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Türkiye’s Potentials and Challenges in the Implementation of Green Industrial Policies

Year 2025, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 125 - 136
https://doi.org/10.70101/ussmad.1767260

Abstract

Environmental and climate crises such as pollution, global warming, ozone layer depletion, carbon emission, etc., in the world, have pushed countries to search for solutions. For Türkiye, carbon emissions based on fossil fuels can be the main significant problem and, in this study, it will be mentioned in the context of renewable energy, although not in all its aspects due to the limits of an article. Green Industrial Policy (GIP) emerges as a solution to these. In this respect, Türkiye as a developing country will be handled as a case, and its advantages and strengths will be discussed in the case of applying green policies because there is no holistic national document covering all of the programs, incentives, and legal arrangements that may evaluate the problems and possibilities in this industry, but rather dispersed documents from several government agencies. It will be argued that the main challenges for Türkiye are bureaucratic structure, law ground, and audit in terms of capacity and stability. Moreover, the foreground potentials are renewable energy, green jobs, electric vehicles, and market opportunities to catch international competition. While there are other challenges and benefits in this context, the main ones are covered in the paper.

References

  • Alatawneh, A., & Ghunaim, D. (2024). Towards vehicle electrification: A mathematical prediction of battery electric vehicle ownership growth, the case of Turkey. Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geits.2024.100166.
  • Altenburg, T.,; Assmann, C. (2017). Green Industrial Policy: Concept, Policies, Country Experiences. Geneva, Bonn: UN Environment; German Development Institute /Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitk (DIE)
  • Apak, S. and Atay, E. (2013) ‘Industrial Policy and Climate Change Management of Turkey as an EU Candidate Country’, Procedia, social and behavioral sciences, 75, pp. 246–254.
  • Ates, S.A.; Ates, M. (2015) Turkey in the Face of Socio-Ecological Transformation: Green Growth as an Alternative/Sosyo-Ekolojik Dönüşüm Karşısında Türkiye: Bir Alternatif Olarak Yeşil Büyüme, Journal of Politics, Economics and Management Studies, Year: 3, Volume: 3, Issue: 4.
  • Aydogdu, C. (2021) Public Supports in the Renewable Energy Sector and Energy Efficiency and Its Reflections in Turkey, Academic Project Journal, 6 (1), pp.52-74.
  • Basol, O. (2018) An Assessment of the Development of Green Businesses in the World and Turkey/ Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Yeşil İşlerin Gelişimine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme Finance, Policy and Economic Commentary, 636, pp. 71-87.
  • Celikyay, H. H. (2021) Environmental Policies in Türkiye: A Review of Development Plans /Türkiye’de Çevre Politikaları: Kalkınma Planları Üzerinden Bir İnceleme. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi , 6 (15) , pp.185-205.
  • DPT (Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı-State Planing Organization) (2006) Ninth Development Plan, TR Prime Ministry State Planning Organization, [Online] Available at: http://www.bilgitoplumu.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Ninth_Development_Plan_2007-2013.pdf, (Accessed: 09.05.2022).
  • Dailysabah (2020) Turkey seen as showing real market potential for electric cars, [Online] Available at: https://www.dailysabah.com/automotive/2020/02/23/turkey-seen-as-showing-real-market-potential-for-electric-cars, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • DM-Development Ministry (2013) The Tenth Development Plan, Turkish Republic Development Ministery, Ankara, [Online] Available at:https://sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/The_Tenth_Development_Plan_2014-2018.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • DM-Development Ministry (2018) The Eleventh Development Plan, EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC PRIVATE COLLABORATION PRACTICES: SPECIAL SPECIAL COMMISSION REPORT, [Online] Available at: https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/KamuOzelIsbirligiUygulamalarindaEtkinYonetimOzelIhtisasKomisyonuRaporu.pdf, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • Dunya (2022) Türkiye’nin ilk ‘Yeşil OSB’si Çilimli’de kuruluyor/Turkey's first 'Green OSB’ is being established in Çilimli, [Online] Available at: https://www.dunya.com/sektorler/turkiyenin-ilk-yesil-osbsi-cilimlide-kuruluyor-haberi-652726, (Accessed: 16.05.2022).
