Characterization and Properties Comparison of Nigerian Crab-shell Extracts

Abstract

Efforts aimed at large scale isolation of chitin and chitosan from marine exoskeletons are being intensified due to their emerging usage in several applications. In this study, extraction of chitin and chitosan was carried out on crab shell of Nigerian origin. Chemical treatments involving demineralization with 1.2MHCl and deproteinization using 1M NaOH at 1000C were employed. This was followed by deacetylation of chitin to produce chitosan. The extracts chitin and chitosan were characterized using SEM, FTIR, DTA and XRD analytical tools. Results of these characterisations compared well with established spectral bands and degradation temperatures of both chitin and chitosan which are 388oC and 342oC respectively. The presence of CaCO3 in a standard crystalline form as revealed by XRD analysis coupled with the exhibition of peculiar microstructural features through SEM suggest that the biopolymer could be spurn into fibrous mat for wound dressing, scaffold for drug delivery as well find application in suture material development. Contributions from this study have the potential of extending the frontiers of knowledge in tissue engineering. Results of Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis on crab shells, chitin and chitosn showed the absorption band of 1798, 3460-3268, 1628-1558 cm1 respectively.

Keywords

• Marine exoskeletons,spectral bands,degradation temperature,biopolymer,chitin,chitosan

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