Kaygılarım Kabusum Olmasın! Futbolcuların Covid-19 Pandemisi Sürecindeki Kaygılarının Fotoses Yöntemiyle İncelenmesi

Year 2021, Volume: 7 Issue: 2, 60 - 72, 15.06.2021

Okan Ünver , Halime Dinç , Esra Çetin , Metin Argan

https://doi.org/10.18826/useeabd.830125

Cited By: 1

Abstract

Amaç: Bu çalışmada Covid-19 pandemisinden etkilenen futbolcuların bu süreçte yaşadıkları kaygı durumlarının fotoses yöntemiyle ortaya konulması amaçlanmıştır.

Materyal ve Metot: Bu çalışma için nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden fotoses yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmaya Türkiye liglerinde futbol oynayan 5 amatör ve 4 profesyonel olmak üzere 9 futbolcu dahil edilmiştir. Katılımcılardan toplam 33 fotoğraf ve hikaye toplanmış olup 11 fotoğraf ve hikaye araştırma kapsamında kullanılmıştır. Katılımcılarla yapılan görüşmeler yardımıyla fotoğraflar ve hikayeler, araştırmacı ve katılımcıların fikir birliği ile tematik içerik analizi yöntemi ile temalandırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Araştırma bulguları olarak 4 ana tema ve 9 alt tema ortaya koyulmuştur. Bu temalar sosyal kaygı ana teması altında sosyal mesafe, evde kal ve paylaşım yoksunluğu alt teması, ekonomik kaygı teması altında var olanı koruma ve yoklukla mücadele alt teması, gelecek kaygısı teması altında güzellikleri kaçırma, plan ve rutinleri ıskalama alt teması, son tema olarak ise sağlık teması altında aile bireyine virüs bulaştırma ve kendini virüsten koruyabilme alt teması olarak belirlenmiştir.

Sonuç: Virüsle ilgili aşının ve tedavinin bulunamamış olması, karantina ve önlem süreçleri, küresel ekonomik daralma ve belirsizlik sürecinin katılımcılarının kaygılarını oluşturduğu belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, sporcuların psikolojik sıkıntılarının giderilmesi ve önlenmesi adına karar vericilere yardımcı olacaktır.

Keywords

covid-19, Kaygı, Futbolcu, Fotoses

Don't Let My Worries Be My Nightmare! Investigation of Football Player’s Worries During the Covid-19 Pandemic Process Using Photovoice

Abstract

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to reveal the worry situations experienced by the football players affected by the Covid-19 pandemic with the photovoice method.

Methods: For this study, the photovoice method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used. Research on playing football in Turkey have been included nine players, including five professional and four amateurs. 33 photos and stories were collected from the participants, and 11 photos and stories were included in the research. Through interviews with participants, the photos and stories were themed with the consensus of the researchers and the participants through the thematic content analysis method.

Results: As a result of the research, 4 main themes and 9 sub-themes were emerged. These themes are social distance, stay at home and lack of communion sub-themes under the main theme of social worry, preservation of existing and fighting poverty sub-themes under the theme of economic worry, missing beauties, and missing plans and routines under the theme of future worry, as the last theme, it was determined as the sub-theme of transmitting viruses to the family member and protecting itself from the virus under the theme of health worry.

Conclusion: It has been determined that the lack of vaccine and treatment related to the virus, quarantine and precautionary processes, global economic recession, and uncertainty process are the worries of the participants. The results of the research will help decision-makers to eliminate and prevent the psychological problems of athletes.