  • Duru, S. D. (2020) Turkey Green OSB Project/Türkiye Yeşil OSB Projesi:Technical Findings, Green Flag, Certification System, The Report, Ministry of Industry and Technology, [Online] Available at: http://www.marka.org.tr/uploads/files/Kaynak_Verimliligi/Sayfa3/Sunu_1-Turkiye%20Yesil%20OSB%20Webinar%20sunum_Sinem%20Demir%20Duru%20DBG.pdf, (Accessed: 16.05.2022).
  • Erdoğdu, M. M. (2016) A Green Industrial Policy Proposal for Turkey, H. İ. Aydın, B. Christiansen, & E. Akgün (Eds.), Economic Development in the Context of Social and Political Interactions, IJOPEC Publication, London and Istanbul, pp.67-79.
  • Gunder (2018), Ensuring the Sustainability of the Sun “Solar Energy Roadmap”, International Solar Energy Society – Turkey Section Publications, Ankara.
  • Karakus, M. (2024). Green Economic Growth and the Performance of the Turki̇ye Economy. https://doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub570.c2327.
  • Kolsuz, G., & Yeldan, A. E. (2017). Economics of climate change and green employment: A general equilibrium investigation for Turkey☆. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70, 1240–1250. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RSER.2016.12.025.
  • MTF-Ministry of Treasury and Finance/Hazine ve Maliye Bakanlığı (2020) New Economy Program-Medium-Term Program, [Online] Available at: https://ms.hmb.gov.tr/uploads/2020/10/New-Economy-Program-2021-2023.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • MTF-Ministry of Treasury and Finance/Hazine ve Maliye Bakanlığı (2021) Economic Reforms, [Online] Available at: https://ms.hmb.gov.tr/uploads/2021/03/Ekonomik-Reformlar-Kitapcigi.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022). Herman, K.S. (2021) ‘Green growth and innovation in the Global South: a systematic literature review’, Innovation and development, pp. 1–27.
  • IO(TR Presidency Investment Office/Cımhurbaşkanlığı Yatırım Ofisi ) (2021) Turkey's International Direct Investment Strategy, TR Presidency Investment Office, [Online] Available at: https://www.invest.gov.tr/tr/library/publications/Lists/InvestPublications/Turkiye-Uluslararasi-Dogrudan-Yatirim-Stratejisi-2021-2023.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • Invest (2020) Invest in Turkey, [Online] Available at: https://www.invest.gov.tr/en/news/newsletters/lists/investnewsletter/investment-office-feb-2020-newsletter.pdf, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • Karayel, G.K., Javani, N. and Dincer, I. (2021a) ‘Green hydrogen production potential for Turkey with solar energy’, International journal of hydrogen energy, pp.1-10.
  • Karayel, G.K., Javani, N. and Dincer, I. (2021b) ‘Green hydrogen production potential for Turkey with solar energy’, International journal of hydrogen energy, pp.1-11.
  • Karayel, G. K., Javani, N., & Dincer, I. (2022) Hydropower energy for green hydrogen production in Turkey. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, pp.1-12.
  • Karp, L. and Stevenson, M. (2012) ‘Green Industrial Policy: Trade and Theory’, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 6238.
  • Kete, H. (2020) Renewable Energy And Public Policies in Turkey/Türkiye'de Yenilenebilir Enerji ve Kamu Politikaları, Ekin Publication, Bursa.
  • Kete,H.(2022). Green Budgeting: France and Italy Practices, Uluslararası Sosyal, Siyasal ve Mali Araştırmalar Dergisi, (2):2, 102-115.
  • Kayisoglu, B.; Diken, B. (2019) Current Situation and Problems of Renewable Energy Use in Turkey/Türkiye’de Yenilenebilir Enerji Kullanımının Mevcut Durumu ve Sorunları. Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi/Journal of Agricultural Machinery Science, 15(2), pp. 61-65.
  • Kusat, N. (2013) Green Economy For Green Sustainability: Advantages And Disadvantages- Turkey Review/Yeşil Sürdürülebilirlik İçin Yeşil Ekonomi: Avantaj Ve Dezavantajlari–Türkiye İncelemesi, Journal of Yasar University, 29(8), pp.4896 – 4916.
  • Martin, B. (2019) The future of Electric Vehicles, [Online] Available at: https://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/news-and-resources/the-future-of-electric-vehicles, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • Ministery of Commerce (2021) Green Deal Action Plan/Yeşil Anlaşma Eylem Planı, TR Minister of Commerce, [Online] Available at: https://ticaret.gov.tr/data/60f1200013b876eb28421b23/MUTABAKAT%20YEŞİL.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • OECD (2022) Youth Unemployment Rate, [Online] Available at:https://data.oecd.org/unemp/youth-unemployment-rate.htm, (Accessed: 02.04.2022).
