Kayak ve snowboarda ilişkin heyecan arama ölçeği (KSİHAÖ): Türkçe geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışması

Year 2019, , 107 - 118, 15.09.2019

Sırrı Cem Dinç , Mustafa Demircan

https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.575321

Cited By: 2

Abstract

Amaç: Thomson ve diğ. (2012) tarafından kayak ve snowboard katılımcılarının heyecan arayışı düzeyini ölçmek üzere geliştirilen “The Contextual Sensation Seeking Questionnaire for Skiing and Snowboarding (CSSQ-S)” ölçeğinin Türk popülasyonu için geçerlik ve güvenirliğinin belirlenmesidir. 

Materyal ve Yöntem: Çalışmaya farklı kayak merkezlerinde kayak ve snowboard yapan 622 kişi (kadın 167, x̄=24,33±2,54 yaş; erkek 455 x̄=27,52±2,21 yaş) katılmıştır. Ölçeğin yapı geçerliliği için AFA ve DFA, güvenirliği için ise iç tutarlılık katsayısı ve test-tekrar test korelasyonu kullanılmıştır. Analizler SPSS 24 ve AMOS 23.0 paket programıyla yapılmıştır.

Bulgular: Gerçekleştirilen AFA sonuçları, maddelerin faktör yük değerlerinin iki alt boyut altında 0,58-0,81 aralığında değiştiğini ve toplam varyans %64’ünü karşıladığını göstermiştir. Gerekli modifikasyon işlemlerinin yapıldığı DFA sonuçları ise, modelin mükemmel ve yeterli uyum indekslerine ulaştığını (x²/sd=5, CFI=0,95, GFI=0,95, AGFI=0,91, RMSEA=0,07) ve maddelerin faktör yük değerlerinin 0,55 ile 0,86 arasında değiştiğini göstermiştir. Test-Tekrar Test korelasyonu 0,98 (p<0,01) ve iki alt boyut için Cronbach Alpha değerleri 0,77 ve 0,86 olarak saptanmıştır.

Sonuç: Araştırmadan elde edilen bulgulara dayanarak, ölçeğiniki faktörlü (yenilik arayışı ve risk arayışı) “Kayak ve Snowboarda İlişkin Heyecan Arama Ölçeği” (KSİHAÖ) olarak Türk kültüründe kullanılabilecek yeterli psikometrik özelliklere sahip geçerli ve güvenilir bir ölçme aracı olduğu söylenebilir.

Keywords

Kayak, Snowboard, Heyecen Arayışı, Geçerlik ve Güvenirlik

The contextual sensation seeking questionnaire for skiing and snowboarding (CSSQ-S): The study of validity and reliability in Turkish

Abstract

Aim: This study was to examine the validity and reliability of The Contextual Sensation Seeking Questionnaire for Skiing and Snowboarding (CSSQ-S) that measures the level of sensation seeking for skiing and snowboarding, was developed by Thomson et al. (2012) for Turkish population.

Material and Methods: The sample group of the study consisted of 622 (female: n=167, x̄ age=24.33±2.54; male: n=455, x̄age=27.52±2.21) who were actively involved in skiing and snowboarding in different ski centers. EFA and CFA were used for construct validity and internal consistency coefficient and test-retest correlation were used for reliability. PSS 24 and AMOS 23.0 software were used for analysis.

Results: EFA showed that the factor structure revealed two sub-dimensions, the factor load values of the items varied between 0.58 and 0.81 and covered 64% of the total variance. The CFA results showed that the model reached perfect and adequate fit indexes (x²/sd=5, CFI=0.95, GFI=0.95, AGFI=0.91, RMSEA=0.07) after with the necessary modification procedures and the factor load values of the items varied between 0.55 and 0.86. Test-Retest correlation was 0.98 (p <0.01) and Cronbach Alpha values were found to be 0.77 and 0.86 for two sub-scales. 

Conclusion: Based on the findings of the study, it can be said that the scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool with sufficient psychometric properties that can be used in Turkish culture as 2-factors structure (novelty seeking and risk seeking).

