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INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD

Year 2025, Volume: 30 Issue: 1, 67 - 86, 28.04.2025
https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1456606

Abstract

In this study, plates made of two different materials used in PCB (Printed Circuit Board), FR4 and Aluminum, have been investigated by experimental modal analysis (EMA) and finite element method (FEM) modal analysis. Firstly, dynamic structural characteristics of plates, consisting of modal shapes, natural frequencies have been calculated by the help of ANSYS® R23 software. Afterwards, to determine the vibrational characteristics of the plates by EMA, roving hammer, roving accelerometer, and modal shaker tests have been performed by the help of DEWESOFT® data acquisition hardware and its corresponding software. Frequency response function (FRF) is measured by EMA software and FRF were exported to be analyzed by MEScope® modal analysis software. In MEScope® software, FRF’s between excitation points and measurement points were matched with corresponding points of the structure geometry. Modal assurance criteria (MAC) were calculated between the EMA and FEA modal shapes. Results of impact hammer test method obtained to closer to the results of numerical analysis than other methods. It has also been observed that the dimensions of the variable plates affect the MAC results. Additionally, importance of the gravity and mass balance on the structure were analyzed specially for thin structures, indicated actions to cope with mass balance issue.

References

  • Anuar, M.A., Mat Isa, A.A., Zamri, A.R., Said, M.F.M., (2013) Ambient Response Modal Analysis on a CEM-1 Single-Layer Printed Circuit Board. AMM. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.683
  • Amalu, E. H., & Ekere, N. N. (2012) High temperature reliability of lead-free solder joints in a flip chip assembly. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 212(2), 471-483.
  • Ay, E., Ediz, B., Çal, T., Telli Çetin, S. (2019). Modal Analysis Of Automotive Rear Lamp Lens Produced From Plastic Material. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 3(4), 84-91. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..578812
  • Fahri Berk B, Erhan A, Barış E, Cemal Çakır (2023) M. Investigation of the effect and optimization of material properties on the printed circuit board. Composites and Advanced Materials. 2023;32. doi:10.1177/26349833231209336
  • FU, Zhi-Fang; HE, Jimin. Modal analysis. Elsevier, 2001.
  • Hunt, D. L., Peterson, E. L. (1983). Multishaker broadband excitation for experimental modal analysis. Society of Automotive Engineers Transactions, 92, 92–105.
  • Maia, N. M. M., Silva, J. M. M. (1998) Modal analysis and testing. Portugal, 596 pp.
  • Ren, G., Li, B., Li, D., & Jiao, Y. (2015) Modal analysis of the printed circuit board based on finite element method. In 2014 International Conference on Computer Science and Electronic Technology (ICCSET 2014) (pp. 150-154). Atlantis Press.
  • Somashekar, V. N., Harikrishnan, S., Ahmed, P. A., & Kamesh, D. (2016) Vibration response prediction of the printed circuit boards using experimentally validated finite element model. Procedia Engineering, 144, 576-583.
  • Voorhees, C. R., Clark, G. A. (1984) Discussion of modal test techniques as applied to a spacecraft structure. Society of Automotive Engineers Transactions Technical Papers, 93(1984), 597–606.
  • Yokoyama, T. (2023) Experimental identification of high damping ratios in single-degree-of-freedom systems. Archive of Applied Mechanics, 1-14.
  • Zhang, W., Li, Y., & Qian, R. (2016) Optimization Design of Printed Circuit Board Structure Based on Modal Analysis. In 2016 4th International Conference on Electrical & Electronics Engineering and Computer Science (ICEEECS 2016) (pp. 1118-1123). Atlantis Press.

FR4 ve Aluminyum PCB Malzemelerinin MAC Metodu Kullanılarak Titreşim Davranışlarının İncelenmesi

Year 2025, Volume: 30 Issue: 1, 67 - 86, 28.04.2025
https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1456606

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, PCB'de (Baskılı Devre Kartı) kullanılan iki farklı malzeme olan FR4 ve Alüminyumdan yapılmış plakalar, deneysel modal analiz (EMA) ve sonlu elemanlar yöntemi (FEM) modal analizi ile incelenmiştir. İlk olarak, plakaların modal şekilleri, sönümleme oranları, doğal frekanslarından oluşan dinamik yapısal özellikleri ANSYS® R23 yazılımı yardımıyla hesaplanmıştır. Daha sonra, plakaların titreşim özelliklerini EMA ile belirlemek için DEWESOFT® veri toplama donanımı ve yazılımı ile birlikte darbe çekici gezdirme, ivmeölçer gezdirme ve modal sarsıcı testleri gerçekleştirilmiştir. Frekans tepki fonksiyonu (FRF), EMA yazılımı ile ölçülmüş ve FRF’den elde edilen veriler numerik analiz ile karşılaştırılmak için MEScope® yazılıma aktarılmıştır. MEScope® yazılımında, tetikleyici noktalar ile ölçüm noktaları arasındaki FRF'ler yapı geometrisinin ilgili noktaları ile eşleştirilmiştir. EMA ve FEA modal şekilleri arasında modal güvence kriterleri (MGM) hesaplanmıştır. Darbe çekici test yönteminin sonuçlarının diğer modal test yöntem sonuçlarına göre, numerik analizlere daha yakın olduğu görülmüştür ve mod şekillerinin benzerliği açıklanmıştır. Değişken plakaların boyutlarının MGM sonuçlarını etkilediği de gözlemlenmiştir. Ayrıca, yerçekimi ve kütle dengesinin yapı üzerindeki önemi özellikle ince yapılar için analiz edilmiş ve kütle dengesinden kaynaklanan sorunlar için aksiyonlar belirtilmiştir.