  • ON-Official Newspaper/Resmi Gazete (2011) Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Law/Tekstil Sektöründe Entegre Kirlilik Önleme ve Kontrol, [Online] Available at: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/12/20111214-6.htm, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • Ozkan, O., Khan, N., & Ahmed, M. (2023). Impact of green technological innovations on environmental quality for Turkey: evidence from the novel dynamic ARDL simulation model. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(28), 72207–72223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27350-1.
  • Pegels, A.; Becker, B. (2014) Implementing Green Industrial Policy, Green Industrial Policy in Emerging Countries, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Volume 30, Number 3, 2014, pp. 38–68.
  • Rodrik, D. (2007) One economics, many recipes : globalization, institutions, and economic growth. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Rodrik, D. (2008), Normalizing Industrial Policy, Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper, No: 3, Washington DC.
  • Rodrik, D. (2014) Green Industrial Policy, Green Industrial Policy in Emerging Countries, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Volume 30, Number 3, 2014, pp. 469–491.
  • Saygin, E.; Yamak, Administrative Audit In The Government System Of The Presidential President: The Public 'Auditing' Mode/Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sisteminde İdari Denetim: Kamu 'Denetleme' Modeli, Audit/Denetişim, (17), 1-14.
  • SBDB-Strategy and Budget Department (2019) The Eleventh Development Plan, TR Presidency of Strategy and Budget Department, Ankara, [Online] Available at: https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Eleventh_Development_Plan_2019-2023.pdf, (Accessed: 09.05.2022).
  • SBDB-Strategy and Budget Department (2021) PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS IN TÜRKİYE, [Online] Available at:https://koi.sbb.gov.tr/Main_EN.aspx, (Accessed:10.05.2022).
  • Schmitz, H., Johnson, O. and Altenburg, T. (2015) ‘Rent Management - The Heart of Green Industrial Policy’, New political economy, 20(6), pp. 812–831.
  • Steer, A. (2013), ‘Resource Depletion, Climate Change and Economic Growth’, paper prepared for the Global Citizen Foundation Project on ‘Towards a Better Global Economy’, February.
  • Perez, C. (2010) ‘Technological revolutions and techno-economic paradigms’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 34(1), pp.185-202.
  • TEA-Turkey Exporters Assembly/Türkiye İhracatçılar Meclisi (2021) Export 2021 Report, New Vision New Roadmap, [Online] Available at:https://tim.org.tr/files/downloads/Strateji_Raporlari/TIM_Ihracat_2021_Raporu.pdf, (Accessed: 18.05.2022).
  • TRT (2021) Renewable energy investments in Turkey reached 66 billion dollars/Türkiye'de yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları 66 milyar dolara ulaştı, [Online] Available at: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/ekonomi/turkiyede-yenilenebilir-enerji-yatirimlari-66-milyar-dolara-ulasti-609365.html, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • TRT (2022) Minister Varank: We will support 300 million lira for the establishment of a charging station, [Online] Available at: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/bakan-varank-sarj-istasyonu-kurulmasi-icin-300-milyon-lira-destek-verecegiz-668246.html, (Accessed: 11.05.2022).
  • Uner, S. (2017) Employment Potential Of Green Jobs Selected Country Practices And Recommendations For Turkish Employment Agency/Yeşil İşlerin İstihdam Potansiyeli Seçilmiş Ülke Uygulamaları ve Türkiye İş Kurumu İçin Öneriler, Master thesis/Uzmanlık Tezi, General Directorate of Turkish Employment Agency/Türkiye İş Kurumu Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Ustunisik, N. Z. (2014) Applicability of Green Manufacturing in Turkish Manufacturing Industry: Example of Machinery Manufacturing Industry/Yeşil İmalatın Türk İmalat Sanayiinde Uygulanabilirliği: Makina İmalat Sanayi Örneği, Master thesis/Uzmanlık Tezi, General Directorate of Economic Sectors and Coordination/Ekonomik Sektörler ve Koordinasyon Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
  • Warwick, K. (2013) “Beyond Industrial Policy: Emerging Issues and New Trends”, OECD Science, Technology and Industry Policy Papers, No. 2, OECD Publishing, Paris.
  • Yilmaz, S. A. (2014) Green Jobs and Turkey's Renewable Energy Potential/Yeşil İşler ve Türkiye'nin Yenilenebilir Enerji Potansiyeli, Master thesis/Uzmanlık Tezi, General Directorate of Economic Sectors and Coordination/Ekonomik Sektörler ve Koordinasyon Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.

