Research Article
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Trend pattern of postgraduate theses on the use of standard patients in nursing education: A content analysis

Year 2026, Volume: 8 Issue: 14 , 323 - 342
https://izlik.org/JA72KM57WX

Abstract

Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelik eğitiminde standart hasta kullanımına ilişkin yüksek lisans tezlerini çeşitli değişkenler açısından inceleyerek bu alandaki araştırma eğilimlerini belirlemektir. Araştırma, nitel araştırma yaklaşımları kapsamında belge inceleme yöntemi kullanılarak gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler, Ulusal Tez Merkezi veri tabanında 2000-2025 yılları arasında yayınlanan yüksek lisans tezlerinden “standart hasta”, “standartlaştırılmış hasta”, “hemşirelik eğitimi” ve “hemşirelik” anahtar kelimeleri kullanılarak elde edilmiştir. Belirtilen kriterlere uyan toplam 15 yüksek lisans tezi, betimsel içerik analizi kullanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. İncelenen tezlerin çoğunluğunun doktora tezi olduğu ve çalışmaların belirli yıllara ve sınırlı sayıda üniversiteye yoğunlaştığı tespit edilmiştir. Tezlerde deneysel ve randomize kontrollü araştırma tasarımlarının ağırlıklı olarak tercih edildiği görülmüştür. Tüm çalışmaların Türkçe yazıldığı ve kamuya açık olduğu gözlemlenmiştir. Anahtar kelime analizi, en sık kullanılan kavramların “standart hasta” ve “hemşirelik eğitimi” olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Bulgular, hemşirelik eğitiminde standart hasta kullanımına ilişkin lisansüstü çalışmaların sınırlı olduğunu göstermektedir.

