Sonlu Elemanlar Modellemesi Kullanılarak Termal ve Yük Koşulları Altında Diş Malzemelerinin Mekanik Davranışlarının Analizi

Abstract

Protez diş tedavilerinde doğru restoratif malzeme seçimi çok önemlidir. Zirkonya, lityum disilikat porselenler ve lüsit takviyeli feldspatik porselenler, güçlü mekanik özellikleri ve olağanüstü estetik özellikleri nedeniyle popüler seçeneklerdir. Bu çalışmada, bu malzemelerin 450 N basma yükü, değişen termal koşullar (5 °C, 22 °C ve 70 °C) ve yükleme senaryoları (dağıtılmış, birleşik, dikey veya açısal) altında mekanik olarak nasıl davrandıklarını incelemek için sonlu elemanlar analizleri yapılmıştır. Zirkonya, 70°C ve 30° eğik yükleme altında 184,89 MPa'lık bir maksimum asal gerilme değerine ulaşarak en yüksek tepe gerilmelerini sergilemiştir. Bununla birlikte, 900 MPa eğilme mukavemetinin yalnızca %20,5'ini kullanarak en yüksek güvenlik aralığını korumuştur. Buna karşılık, lüsit takviyeli porselenin aynı koşullar altında 160 MPa’lık mukavemetin %78,3’üne ulaştığı ve bu nedenle en düşük güvenlik aralığına sahip malzeme olduğu görülmüştür. Aşırı sıcaklığın (70°C) ve eğik yüklemenin (30°) gerilme yoğunlaşmasının başlıca nedenleri olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Kombine yüklemenin, oklüzal temas noktaları ile servikal kenarlarda lokalize yüzey gerilme konsantrasyonlarını önemli ölçüde artırdığı gözlemlenmiştir.

Keywords

• Açısal yükleme
• Diş kronu
• Diş malzemeleri
• Sonlu elemanlar analizi
• Yükleme koşulları
• Termal gerilme

ANALYZING THE MECHANICAL BEHAVIORS OF DENTAL MATERIALS UNDER THERMAL AND LOADING CONDITIONS USING FINITE ELEMENT MODELING

Abstract

Choosing the right restorative material is crucial in prosthetic dental treatments. Zirconia, lithium disilicate porcelains, and leucite-reinforced feldspathic porcelains are popular options because of their strong mechanical properties and outstanding aesthetics. In this study, finite element analyses were conducted to examine how these materials behave mechanically under a 450N compression load, under varying thermal conditions (5 °C, 22 °C, and 70 °C), and under loading scenarios (distributed, combined, vertical, or angular). Zirconia exhibited the highest peak stresses, reaching a maximum principal stress value of 184.89 MPa under 70°C and 30° oblique loading. However, it maintained the highest safety margin, utilizing only 20.5% of its 900 MPa flexural strength. In contrast, it was observed that leucitereinforced porcelain reached 78.3% of the 160 MPa strength under the same conditions, making it the material with the lowest safety margin. It was determined that extreme temperature (70 °C) and oblique loading (30°) were the primary causes of stress intensification. It was observed that combined loading significantly increased localized surface stress concentrations at the occlusal contact points and cervical margins. 

Keywords

• Angular loading
• Dental crown
• Dental materials
• Finite element analysis
• Loading conditions
• Thermal stress

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