Türkiye’s Potentials and Challenges in the Implementation of Green Industrial Policies

Year 2025, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 125 - 136
https://doi.org/10.70101/ussmad.1767260

Abstract

Environmental and climate crises such as pollution, global warming, ozone layer depletion, carbon emission, etc., in the world, have pushed countries to search for solutions. For Türkiye, carbon emissions based on fossil fuels can be the main significant problem and, in this study, it will be mentioned in the context of renewable energy, although not in all its aspects due to the limits of an article. Green Industrial Policy (GIP) emerges as a solution to these. In this respect, Türkiye as a developing country will be handled as a case, and its advantages and strengths will be discussed in the case of applying green policies because there is no holistic national document covering all of the programs, incentives, and legal arrangements that may evaluate the problems and possibilities in this industry, but rather dispersed documents from several government agencies. It will be argued that the main challenges for Türkiye are bureaucratic structure, law ground, and audit in terms of capacity and stability. Moreover, the foreground potentials are renewable energy, green jobs, electric vehicles, and market opportunities to catch international competition. While there are other challenges and benefits in this context, the main ones are covered in the paper.

References

  • Alatawneh, A., & Ghunaim, D. (2024). Towards vehicle electrification: A mathematical prediction of battery electric vehicle ownership growth, the case of Turkey. Green Energy and Intelligent Transportation. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geits.2024.100166.
  • Altenburg, T.,; Assmann, C. (2017). Green Industrial Policy: Concept, Policies, Country Experiences. Geneva, Bonn: UN Environment; German Development Institute /Deutsches Institut für Entwicklungspolitk (DIE)
  • Apak, S. and Atay, E. (2013) ‘Industrial Policy and Climate Change Management of Turkey as an EU Candidate Country’, Procedia, social and behavioral sciences, 75, pp. 246–254.
  • Ates, S.A.; Ates, M. (2015) Turkey in the Face of Socio-Ecological Transformation: Green Growth as an Alternative/Sosyo-Ekolojik Dönüşüm Karşısında Türkiye: Bir Alternatif Olarak Yeşil Büyüme, Journal of Politics, Economics and Management Studies, Year: 3, Volume: 3, Issue: 4.
  • Aydogdu, C. (2021) Public Supports in the Renewable Energy Sector and Energy Efficiency and Its Reflections in Turkey, Academic Project Journal, 6 (1), pp.52-74.
  • Basol, O. (2018) An Assessment of the Development of Green Businesses in the World and Turkey/ Dünyada ve Türkiye’de Yeşil İşlerin Gelişimine İlişkin Bir Değerlendirme Finance, Policy and Economic Commentary, 636, pp. 71-87.
  • Celikyay, H. H. (2021) Environmental Policies in Türkiye: A Review of Development Plans /Türkiye’de Çevre Politikaları: Kalkınma Planları Üzerinden Bir İnceleme. İktisadi İdari ve Siyasal Araştırmalar Dergisi , 6 (15) , pp.185-205.
  • DPT (Devlet Planlama Teşkilatı-State Planing Organization) (2006) Ninth Development Plan, TR Prime Ministry State Planning Organization, [Online] Available at: http://www.bilgitoplumu.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2014/04/Ninth_Development_Plan_2007-2013.pdf, (Accessed: 09.05.2022).