Keywords

Covid-19, Worry, Footballer, Photovoice

References

• Abd-Alrazaq, A., Alhuwail, D., Househ, M., Hamdi, M., ve Shah, Z. (2020). Top worries of Tweeters during the COVID-19 pandemic: infoveillance study. Journal of medical Internet research, 22(4), e19016. doi:10.2196/19016
• Abdulamir AS, Hafidh RR. The Possible Immunological Pathways for the Variable Immunopathogenesis of COVID–19 Infections among Healthy Adults, Elderly and Children. Electron J Gen Med. 2020;17(4):em202. Erişim adresi: https://doi.org/10.29333/ejgm/7850
• Alistair, M. (2020, 1 Haziran). N'Golo Kante: Chelsea will allow midfielder to stay away from training amid coronavirus fears, BBC. Erişim adresi: https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/52767877
• Argan, M., Yılmaz, A., Argan, M. T., ve Yetim, G. (2020). Sesimi Gören Var mı? Fotoses Yönteminin Spor Bilimlerinde Kullanım Potansiyeline İlişkin Kuramsal Bir Çerçeve. Gazi Beden Eğitimi ve Spor Bilimleri Dergisi, 25(3), 149-166. Erişim adresi: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1175472
• Balaratnasingam, S., ve Janca, A. (2006). Mass hysteria revisited. Current Opinion in Psychiatry, 19, 171–174. doi: 10.1097/01.yco.0000214343.59872.7a
• Booth, T. ve Booth, W. (2003). In the frame: Photovoice and mothers with learning difficulties. Disability & Society, 18(4):431-442. Doi: 10.1080/0968759032000080986
• Brooks, S. K., Webster, R. K., Smith, L. E., Woodland, L., Wessely, S., Greenberg, N. ve Rubin, G. J. (2020). The psychological impact of quarantine and how to reduce it: rapid review of the evidence. The Lancet. Erişim adresi: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0140673620304608
• Büyüköztürk, Ş. (1997). Araştırmaya yönelik kaygı ölçeğinin geliştirilmesi. Kuram ve Uygulamada Eğitim Yönetimi Dergisi, 3(4), 453-464. Erişim adresi: http://kuey.net/index.php/kuey/article/view/683
• Çalık, M. ve Sözbilir, M. (2014). İçerik analizinin parametreleri. Eğitim ve Bilim, 39(174), 33-38. Doi: 10.15390/EB.2014.3412
• Dilmaç, B. ve Baş, A. (2019). Ergenlerin Sahip Oldukları Değerler, Öznel İyi Oluşları ve Sosyal Kaygıları Arasındaki Yordayıcı İlişki. MANAS Sosyal Araştırmalar Dergisi, 8(4), 3685-3697.
• Dinçer E. D. (2010). Biyolojik saat ve kaygının temel bilişsel işlevler üzerindeki etkileri. (Yayımlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Hacettepe Üniversitesi
• Duncker, C. (2020, 25 Mayıs). Manchester United giving players psychological support during Covid-19 pandemic. Erişim adresi: https://www.goal.com/en/news/manchester-united-giving-players-psychological-support/u2i09nyap8f516zhqfujhp3q1, Goal.
• Euronews, (2020, 1 Haziran). Fatih Terim koronavirüs (Covid-19) test sonucunun pozitif çıktığını açıkladı. Erişim adresi: https://tr.euronews.com/2020/03/23/fatih-terim-koronavirus-covid-19-test-sonucunun-pozitif-ciktigini-acikladi
• Fernandes, N. (2020). Economic effects of coronavirus outbreak (COVID-19) on the world economy. IESE Business School Working Paper No. WP-1240e. Doi: 10.2139/ssrn.3557504
• Fetzer, T., Hensel, L., Hermle, J. ve Roth, C. (2020). Coronavirus perceptions and economic worry. arXiv. Erişim adresi: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.03848.pdf
• Goal, (2020a, 24 Mayıs). Coronavirus and football teams: Which players, managers and owners are affected? Erişim adresi: https://www.goal.com/en/news/coronavirus-football-teams-players-managers-owners-affected/1unrxo89q54201k0nt2pyru972
• Goal, (2020b, 24 Mayıs). Hangi ülkelerde futbol devam ediyor? Erişim adresi: https://www.goal.com/tr/haber/hangi-uelkelerde-futbol-devam-ediyor/hoamoy6k7a251q7cckq3a2b6q
