Research Article

CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES

Volume: 31 Number: 2 August 4, 2026
TR EN

CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES

Abstract

With the advancement of technology in industrial systems, data-driven approaches have come to the forefront, thereby increasing the importance of digitalization. In this context, monitoring the dynamic behaviours of critical components in machine manufacturing and detecting anomaly conditions have become a necessity within the scope of Industry 4.0. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to investigate the methodological feasibility and industrial applicability of anomaly-related approaches for pistons frequently used in the metal sheet processing industry. For this purpose, the behaviour of exhaust flap pistons in laser sheet metal cutting machines was examined based on pressure and forward motion time data. During operation, slag accumulation on the pistons leads to irregular motion characteristics, which manifest as anomaly conditions in piston movements. To identify such conditions, anomaly patterns in the data collected from the pistons via OPC UA were estimated using unsupervised machine learning clustering methods. Within this framework, the results obtained from K-means and DBSCAN clustering methods were analysed and compared. The findings indicate that monitoring the timedependent behaviours of pistons and detecting anomalies can serve as a preliminary step toward preventive maintenance activities. Consequently, such approaches enable the development of applications aimed at increasing operational efficiency and reducing maintenance costs. Furthermore, integrating machine learning–oriented approaches into the anomaly detection process has the potential to enhance overall system performance and reliability. 

Keywords

Ethical Statement

Ethics committee approval is not required in this study.

Thanks

A part of this work was supported by Durmazlar Makina A. Ş. (R&D Department, Bursa, Turkey). We also thank our colleagues from Durmazlar for providing both the insight and expertise that have assisted greatly the present research.

References

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Details

Primary Language

English

Subjects

Industrial Engineering

Journal Section

Research Article

Publication Date

August 4, 2026

Submission Date

April 22, 2025

Acceptance Date

April 10, 2026

Published in Issue

Year 2026 Volume: 31 Number: 2

APA
Yalçın, E., & Ene Yalçın, S. (2026). CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(2), 503-516. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1681088
AMA
1.Yalçın E, Ene Yalçın S. CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES. UUJFE. 2026;31(2):503-516. doi:10.17482/uumfd.1681088
Chicago
Yalçın, Esra, and Seval Ene Yalçın. 2026. “CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 31 (2): 503-16. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1681088.
EndNote
Yalçın E, Ene Yalçın S (August 1, 2026) CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 31 2 503–516.
IEEE
[1]E. Yalçın and S. Ene Yalçın, “CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES”, UUJFE, vol. 31, no. 2, pp. 503–516, Aug. 2026, doi: 10.17482/uumfd.1681088.
ISNAD
Yalçın, Esra - Ene Yalçın, Seval. “CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 31/2 (August 1, 2026): 503-516. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1681088.
JAMA
1.Yalçın E, Ene Yalçın S. CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES. UUJFE. 2026;31:503–516.
MLA
Yalçın, Esra, and Seval Ene Yalçın. “CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 2, Aug. 2026, pp. 503-16, doi:10.17482/uumfd.1681088.
Vancouver
1.Esra Yalçın, Seval Ene Yalçın. CLUSTERING-BASED ANOMALY DETECTION FOR PISTON BEHAVIOUR IN LASER SHEET METAL CUTTING MACHINES. UUJFE. 2026 Aug. 1;31(2):503-16. doi:10.17482/uumfd.1681088

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