Keywords

Skiing, Snowboarding, Sensation Seeking, Validity and Reliability

References

• Arbuckle, J., L. (2012). IBM SPSS Amos 19 User‘s Guide. www.amosdevelopment.com/download/ amos.pdf
• Balcı, A. (2009). Sosyal Bilimlerde Araştırma Yöntem Teknik ve İlkeler (7. Baskı), Ankara: Pegem Akademi.
• Brislin, R.,W. (1986). The wording and translation of research instruments. (Lonner, W.,J. & Berry, J.,W. Eds.), Field methods in educational research, s. 137–164. Newbury Park, CA, USA: Sage Pub.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2004). Veri analizi el kitabı. Ankara: Pegem A Yayıncılık.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2011). Sosyal Bilimler için Veri Analizi El Kitabı: İstatistik, Araştırma Deseni, SPSS Uygulamaları ve Yorum.(ss.181). Ankara: Pegem Yayınevi.
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (2012). Örnekleme yöntemleri. http://w3.balikesir.edu.tr/~msackes/wp/wp-content/uploads/2012/03/BAYFinal-Konulari.pdf adresinden 14.03.2019 tarihinde indirilmiştir).
• Claudia, M., Sergio, A., Luca, S. & Grazia, M., M. (2018) Factorial validity of the Italian version of the Contextual Sensation Seeking Questionnaire for Skiing and Snowboarding (CSSQ-S) Applied Psychology Bulletin (Bollettino di Psicologia Applicata), Issue 283, p56-64. 9p.
• Cohen, J. (1988). Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences (2nd ed.). Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
• Cusimano, M.D. & Kwok, J., 2010. The effectiveness of helmet wear in skiers and snowboarders: a systematic review. British Journal of Sports Medicine44 (11), 781–786. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2009.070573
• Demirhan, G. 2003. Doğa Sporlarına İlişkin Riskin Algılanması. Hacettepe Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 14 (1): 1-13.
• Demirhan, G., Aşçı H. F., Kangalgil, M. & Saraçbaşı, O. (2014). Perception of Risk and Attractiveness of Extreme Sports among Turkish University Students. Hacettepe Journal of Sport Sciences. 25 (1), 11-22.
• Erkuş, A. (2007). Ölçek geliştirme ve uyarlama çalışmalarında karşılaşılan sorunlar. Türk Psikoloji Bülteni, 13(40), 17-25. doi.org/10.14527/9786053183563b2.074 Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistic: Using SPSS. Sage.Los Angeles.
• Ferrando, P. J., & Chico, E. (2001). The construct of sensation seeking as measured by Zuckerman's SSS-V and Arnett's AISS: A structural equation model. Personality and Individual Differences, 31(7), 1121-1133. doi.org/10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00208-7
• Goma-i-Freixanet, M., Martha, C., & Muro, A. (2012). Does the sensation-seeking trait differ among participants engaged in sports with different levels of physical risk? Anales De Psicologia, 28(1), 223-232.
• Hambleton, R. K., Merenda, P. F. & Spielberger, C. D. (2005). Adapting educational and psychological tests for cross-cultural assessment. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associations.
• Hoe, S.L. (2008). Issues and procedures in adopting structural equation mo-deling Technique. Journal of Applied Quantitative Methods, 3(1). 76-83.
• Huck, S. W. (2012). Reading statistics and research (6th edition.). Boston, MA. Pearson Education. 1-593.
• Kerr, J., H. & Mackenzie S., H. (2012). Multiple motives for participating in adventure sports. Psychology of Sport and Exercise 13 649-657
• Maher A., M., Thomson, C.,J. & Carlson, S.,R. (2015). Risk-taking and impulsive personality traits in proficient downhill sports enthusiasts. Personality and Individual Differences 79, 20–24, doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2015.01.041
• Pedersen, M.D. (1997). Perception of High Risk Sport. Perceptual and Motor Skills. 85, 756-758, Doi: 10.2466/pms.1997.85.2.756
• Priest, S., & Gass, M. (2017). Effective Leadership in Adventure Programming, 3E. Human Kinetics.
• Ruedl, G., Abart, M., Ledochowski, L., Burtscher, M., & Kopp, M. (2012). Self reported risk taking and risk compensation in skiers and snowboarders are associated with sensation seeking. Accident Analysis & Prevention, 48, 292-296. Doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2012.01.031