• Google, (2020, 20 Mayıs). Koronavirüs (Covid-19) Erişim adresi: https://news.google.com/covid19/map.
• Goodhart, F. W., Hsu, J., Baek, J. H., Coleman, A. L., Maresca, F. M., & Miller, M. B. (2006). A view through a different lens: Photovoice as a tool for student advocacy. Journal of American College Health, 55(1), 53-56. Doi:10.3200/JACH.55.1.53-56
• Güner, H. R., Hasanoğlu, İ. ve Aktaş, F. (2020). COVID-19: Prevention and control measures in community. Turkish Journal of medical sciences, 50(SI-1), 571-577. Doi:10.3906/sag-2004-146
• Here To Help, (2020, 2 Haziran). Covid-19 and Worry. Erişim adresi: https://www.heretohelp.bc.ca/infosheet/covid-19-and-worry
• Hofmann, S. G. ve Smits, J. A. (2008). Cognitive-behavioral therapy for adult worry disorders: a meta-analysis of randomized placebo-controlled trials. The Journal of clinical psychiatry, 69(4), 621. Erişim adresi: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2409267/
• Horwitz, E. K. (2001) Language Worry and Achievement, Annual Review of Applied Linguistics, Vol. 21, pp. 112-126.
• Huerta-P. (2004). Structural changes during a century of the world’s most popular sport. Statistical Methods and Applications, 13(2), 241-258. Doi: 10.1007/s10260-004-0093-3
• İbiş, S. (2020). Covıd-19 Salgınının Seyahat Acentaları Üzerine Etkisi. Safran Kültür ve Turizm Araştırmaları Dergisi, 3(1): 85-98. Erişim adresi: https://dergipark.org.tr/en/download/article-file/1076683
• Jones, J. H. ve Salathé, M. (2009). Early assessment of worry and behavioral response to novel swine-origin infl uenze A(H1N1). Plos ONE, 4, 1-8. Erişim adresi: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0008032
• Kleinberg, B., van der Vegt, I. ve Mozes, M. (2020). Measuring Emotions in the COVID-19 Real World Worry Dataset. arXiv preprint arXiv:2004.04225. Erişim adresi: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2004.04225.pdf
• Kurl S. ve Korzinski D. (2020, 10 Haziran). Half of Canadians taking extra precautions as coronavirus continues to spread around the globe. Angusreid. Erişim adresi: http://angusreid.org/wp-content/uploads/2020/02/2020.02.04_Coronavirus.pdf
• Lau, J. T. F., Kim, J. H., Tsui, H. ve Griffiths, S. (2007). Perceptions related to human avian infl uenza and their associations with anticipated psychological and behavioral responses at the onset of outbreak in the Hong Kong Chinese general population. American Journal of Infection Control, 35, 38-49. doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2006.07.010
• Leung, G. M., Ho, L. M., Chan, S. K., Ho, S. Y., Bacon-Shone, J., Choy, R. Y., Hedley, A. J., Lam, T. H. ve Fielding, R. (2005). Longitudinal assessment of community psychobehavioral responses during and after the 2003 outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome in Hong Kong. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 40, 1713-1720. Erişim adresi: https://doi.org/10.1086/429923
• Lincoln, Y. S. ve Guba, E. G. (1985). Naturalistic inquiry. Newbury Park, CA: Sage Publications.
• Liu, S., Yang, L., Zhang, C., Xiang, Y., Liu, Z., Hu, S. ve Zhang, B. (2020). Online mental health services in China during the COVID-19 outbreak. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(4), e17–e18.
• Lopez, E., Eng, E., Robinson, N. ve Wang, C. C. (2005). Photovoice as a community-based participatory research method. Methods in community-based participatory research for health, 326-348.