References

  • Akince, E. K., & Güngör, D. C. (2024). Trends in postgraduate theses conducted between 2000 and 2023 on nursing education: A content analysis. International Journal of Social Sciences Academy, (14), 23–37.
  • Akkurt Yalçıntürk, A. (2022). The effect of the standardized patient simulation method on nursing students’ caregiving skills toward individuals diagnosed with dementia [Doctoral thesis, University of Health Sciences]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Arslan, G. (2024). The effect of using standardized patients in stoma care on nursing students’ knowledge, satisfaction, and self-confidence [Master’s thesis, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Scientific research methods (21st ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (6th ed.). Routledge.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (2nd ed.). Pearson.
  • Çakmak, B. (2022). The effect of repeated standardized patient-based education on nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes toward end-of-life patients, and emotional states [Doctoral thesis, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Çalık, A. (2022). The effect of a serious game developed for nursing education and standardized patient application on students’ knowledge level, critical thinking, problem-solving skills, satisfaction, and self-confidence in learning [Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Demircan, Ü. (2024). The effect of the standardized patient simulation method on nursing students’ communication skills, satisfaction, and self-confidence in learning in communication with intensive care patients [Doctoral thesis, Gazi University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Erkuş, G. (2018). An examination of the effect of standardized patient use in ethics education on nursing undergraduate students’ moral sensitivity, moral reasoning, and ethical decision-making skills [Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Ersoy, A. (2016). Basic concepts related to qualitative research methods. In A. Saban & A. Ersoy (Eds.), Qualitative research in education (pp. 42–55). Anı Publishing.
  • Flanagan, O. L., Cummings, K. M., & Cummings, K. (2023). Standardized patients in medical education: a review of the literature. Cureus, 15(7).
  • Goodstone, L., Goodstone, M. S., Cino, K., Glaser, C. A., Kupferman, K., & Dember-Neal, T. (2013). Effect of simulation on nursing students’ knowledge and confidence in critical care. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 3(3), 1–7. DOI: 10.5480/1536-5026-34.3.159
  • Göriş, S., Bilgi, N., & Bayındır, S. K. (2014). The use of simulation in nursing education. Düzce University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 4(2), 25–29.
  • Güngör, D. C., Yıldırım, Y., & Türeyen, A. (2023). Trends in theory- and model-based patient education research in nursing: A descriptive content analysis. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education, 5(9), 423–442.
  • Hauze, S. W., Hoyt, H. H., Frazee, J. P., Greiner, P. A., & Marshall, J. M. (2019). Enhancing nursing education through affordable and realistic holographic mixed reality: the virtual standardized patient for clinical simulation. Biomedical Visualisation: Volume 1, 1-13.
  • İlaslan, N. (2019). The effect of the cooperative learning method in standardized patient practice on nursing students’ knowledge, psychomotor skills, and anxiety levels [Master’s thesis, Düzce University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Kabal, M. G. (2024). The effect of gamified standardized patient education provided to nursing students on knowledge, satisfaction, and perceived learning levels in supporting caregivers of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease [Master’s thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Karaduman, Y., & Başak, T. (2020). Simulation practices in nursing education. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 10(1), 130–138. https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.947218
  • Maharaj, T. (2017). Live-model simulation: Improving nursing students’ attitudes and knowledge of Alzheimer disease. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 13, 446–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2017.05.002
  • Mayring, P. (2004). Qualitative content analysis. In U. Flick, E. Kardorff, & I. Steinke (Eds.). A companion to qualitative research (pp. 266–269). SAGE Publications.
  • Milan, F. B., Parish, S. J., & Reichgott, M. J. (2006). A model for educational feedback based on clinical communication skills strategies: beyond the "feedback sandwich". Teaching and learning in medicine, 18(1), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm1801_9
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2015). Qualitative data analysis (S. Akbaba Altun & A. Ersoy, Trans.). Pegem Akademi. (Original work published 1994)
  • Orgun, F., Özkütük, N., Akkoç, C. P., & Çonoğlu, G. (2024). Use of standardized patients in patient education practices of senior nursing students: A mixed-methods study. Nurse education today, 139, 106212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106212
  • Orkun, N. (2020). An examination of the effect of the standardized patient method on nursing students’ triage application skills and self-confidence [Doctoral thesis, Ege University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Sarıkoç, G. (2015). An examination of the effect of standardized patient practice on nursing students’ motivation levels and learning experiences [Doctoral thesis, Gulhane Military Medical Academy]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Sarmasoğlu, Ş. (2014). The effect of standardized patient use in nursing education on students’ psychomotor skill development processes [Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Shorey, S., & Ng, E. D. (2021). The use of virtual reality simulation among nursing students and registered nurses: A systematic review. Nurse Education Today, 98, 104662.
  • Şıvgın, N. (2022). An examination of the effectiveness of the standardized patient simulation method in teaching peristomal skin lesions to nursing students [Master’s thesis, University of Health Sciences]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Şimşek, H., & Yıldırım, A. (2011). Qualitative research methods (9th ed.). Seçkin Publishing.
  • Tayaz, E. (2023). The effect of symptom management education in palliative care delivered through a microteaching method enriched with standardized patients on nursing students’ knowledge, reflective thinking levels, and therapeutic communication skills [Doctoral thesis, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Turan, S., Üner, S., & Elçin, M. (2010). The effect of standardized patient feedback on students’ motivation levels. Balkan Medical Journal, 28(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.5174/tutfd.2009.02560.2
  • Tüzer, H. (2015). The effect of high-fidelity simulator and standardized patient use on nursing undergraduate students’ thoracic and cardiac examination skills [Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Uslu, Y., & Van Giersbergen, M. Y. (2019). The use of standardized patients in nursing education. Kastamonu Education Journal, 27(1), 271–280.
  • Wagner, D., Bear, M., & Sander, J. (2009). Turning simulation into reality: Increasing student competence and confidence. Journal of Nursing Education, 48(8), 465–467. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20090518-07
  • Wilbur, K., Elmubark, A., & Shabana, S. (2018). Systematic Review of Standardized Patient Use in Continuing Medical Education. The Journal of continuing education in the health professions, 38(1), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1097/CEH.0000000000000190

Trend pattern of postgraduate theses on the use of standard patients in nursing education: A content analysis

Year 2026, Volume: 8 Issue: 14 , 323 - 342
https://izlik.org/JA72KM57WX

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine master's theses on the use of standard patients in nursing education in terms of various variables to determine research trends in the field. The research was conducted using the document review method within the scope of qualitative research approaches. Data were obtained from postgraduate theses published between 2000 and 2025 in the National Thesis Center database using the keywords “standard patient,” “standardized patient,” “nursing education,” and “nursing.” A total of 15 postgraduate theses meeting the specified criteria were evaluated using descriptive content analysis. It was determined that the majority of the theses examined were doctoral theses and that the studies were concentrated in specific years and a limited number of universities. It was found that experimental and randomized controlled research designs were predominantly preferred in the theses. It was observed that all studies were written in Turkish and were publicly accessible. Keyword analysis revealed that the most frequently used concepts were “standard patient” and “nursing education.” The findings indicate that postgraduate studies on the use of standard patients in nursing education are limited.