  • Dailysabah (2020) Turkey seen as showing real market potential for electric cars, [Online] Available at: https://www.dailysabah.com/automotive/2020/02/23/turkey-seen-as-showing-real-market-potential-for-electric-cars, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • DM-Development Ministry (2013) The Tenth Development Plan, Turkish Republic Development Ministery, Ankara, [Online] Available at:https://sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/11/The_Tenth_Development_Plan_2014-2018.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • DM-Development Ministry (2018) The Eleventh Development Plan, EFFECTIVE MANAGEMENT IN PUBLIC PRIVATE COLLABORATION PRACTICES: SPECIAL SPECIAL COMMISSION REPORT, [Online] Available at: https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2020/04/KamuOzelIsbirligiUygulamalarindaEtkinYonetimOzelIhtisasKomisyonuRaporu.pdf, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • Dunya (2022) Türkiye’nin ilk ‘Yeşil OSB’si Çilimli’de kuruluyor/Turkey's first 'Green OSB’ is being established in Çilimli, [Online] Available at: https://www.dunya.com/sektorler/turkiyenin-ilk-yesil-osbsi-cilimlide-kuruluyor-haberi-652726, (Accessed: 16.05.2022).
  • Duru, S. D. (2020) Turkey Green OSB Project/Türkiye Yeşil OSB Projesi:Technical Findings, Green Flag, Certification System, The Report, Ministry of Industry and Technology, [Online] Available at: http://www.marka.org.tr/uploads/files/Kaynak_Verimliligi/Sayfa3/Sunu_1-Turkiye%20Yesil%20OSB%20Webinar%20sunum_Sinem%20Demir%20Duru%20DBG.pdf, (Accessed: 16.05.2022).
  • Erdoğdu, M. M. (2016) A Green Industrial Policy Proposal for Turkey, H. İ. Aydın, B. Christiansen, & E. Akgün (Eds.), Economic Development in the Context of Social and Political Interactions, IJOPEC Publication, London and Istanbul, pp.67-79.
  • Gunder (2018), Ensuring the Sustainability of the Sun “Solar Energy Roadmap”, International Solar Energy Society – Turkey Section Publications, Ankara.
  • Karakus, M. (2024). Green Economic Growth and the Performance of the Turki̇ye Economy. https://doi.org/10.58830/ozgur.pub570.c2327.
  • Kolsuz, G., & Yeldan, A. E. (2017). Economics of climate change and green employment: A general equilibrium investigation for Turkey☆. Renewable & Sustainable Energy Reviews, 70, 1240–1250. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.RSER.2016.12.025.
  • MTF-Ministry of Treasury and Finance/Hazine ve Maliye Bakanlığı (2020) New Economy Program-Medium-Term Program, [Online] Available at: https://ms.hmb.gov.tr/uploads/2020/10/New-Economy-Program-2021-2023.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • MTF-Ministry of Treasury and Finance/Hazine ve Maliye Bakanlığı (2021) Economic Reforms, [Online] Available at: https://ms.hmb.gov.tr/uploads/2021/03/Ekonomik-Reformlar-Kitapcigi.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022). Herman, K.S. (2021) ‘Green growth and innovation in the Global South: a systematic literature review’, Innovation and development, pp. 1–27.