Ethical Statement

Çalışma boyunca hazırlık, veri toplama ve analizi, elde edilen verileri yorumlama gibi tüm aşamalar için bilimsel etik kurallarına uygun bir şekilde hareket edilmiş, araştırılan ve incelenen ilkeler için kaynakçalar belirtilmiştir.

Supporting Institution

Marelli Mako Turkey Elektrik San ve Tic. A.Ş.

Thanks

Çalışmanın gerçekleştirmesi için tüm imkanları sağlayan Marelli Mako firmasına ve çalışma süresince desteklerini esirgemeyen Test ve Simülasyon ekibine teşekkürlerimi sunarım

References

  • Anuar, M.A., Mat Isa, A.A., Zamri, A.R., Said, M.F.M., (2013) Ambient Response Modal Analysis on a CEM-1 Single-Layer Printed Circuit Board. AMM. https://doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.393.683
  • Amalu, E. H., & Ekere, N. N. (2012) High temperature reliability of lead-free solder joints in a flip chip assembly. Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 212(2), 471-483.
  • Ay, E., Ediz, B., Çal, T., Telli Çetin, S. (2019). Modal Analysis Of Automotive Rear Lamp Lens Produced From Plastic Material. International Journal of Automotive Science And Technology, 3(4), 84-91. https://doi.org/10.30939/ijastech..578812
  • Fahri Berk B, Erhan A, Barış E, Cemal Çakır (2023) M. Investigation of the effect and optimization of material properties on the printed circuit board. Composites and Advanced Materials. 2023;32. doi:10.1177/26349833231209336
  • FU, Zhi-Fang; HE, Jimin. Modal analysis. Elsevier, 2001.
  • Hunt, D. L., Peterson, E. L. (1983). Multishaker broadband excitation for experimental modal analysis. Society of Automotive Engineers Transactions, 92, 92–105.
  • Maia, N. M. M., Silva, J. M. M. (1998) Modal analysis and testing. Portugal, 596 pp.
  • Ren, G., Li, B., Li, D., & Jiao, Y. (2015) Modal analysis of the printed circuit board based on finite element method. In 2014 International Conference on Computer Science and Electronic Technology (ICCSET 2014) (pp. 150-154). Atlantis Press.
  • Somashekar, V. N., Harikrishnan, S., Ahmed, P. A., & Kamesh, D. (2016) Vibration response prediction of the printed circuit boards using experimentally validated finite element model. Procedia Engineering, 144, 576-583.
  • Voorhees, C. R., Clark, G. A. (1984) Discussion of modal test techniques as applied to a spacecraft structure. Society of Automotive Engineers Transactions Technical Papers, 93(1984), 597–606.
  • Yokoyama, T. (2023) Experimental identification of high damping ratios in single-degree-of-freedom systems. Archive of Applied Mechanics, 1-14.
  • Zhang, W., Li, Y., & Qian, R. (2016) Optimization Design of Printed Circuit Board Structure Based on Modal Analysis. In 2016 4th International Conference on Electrical & Electronics Engineering and Computer Science (ICEEECS 2016) (pp. 1118-1123). Atlantis Press.
There are 12 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Mechanical Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Research Article
Authors

Enes Çal 0009-0006-6843-6881

Barış Ediz 0000-0002-2704-7090

Fahri Berk Bilbay 0000-0001-8761-1282

Betul Gulcımen Cakan 0000-0003-1739-1143

Submission Date April 1, 2024
Acceptance Date January 22, 2025
Early Pub Date April 11, 2025
Publication Date April 28, 2025
Published in Issue Year 2025 Volume: 30 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Çal, E., Ediz, B., Bilbay, F. B., Gulcımen Cakan, B. (2025). INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 30(1), 67-86. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1456606
AMA Çal E, Ediz B, Bilbay FB, Gulcımen Cakan B. INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD. UUJFE. April 2025;30(1):67-86. doi:10.17482/uumfd.1456606
Chicago Çal, Enes, Barış Ediz, Fahri Berk Bilbay, and Betul Gulcımen Cakan. “INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 30, no. 1 (April 2025): 67-86. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1456606.
EndNote Çal E, Ediz B, Bilbay FB, Gulcımen Cakan B (April 1, 2025) INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 30 1 67–86.
IEEE E. Çal, B. Ediz, F. B. Bilbay, and B. Gulcımen Cakan, “INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD”, UUJFE, vol. 30, no. 1, pp. 67–86, 2025, doi: 10.17482/uumfd.1456606.
ISNAD Çal, Enes et al. “INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 30/1 (April2025), 67-86. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1456606.
JAMA Çal E, Ediz B, Bilbay FB, Gulcımen Cakan B. INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD. UUJFE. 2025;30:67–86.
MLA Çal, Enes et al. “INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 30, no. 1, 2025, pp. 67-86, doi:10.17482/uumfd.1456606.
Vancouver Çal E, Ediz B, Bilbay FB, Gulcımen Cakan B. INVESTIGATION OF VIBRATION BEHAVIOR OF FR4 AND ALUMINUM PCB MATERIALS USING THE MAC METHOD. UUJFE. 2025;30(1):67-86.

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