• MacIntyre, P. D. (1995). How does worry affect second language learning? A reply to Sparks and Ganschow. The Modern Language Journal , 79 (1), 90-99. Erişim adresi: http://www.jstor.org/stable/329395
• Merriam, S. B. (2013). Nitel araştırma. Desen ve Uygulama İçin Bir Rehber.(Çev. Editörü: Selahattin Turan). Nobel Akademik Yayıncılık.
• Mertens, G., Gerritsen, L., Duijndam, S., Salemink, E., & Engelhard, I. M. (2020). Fear of the coronavirus (COVID-19): Predictors in an online study conducted in March 2020. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 102258. Erişim adresi: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0887618520300724
• Povee, K., Bishop, B. J. ve Roberts, L. D. (2014). The use of photovoice with people with intellectual disabilities: reflections, challenges and opportunities. Disability & Society, 29(6):893-907. Doi: 10.1080/09687599.2013.874331
• Roy, D., Tripathy, S., Kar, S. K., Sharma, N., Verma, S. K. ve Kaushal, V. (2020). Study of knowledge, attitude, worry & perceived mental healthcare need in Indian population during COVID-19 pandemic. Asian Journal of Psychiatry, 102083. Erişim adresi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajp.2020.102083
• Scovel, T. (1978) The Effect of Affect on Foreign Language Learning: A review of the Worry Research. In Horwitz, E. K. & Young, D. J. Language Worry. PrenticeHall International, pp. 15-25.
• Spencer, J., (2020, 28 Mayıs). How's this for a lively conference call? Bayern Munich stars link up on Zoom for a 90-minute training session from home as coaches keep an eye on them... after taking a 20 per cent pay-cut to save the jobs of the club's low-paid staff. Dailymail. Erişim adresi: https://www.dailymail.co.uk/sport/football/article-8145933/Bayern-Munich-stars-Zoom-Bundesliga-giants-workout-video-conference-call.html
• Statista, (2020, 15 Haziran). Main worries or concerns about the COVID-19 / coronavirus pandemic in the United States, United Kingdom and Germany 2020. Erişim adresi: https://www.statista.com/statistics/1107986/main-worries-and-worries-about-the-covid-19-korona-pandemic/
• Tarhan, N. (2012) Genç Arkadaşım. Timaş Yayınları.
• Taylor, M. R., Kingsley, E.A., Garry, J. S. ve Raphael, B. (2008). Factors infl uencing psychological distress during a disease epidemic: Data from Australia’s first outbreak of equine infl uenza. BMC Public Health, 8(1), 347. Doi:10.1186/1471-2458-8-347
• The Guardian, (2020, 5 Haziran). Football League clubs scramble to agree player wages deal in Covid-19 crisis. Erişim adresi: https://www.theguardian.com/football/2020/apr/10/efl-clubs-coronavirus-crisis-wages-pfa-time-running-out
• Türk Dil Kurumu (TDK), (2020, 10 Haziran). Erişim adresi: https://sozluk.gov.tr/
• Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu (TFF), (2020, 24 Mayıs). https://www.tff.org/default.aspx?pageID=686
• Wang, C. ve Burris, M. A. (1994). Empowerment through photo novella: Portraits of participation. Health education quarterly, 21(2):171-186. Doi: 10.1177/109019819402100204
• Wang, C., & Burris, M. (1997). Photovoice: Concept, methodology,and use for participatory needs assessment. Health Education and Behavior, 24, 369–387 Doi: 10.1177/109019819702400309
• Xiang, Y., Yang, Y., Li, W., Zhang, L., Zhang, Q., Cheung, T. ve Ng, C. H. (2020). Timely mental health care for the 2019 novel koronavirus outbreak is urgently needed. Lancet, 7, 228–229.
• Xu Z., Shi L., Wang Y., Zhang J., Huang L. ve Zhang C. (2020) Pathological findings of COVID-19 associated with acute respiratory distress syndrome. Lancet Respir Med, 8(4), 420-422. Erişim adresi: https://doi.org/10.1016/ S2213-2600(20)30076-X