• Ruedl, G., Pocecco, E., Sommersacher, R., Gatterer, H., Kopp, M., Nachbauer, W. and Burtscher, M. (2010) Factors associated with self-reported risk-taking behaviour on ski slopes. British Journal of Sports Medicine 44(3), 204–206. Doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2009.066779
• Russel, K., Christie, J. &Hagel, B.E., (2010) The effects of helmets on the risk of head and neck injuries among skiers and snowboarders: a meta-analysis. CMAJ 182 (4), 333–340. Doi: 10.1503/cmaj.091080
• Schermelleh, E. K., Moosbrugger, H., & Müller, H. (2003). Evaluating The Fit Of Structural Equation Models: Tests Of Significance And Descriptive Goodness-Of-Fit Measures. Methods Of Psychological Research Online, 8 (2): 23-74.
• Schumacher, R. E.& Lomax, R. G. (1996). A Beginner’s Guide to Structural Equation Modeling. New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers.
• Scott, M.D., Buller, D.B., Andersen, P.A., Walkosz, B.J., Voeks, J.H., Dignan, M.B. & Cutter, G., (2007). Testing the risk compensation hypothesis for safety helmets in alpine skiing and snowboarding. Inj. Prev. 13, 173–177. Doi: 10.1136/ip.2006.014142
• Shealy, J.E., Ettlinger, C.F. & Johnson, R.J. (2005). Skiing trauma and safety: Fifteenth International Symposiım, ASTM Special Technical Publication 1464. West Conshohocken, PA: ASTM International, pp. 59-66
• Stoel R. D., De Geus E.J. & Boomsma D.I. (2006) Genetic analysis of sensation seeking with an extended twin design. Behav Genet 36: 229–237
• Sulheim, S., Holme, I., Ekeland, A., Bahr, R., 2006. Helmet use and risk of head injuries in alpine skiers and snowboarders. JAMA 296, 919–924. Doi: 10.1001/jama.295.8.919
• Thomson, C., J. (2012) Seeking sensations through sport: an interdisciplinary investigation of personality and genetics associated with high-risk sport. Diss. University of British Columbia.
• Thomson C. J., Rajala A. K., Carlson S. R. & Rupert JL (2014) Variants in the Dopamine-4-Receptor Gene Promoter Are Not Associated with Sensation Seeking in Skiers. PLoS ONE 9(4): e93521. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0093521
• Thomson, C. J., & Carlson, S. R. (2014). Personality and risky downhill sports: Associations with impulsivity dimensions. Personality and Individual Differences, 60, 67–72.
• Thomson, C. J., Morton, K. L., Carlson, S. R., & Rupert, J. L. (2012). The contextual sensation seeking questionnaire for skiing and snowboarding (CSSQ-S) development of a sport specific scale. International Journal of Sport Psychology, 43(6), 503-521. doi.org/10.7352/IJSP2012. 43.033
• Thomson, C., J., Hanna, C., W., Carlson, S. R., & Rupert, J. (2013). The -521 C/T variant in the dopamine-4-receptor gene (DRD4) is associated with skiing and snowboarding behavior. Scand J Med Sci Sports: 23: 108–113 doi: 10.1111/sms.12031
• Thompson, B. ve Daniel, L. G. (1996). Factor analitic evidence for the construct validty of scores: A historical overview and some guidlines. Educational and Psychological Meas., 56, 197-208.
• Tomlinson, J & Leigh E. (2004). Extreme Sports: In Search of the Ultimate Thrill, Firefly: Books Ltd.
• Whiteside, S., P., & Lynam, D. R. (2001). The Five Factor Model and impulsivity: Using a structural model of personality to understand impulsivity. Personality and Individual Differences, 30(4), 669-689. doi: 10.1016/S0191-8869(00)00064-7
• Willig, C. (2008). A phenomenological investigation of the experience of taking part in 'Extreme Sports'. Journal of Health Psychology, 13(5), 690-702. doi: 10.1177/1359105307082459
• Zuckerman, M. (1994). Behavioral expressions and biosocial bases of sensation seeking. New York: Cambridge University Press.
• Zuckerman, M. (2007). Sensation seeking Sensation seeking and risky behavior (pp. 3-49). Washington, DC: American Psychological Association. Doi: 10.1037/11555-000
• Zuckerman, M., Kuhlman, D. M., Joireman, J., Teta, P., & Kraft, M. (1993). A comparison of three structural models for personality: the big three, the big five, and the alternative five. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 65(4), 757-768. doi: 10.1037//0022-3514.65.4.757