References

  • Akince, E. K., & Güngör, D. C. (2024). Trends in postgraduate theses conducted between 2000 and 2023 on nursing education: A content analysis. International Journal of Social Sciences Academy, (14), 23–37.
  • Akkurt Yalçıntürk, A. (2022). The effect of the standardized patient simulation method on nursing students’ caregiving skills toward individuals diagnosed with dementia [Doctoral thesis, University of Health Sciences]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Arslan, G. (2024). The effect of using standardized patients in stoma care on nursing students’ knowledge, satisfaction, and self-confidence [Master’s thesis, Zonguldak Bülent Ecevit University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Büyüköztürk, Ş., Kılıç Çakmak, E., Akgün, Ö. E., Karadeniz, Ş., & Demirel, F. (2016). Scientific research methods (21st ed.). Pegem Akademi.
  • Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2007). Research methods in education (6th ed.). Routledge.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2005). Educational research: Planning, conducting, and evaluating quantitative and qualitative research (2nd ed.). Pearson.
  • Çakmak, B. (2022). The effect of repeated standardized patient-based education on nursing students’ knowledge, attitudes toward end-of-life patients, and emotional states [Doctoral thesis, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Çalık, A. (2022). The effect of a serious game developed for nursing education and standardized patient application on students’ knowledge level, critical thinking, problem-solving skills, satisfaction, and self-confidence in learning [Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Demircan, Ü. (2024). The effect of the standardized patient simulation method on nursing students’ communication skills, satisfaction, and self-confidence in learning in communication with intensive care patients [Doctoral thesis, Gazi University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Erkuş, G. (2018). An examination of the effect of standardized patient use in ethics education on nursing undergraduate students’ moral sensitivity, moral reasoning, and ethical decision-making skills [Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Ersoy, A. (2016). Basic concepts related to qualitative research methods. In A. Saban & A. Ersoy (Eds.), Qualitative research in education (pp. 42–55). Anı Publishing.
  • Flanagan, O. L., Cummings, K. M., & Cummings, K. (2023). Standardized patients in medical education: a review of the literature. Cureus, 15(7).
  • Goodstone, L., Goodstone, M. S., Cino, K., Glaser, C. A., Kupferman, K., & Dember-Neal, T. (2013). Effect of simulation on nursing students’ knowledge and confidence in critical care. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 3(3), 1–7. DOI: 10.5480/1536-5026-34.3.159
  • Göriş, S., Bilgi, N., & Bayındır, S. K. (2014). The use of simulation in nursing education. Düzce University Journal of Health Sciences Institute, 4(2), 25–29.
  • Güngör, D. C., Yıldırım, Y., & Türeyen, A. (2023). Trends in theory- and model-based patient education research in nursing: A descriptive content analysis. International Journal of Social Sciences and Education, 5(9), 423–442.
  • Hauze, S. W., Hoyt, H. H., Frazee, J. P., Greiner, P. A., & Marshall, J. M. (2019). Enhancing nursing education through affordable and realistic holographic mixed reality: the virtual standardized patient for clinical simulation. Biomedical Visualisation: Volume 1, 1-13.
  • İlaslan, N. (2019). The effect of the cooperative learning method in standardized patient practice on nursing students’ knowledge, psychomotor skills, and anxiety levels [Master’s thesis, Düzce University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Kabal, M. G. (2024). The effect of gamified standardized patient education provided to nursing students on knowledge, satisfaction, and perceived learning levels in supporting caregivers of individuals diagnosed with Alzheimer’s disease [Master’s thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Karaduman, Y., & Başak, T. (2020). Simulation practices in nursing education. Journal of Higher Education and Science, 10(1), 130–138. https://doi.org/10.46483/deuhfed.947218
  • Maharaj, T. (2017). Live-model simulation: Improving nursing students’ attitudes and knowledge of Alzheimer disease. Clinical Simulation in Nursing, 13, 446–451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecns.2017.05.002