  • IO(TR Presidency Investment Office/Cımhurbaşkanlığı Yatırım Ofisi ) (2021) Turkey's International Direct Investment Strategy, TR Presidency Investment Office, [Online] Available at: https://www.invest.gov.tr/tr/library/publications/Lists/InvestPublications/Turkiye-Uluslararasi-Dogrudan-Yatirim-Stratejisi-2021-2023.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • Invest (2020) Invest in Turkey, [Online] Available at: https://www.invest.gov.tr/en/news/newsletters/lists/investnewsletter/investment-office-feb-2020-newsletter.pdf, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • Karayel, G.K., Javani, N. and Dincer, I. (2021a) ‘Green hydrogen production potential for Turkey with solar energy’, International journal of hydrogen energy, pp.1-10.
  • Karayel, G.K., Javani, N. and Dincer, I. (2021b) ‘Green hydrogen production potential for Turkey with solar energy’, International journal of hydrogen energy, pp.1-11.
  • Karayel, G. K., Javani, N., & Dincer, I. (2022) Hydropower energy for green hydrogen production in Turkey. International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, pp.1-12.
  • Karp, L. and Stevenson, M. (2012) ‘Green Industrial Policy: Trade and Theory’, World Bank Policy Research Working Paper No. 6238.
  • Kete, H. (2020) Renewable Energy And Public Policies in Turkey/Türkiye'de Yenilenebilir Enerji ve Kamu Politikaları, Ekin Publication, Bursa.
  • Kete,H.(2022). Green Budgeting: France and Italy Practices, Uluslararası Sosyal, Siyasal ve Mali Araştırmalar Dergisi, (2):2, 102-115.
  • Kayisoglu, B.; Diken, B. (2019) Current Situation and Problems of Renewable Energy Use in Turkey/Türkiye’de Yenilenebilir Enerji Kullanımının Mevcut Durumu ve Sorunları. Tarım Makinaları Bilimi Dergisi/Journal of Agricultural Machinery Science, 15(2), pp. 61-65.
  • Kusat, N. (2013) Green Economy For Green Sustainability: Advantages And Disadvantages- Turkey Review/Yeşil Sürdürülebilirlik İçin Yeşil Ekonomi: Avantaj Ve Dezavantajlari–Türkiye İncelemesi, Journal of Yasar University, 29(8), pp.4896 – 4916.
  • Martin, B. (2019) The future of Electric Vehicles, [Online] Available at: https://www.greeneconomycoalition.org/news-and-resources/the-future-of-electric-vehicles, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • Ministery of Commerce (2021) Green Deal Action Plan/Yeşil Anlaşma Eylem Planı, TR Minister of Commerce, [Online] Available at: https://ticaret.gov.tr/data/60f1200013b876eb28421b23/MUTABAKAT%20YEŞİL.pdf, (Accessed: 31.03.2022).
  • OECD (2022) Youth Unemployment Rate, [Online] Available at:https://data.oecd.org/unemp/youth-unemployment-rate.htm, (Accessed: 02.04.2022).
  • ON-Official Newspaper/Resmi Gazete (2011) Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control Law/Tekstil Sektöründe Entegre Kirlilik Önleme ve Kontrol, [Online] Available at: https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2011/12/20111214-6.htm, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • Ozkan, O., Khan, N., & Ahmed, M. (2023). Impact of green technological innovations on environmental quality for Turkey: evidence from the novel dynamic ARDL simulation model. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 30(28), 72207–72223. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-023-27350-1.
  • Pegels, A.; Becker, B. (2014) Implementing Green Industrial Policy, Green Industrial Policy in Emerging Countries, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Volume 30, Number 3, 2014, pp. 38–68.
  • Rodrik, D. (2007) One economics, many recipes : globalization, institutions, and economic growth. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
