Investigation of Fire Scenario According to Jet Fan Type and Different Air Exchange Number in Underground Vehicle Parking Areas with Computational Fluid Dynamics

Abstract

In this study, fire analysis results of a closed car park under 4 MW fire load according to BS 7346-7, 2013 standard were examined. The effects of 10 and 15 air changes, the use of radial and axial jet fans on the fire were investigated. Analysis were made in PyroSim software. Mesh independence was studied. Large Eddy Simulation model was used as turbulence model. In the analyzes with 10 air changes, the results of the radial fan; velocity was 0.9154 m/s, ave. temperature was 40.13°C, CO gas level is 100 ppm. For axial fan, velocity was 0.9176 m/s, ave. temperature is 38.02°C , CO gas level 61.5 ppm, visibility results were obtained. Visibility distance of 3 m for both fans was obtained. In the analysis with 15 air changes, the results of the radial fan; velocity were 1,324 m/s, ave. temperature was 29.98°C. For axial jet fan velocity was 1,318 m/s and ave. temperature was 28.15°C. Visibility distance and CO amount were determined as 30 m and 1 ppm for both fans. In the study, it was determined that 10 air changes was insufficient for CO rate and visibility. It has been determined that the axial fan is more effective.

Keywords

• Underground parking lot
• Jet Fan
• Fire Analysis
• Computational Fluid Dynamic (HAD)
• Fire Dynamics Simulator (YDS)
• Air Change Number

YER ALTI ARAÇ OTOPARKLARINDA JET FAN TİPİ VE FARKLI HAVA DEĞİŞİM SAYILARINA GÖRE YANGIN SENARYOSUNUN HESAPLAMALI AKIŞKANLAR DİNAMİĞİ İLE İNCELENMESİ

Abstract

Bu çalışmada kapalı bir otoparkın BS 7346-7, 2013 standardına göre 4 MW yangın yükü altında yangın analiz sonuçları incelenmiştir. On ve 15 hava değişiminin, radyal ve eksenel jet fan kullanımının yangın üzerindeki etkileri araştırılmıştır. Analizler PyroSim yazılımında yapılmıştır. Analizlerde eleman sayısından bağımsızlık çalışması yapılmıştır. Türbülans modeli olarak büyük girdap simülasyonu (BGS) modelini kullanılmıştır. On hava değişimli analizlerde radyal jet fanlı sonuçları; hava hızı 0,9154 m/s, ortalama sıcaklık 40,13°C, CO gaz seviyesi 100 ppm. Eksenel fanda; hava hızı 0,9176 m/s, ortalama sıcaklık 38,02°C, CO gazı seviyesi, 61,5 ppm, görüş mesafesi sonuçları elde edilmiştir. Görüş mesafesi her iki fan için 3 m ve elde edilmiştir. On beş hava değişimli analizde radyal fan sonuçları hava hızı 1,324 m/s, ortalama sıcaklık 29,98°C elde edilirken eksenel jet fanda hava hızı 1,318 m/s, ortalama sıcaklık, 28,15°C olarak elde edilmiştir. Görüş mesafesi ve CO miktarı her iki fan için 30 m ve 1 ppm olarak tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmada 10 hava değişim oranının CO oranı ve görüş mesafesi açısından yetersiz olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Fan farklılığının ise çok etkili olmadığı tespit edilmiştir.

Keywords

• Yeraltı otopark
• Jet Fan
• Yangın Analizi
• Hesaplamalı Akışkanlar Dinamiği (HAD)
• Yangın Dinamiği Simülatörü (YDS)
• Hava Değişim Sayısı

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