  • Boy A, Salihu HM. Intimate partner violence and birth outcomes: A systematic review. Int J Fertil Womens Med 2004;49: 159– 164.
  • Jasinski JL. Pregnancy and Domestic Violence: A Review of the literature. Trauma Violence Abuse 2004;5: 47-64.
  • Ramsay J, Rutterford C, Gregory A, et al. Domestic violence: knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice of selected UK primary healthcare clinicians. Br Jen Gen 2012; 62: 647-655.
  • Martin SL, Harris-Britt A, Li Y, Moracco KE, Kupper LL, Campbell JC. Changes in intimate partner violence during pregnancy. J Fam Violence 2004;19: 201-210.
  • Ayrancı U, Gunay Y, Unluoglu I. Spouse violence during pregnancy: a research among women attending to primary health care. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2002;3: 75-87.
  • Ergonen AT, Ozdemir MH, Can IO, et al. Domestic violence on pregnant women in Turkey. J Forensic Leg Med 2009;16: 125-129.
  • Arslantas H, Adana F, Ergin F, Gey N, Bicer N, Kiransal N. Domestic violence during pregnancy in an eastern city of Turkey: a field study. Interpers Violence 2012;27:1293-313. 18. Deveci SE, Acik Y, Gulbayrak C, Tokdemir M, Ayar A. Prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy in a Turkish community. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2007;38: 754-60.
  • Karaoglu L, Celbis O, Ercan C, et al. Physical, emotional and sexual violence during pregnancy in Malatya, Turkey. Eur J Public Health 2005;16: 149–156.
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Research on Domestic Violence Against Women in Turkey 2009 (http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/TKAA2008- AnaRapor.pdf)
  • The Official Journal of Turkey. The Law on family protection and prevention of domestic violence against women. ( http: //www. resmigazete. gov.tr //2012/03/ 20120320-16.htm).
  • Karal D, Aydemir E. Violence to women in Turkey. (Report No: 12-01). Location: International Strategic Research Organization. USAK Publisher, 2012.
  • Iliyasu Z, Abubakar IS, Galadanci HS, Hayatu Z, Aliyu MH. Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence among pregnant women in Northern Nigeria. J Interpers Violence 2012; 28: 868-883.
  • Daoud N, Urquia ML, O' Campo P, et al. Prevalence of abuse and violence before, during, and after pregnancy in a national sample of Canadian women. Am J Public Health 2012;102:1893-901.
  • Makayoto LA, Omolo J, Kamweya AM. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Women Attending Kisumu District Hospital, Kenya. Matern Child Health J 2013; 17: 441-447.
  • Salazar-Pousada D, Astudillo C, Gonzaga M, Hidalgo L, Pérez-López FR, Chedraui P. Intimate partner violence and psychoemotional disturbance among pregnant women admitted to hospital with prenatal complications. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012; 118:194-197.
  • Devries KM, et al. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy: analysis of prevalence data from 19 countries. Reproductive Health Matters 2010; 18: 158–170.
  • Kiely M, El-Mohandes A, El-Khorazaty MN, Gantz MG. An integrated intervention to reduce intimate partner violence in pregnancy: A randomized trial. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 115: 273–283.
  • Helmuth JC, Gordon KC, Stuart GL, Moore TM. Women’s intimate partner violence perpetration during pregnancy and postpartum. Matern Child Health J 2013;17: 1405-13.
  • Giray H, Keskinoglu P, Sonmez Y, et al. Domestic violence and associations during pregnancy. Sted 2005; 14: 217-220. 31. Efe S & Ayaz S. Domestic violence against women and women's opinions related to domestic violence. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2010; 11: 23-29.
  • Castro R, Peek-Asa C, Ruiz A. Violence against women in Mexico: A study of abuse before and during pregnancy. Am J Public Health 2003; 93: 1110–1116.
  • Silva EP, Ludermir AB, Barreto de Araşjo TV, Valongueiro SA. Frequency and pattern of intimate partner violence before, during and after pregnancy. Rev Saşde Pşblica 2011; 45: 1-9.
  • Guler N. Physical, emotional, sexual, and economic violence by spouse during pregnancy and associated factors. Nursing School Education Journal 2010;3:72-77.
  • Sir A, Kaya CM, Bez Y. Society, family and violence. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry- Special Topics 2011; 4: 26-31.
  • Lau Y. Influence of intimate partner violence during pregnancy and early postpartum depressive symptoms on breastfeeding among chinese women in Hong Kong. J Midwifery Womens Health 2007; 52: 15–20.
Year 2016, Volume: 2 Issue: 1, 12 - 19, 01.01.2016
https://doi.org/10.5455/umj.20151222120903