  • Rodrik, D. (2008), Normalizing Industrial Policy, Commission on Growth and Development Working Paper, No: 3, Washington DC.
  • Rodrik, D. (2014) Green Industrial Policy, Green Industrial Policy in Emerging Countries, Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Volume 30, Number 3, 2014, pp. 469–491.
  • Saygin, E.; Yamak, Administrative Audit In The Government System Of The Presidential President: The Public 'Auditing' Mode/Cumhurbaşkanlığı Hükümet Sisteminde İdari Denetim: Kamu 'Denetleme' Modeli, Audit/Denetişim, (17), 1-14.
  • SBDB-Strategy and Budget Department (2019) The Eleventh Development Plan, TR Presidency of Strategy and Budget Department, Ankara, [Online] Available at: https://www.sbb.gov.tr/wp-content/uploads/2021/12/Eleventh_Development_Plan_2019-2023.pdf, (Accessed: 09.05.2022).
  • SBDB-Strategy and Budget Department (2021) PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP PROJECTS IN TÜRKİYE, [Online] Available at:https://koi.sbb.gov.tr/Main_EN.aspx, (Accessed:10.05.2022).
  • Schmitz, H., Johnson, O. and Altenburg, T. (2015) ‘Rent Management - The Heart of Green Industrial Policy’, New political economy, 20(6), pp. 812–831.
  • Steer, A. (2013), ‘Resource Depletion, Climate Change and Economic Growth’, paper prepared for the Global Citizen Foundation Project on ‘Towards a Better Global Economy’, February.
  • Perez, C. (2010) ‘Technological revolutions and techno-economic paradigms’, Cambridge Journal of Economics, 34(1), pp.185-202.
  • TEA-Turkey Exporters Assembly/Türkiye İhracatçılar Meclisi (2021) Export 2021 Report, New Vision New Roadmap, [Online] Available at:https://tim.org.tr/files/downloads/Strateji_Raporlari/TIM_Ihracat_2021_Raporu.pdf, (Accessed: 18.05.2022).
  • TRT (2021) Renewable energy investments in Turkey reached 66 billion dollars/Türkiye'de yenilenebilir enerji yatırımları 66 milyar dolara ulaştı, [Online] Available at: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/ekonomi/turkiyede-yenilenebilir-enerji-yatirimlari-66-milyar-dolara-ulasti-609365.html, (Accessed: 10.05.2022).
  • TRT (2022) Minister Varank: We will support 300 million lira for the establishment of a charging station, [Online] Available at: https://www.trthaber.com/haber/gundem/bakan-varank-sarj-istasyonu-kurulmasi-icin-300-milyon-lira-destek-verecegiz-668246.html, (Accessed: 11.05.2022).
  • Uner, S. (2017) Employment Potential Of Green Jobs Selected Country Practices And Recommendations For Turkish Employment Agency/Yeşil İşlerin İstihdam Potansiyeli Seçilmiş Ülke Uygulamaları ve Türkiye İş Kurumu İçin Öneriler, Master thesis/Uzmanlık Tezi, General Directorate of Turkish Employment Agency/Türkiye İş Kurumu Genel Müdürlüğü, Ankara.
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There are 51 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Macroeconomics (Other)
Journal Section Research Articles
Authors

Abdullah Önal 0000-0002-6659-9285

Early Pub Date October 27, 2025
Publication Date October 29, 2025
Submission Date August 17, 2025
Acceptance Date October 6, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 5 Issue: 2

Cite

APA Önal, A. (2025). Türkiye’s Potentials and Challenges in the Implementation of Green Industrial Policies. Uluslararası Sosyal Siyasal Ve Mali Araştırmalar Dergisi, 5(2), 125-136. https://doi.org/10.70101/ussmad.1767260