  • Mayring, P. (2004). Qualitative content analysis. In U. Flick, E. Kardorff, & I. Steinke (Eds.). A companion to qualitative research (pp. 266–269). SAGE Publications.
  • Milan, F. B., Parish, S. J., & Reichgott, M. J. (2006). A model for educational feedback based on clinical communication skills strategies: beyond the "feedback sandwich". Teaching and learning in medicine, 18(1), 42–47. https://doi.org/10.1207/s15328015tlm1801_9
  • Miles, M. B., & Huberman, A. M. (2015). Qualitative data analysis (S. Akbaba Altun & A. Ersoy, Trans.). Pegem Akademi. (Original work published 1994)
  • Orgun, F., Özkütük, N., Akkoç, C. P., & Çonoğlu, G. (2024). Use of standardized patients in patient education practices of senior nursing students: A mixed-methods study. Nurse education today, 139, 106212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2024.106212
  • Orkun, N. (2020). An examination of the effect of the standardized patient method on nursing students’ triage application skills and self-confidence [Doctoral thesis, Ege University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Sarıkoç, G. (2015). An examination of the effect of standardized patient practice on nursing students’ motivation levels and learning experiences [Doctoral thesis, Gulhane Military Medical Academy]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Sarmasoğlu, Ş. (2014). The effect of standardized patient use in nursing education on students’ psychomotor skill development processes [Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Shorey, S., & Ng, E. D. (2021). The use of virtual reality simulation among nursing students and registered nurses: A systematic review. Nurse Education Today, 98, 104662.
  • Şıvgın, N. (2022). An examination of the effectiveness of the standardized patient simulation method in teaching peristomal skin lesions to nursing students [Master’s thesis, University of Health Sciences]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Şimşek, H., & Yıldırım, A. (2011). Qualitative research methods (9th ed.). Seçkin Publishing.
  • Tayaz, E. (2023). The effect of symptom management education in palliative care delivered through a microteaching method enriched with standardized patients on nursing students’ knowledge, reflective thinking levels, and therapeutic communication skills [Doctoral thesis, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Turan, S., Üner, S., & Elçin, M. (2010). The effect of standardized patient feedback on students’ motivation levels. Balkan Medical Journal, 28(1), 43–48. https://doi.org/10.5174/tutfd.2009.02560.2
  • Tüzer, H. (2015). The effect of high-fidelity simulator and standardized patient use on nursing undergraduate students’ thoracic and cardiac examination skills [Doctoral thesis, Hacettepe University]. Council of Higher Education National Thesis Center.
  • Uslu, Y., & Van Giersbergen, M. Y. (2019). The use of standardized patients in nursing education. Kastamonu Education Journal, 27(1), 271–280.
  • Wagner, D., Bear, M., & Sander, J. (2009). Turning simulation into reality: Increasing student competence and confidence. Journal of Nursing Education, 48(8), 465–467. https://doi.org/10.3928/01484834-20090518-07
  • Wilbur, K., Elmubark, A., & Shabana, S. (2018). Systematic Review of Standardized Patient Use in Continuing Medical Education. The Journal of continuing education in the health professions, 38(1), 3–10. https://doi.org/10.1097/CEH.0000000000000190
There are 36 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Curriculum and Instration (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Duygu Ceren Güngör 0000-0002-3614-7835

Mercan Çakal 0009-0007-2757-0061

Ceren Kırmızıoğlu 0009-0003-5327-9957

Adife Ahsen Çetin 0009-0005-8065-6329

Fatma Orgun 0000-0002-2351-7227

Nilay Özkütük 0000-0003-1405-4600

Submission Date January 22, 2026
Acceptance Date March 5, 2026
IZ https://izlik.org/JA72KM57WX
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 8 Issue: 14

Cite

APA Güngör, D. C., Çakal, M., Kırmızıoğlu, C., Çetin, A. A., Orgun, F., & Özkütük, N. (n.d.). Trend pattern of postgraduate theses on the use of standard patients in nursing education: A content analysis. Uluslararası Sosyal Bilimler Ve Eğitim Dergisi, 8(14), 323-342. https://izlik.org/JA72KM57WX

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