Abstract

References

  • Baddour World Health Organization. Women and health: Today's evidence tomorrow's agenda 2009. (http://www. who.int/gender/ women_health_report).
  • World Health Organization. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy. Information sheet (http://whqlibdoc. who.int/hq/ 2011/ WHO_RHR_11.35_eng.pdf ).
  • Valladares E, Pena R, Persson LA, Högberg U. Violence against pregnant women: prevalence and characteristics. A population-based study in Nicaragua. BJOG 2005; 112: 1243–1248.
  • Perales MT, Cripe SM, Lam N, Sanchez SE, Sanchez E, Williams MA. Prevalence, Types, and Pattern of Intimate Partner Violence among Pregnant Women in Lima, Peru. Violence Against Women 2009; 15 (2): 224-250.
  • Nasir K, Hyder AA. Violence against pregnant women in developing countries. European J of Public Health 2003; 13:105-107.
  • McMahon S, Armstrong DY. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy: best practices for social workers. Health Soc Work. 2012;37(1):9-17.
  • Bailey BA. Partner violence during pregnancy: prevalence, effects, screening, and management. Int J Womens Health 2010; 9: 183–197.
  • Tiwari A, Chan KL, et al. The impact of psychological abuse by an intimate partner on the mental health of pregnant women. BJOG 2008;115:377–384.
  • Ibiloglu Okan A. Aile ici siddet. Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2012; 4(2):204-222.
  • Ahmed S, Koenig MA, Stephenson R. Effects of domestic violence on perinatal and early-childhood mortality: Evidence from north India. Am J Public Health 2006; 96: 1423–1428.
  • Boy A, Salihu HM. Intimate partner violence and birth outcomes: A systematic review. Int J Fertil Womens Med 2004;49: 159– 164.
  • Jasinski JL. Pregnancy and Domestic Violence: A Review of the literature. Trauma Violence Abuse 2004;5: 47-64.
  • Ramsay J, Rutterford C, Gregory A, et al. Domestic violence: knowledge, attitudes, and clinical practice of selected UK primary healthcare clinicians. Br Jen Gen 2012; 62: 647-655.
  • Martin SL, Harris-Britt A, Li Y, Moracco KE, Kupper LL, Campbell JC. Changes in intimate partner violence during pregnancy. J Fam Violence 2004;19: 201-210.
  • Ayrancı U, Gunay Y, Unluoglu I. Spouse violence during pregnancy: a research among women attending to primary health care. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2002;3: 75-87.
  • Ergonen AT, Ozdemir MH, Can IO, et al. Domestic violence on pregnant women in Turkey. J Forensic Leg Med 2009;16: 125-129.
  • Arslantas H, Adana F, Ergin F, Gey N, Bicer N, Kiransal N. Domestic violence during pregnancy in an eastern city of Turkey: a field study. Interpers Violence 2012;27:1293-313. 18. Deveci SE, Acik Y, Gulbayrak C, Tokdemir M, Ayar A. Prevalence of domestic violence during pregnancy in a Turkish community. Southeast Asian J Trop Med Public Health 2007;38: 754-60.
  • Karaoglu L, Celbis O, Ercan C, et al. Physical, emotional and sexual violence during pregnancy in Malatya, Turkey. Eur J Public Health 2005;16: 149–156.
  • Hacettepe University Institute of Population Studies. Research on Domestic Violence Against Women in Turkey 2009 (http://www.hips.hacettepe.edu.tr/TKAA2008- AnaRapor.pdf)
  • The Official Journal of Turkey. The Law on family protection and prevention of domestic violence against women. ( http: //www. resmigazete. gov.tr //2012/03/ 20120320-16.htm).
  • Karal D, Aydemir E. Violence to women in Turkey. (Report No: 12-01). Location: International Strategic Research Organization. USAK Publisher, 2012.
  • Iliyasu Z, Abubakar IS, Galadanci HS, Hayatu Z, Aliyu MH. Prevalence and risk factors for domestic violence among pregnant women in Northern Nigeria. J Interpers Violence 2012; 28: 868-883.
  • Daoud N, Urquia ML, O' Campo P, et al. Prevalence of abuse and violence before, during, and after pregnancy in a national sample of Canadian women. Am J Public Health 2012;102:1893-901.
  • Makayoto LA, Omolo J, Kamweya AM. Prevalence and Associated Factors of Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant Women Attending Kisumu District Hospital, Kenya. Matern Child Health J 2013; 17: 441-447.
  • Salazar-Pousada D, Astudillo C, Gonzaga M, Hidalgo L, Pérez-López FR, Chedraui P. Intimate partner violence and psychoemotional disturbance among pregnant women admitted to hospital with prenatal complications. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2012; 118:194-197.
  • Devries KM, et al. Intimate partner violence during pregnancy: analysis of prevalence data from 19 countries. Reproductive Health Matters 2010; 18: 158–170.
  • Kiely M, El-Mohandes A, El-Khorazaty MN, Gantz MG. An integrated intervention to reduce intimate partner violence in pregnancy: A randomized trial. Obstet Gynecol 2010; 115: 273–283.
  • Helmuth JC, Gordon KC, Stuart GL, Moore TM. Women’s intimate partner violence perpetration during pregnancy and postpartum. Matern Child Health J 2013;17: 1405-13.
  • Giray H, Keskinoglu P, Sonmez Y, et al. Domestic violence and associations during pregnancy. Sted 2005; 14: 217-220. 31. Efe S & Ayaz S. Domestic violence against women and women's opinions related to domestic violence. Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2010; 11: 23-29.
  • Castro R, Peek-Asa C, Ruiz A. Violence against women in Mexico: A study of abuse before and during pregnancy. Am J Public Health 2003; 93: 1110–1116.
  • Silva EP, Ludermir AB, Barreto de Araşjo TV, Valongueiro SA. Frequency and pattern of intimate partner violence before, during and after pregnancy. Rev Saşde Pşblica 2011; 45: 1-9.
  • Guler N. Physical, emotional, sexual, and economic violence by spouse during pregnancy and associated factors. Nursing School Education Journal 2010;3:72-77.
  • Sir A, Kaya CM, Bez Y. Society, family and violence. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry- Special Topics 2011; 4: 26-31.
  • Lau Y. Influence of intimate partner violence during pregnancy and early postpartum depressive symptoms on breastfeeding among chinese women in Hong Kong. J Midwifery Womens Health 2007; 52: 15–20.
There are 34 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Gulay Yilmazel This is me

Zeynep Baykan This is me

Fevziye Cetinkaya This is me

Publication Date January 1, 2016
Published in Issue Year 2016 Volume: 2 Issue: 1

Cite

Vancouver Yilmazel G, Baykan Z, Cetinkaya F. Domestic Violence and Related Factors During Pregnancy. ULUTAS MED J. 2016;2(1):12-9.