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DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR

Year 2026, Volume: 31 Issue: 1 , 407 - 426 , 10.04.2026

Md Riaz Hossain Ayşe Özkal

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1804908
https://izlik.org/JA25BS75MS

Abstract

This paper provides a critically examine double materiality in the textile and apparel sector, an industry with significant environmental and social impacts. Double materiality refers to a dual assessment perspective in sustainability reporting that considers both the impacts of corporate activities on environmental and social systems (impact materiality) and the financial risks and opportunities that sustainability-related issues pose to firm value (financial materiality). With the introduction of the European Sustainability Reporting Standards (ESRS) under the Corporate Sustainability Reporting Directive (CSRD), double materiality has become a mandatory reporting principle. The paper compares ESRS with earlier frameworks such as the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) and the Sustainability Accounting Standards Board (SASB), highlighting key convergences and divergences. Unlike descriptive reviews, this study provides a critical and comparative analysis and synthesizes textile and apparel sector specific material topics across these global frameworks. The originality of this article lies in its identification, mapping, and critical evaluation of the three major reporting standards, combined with a textile and apparel sector-focused synthesis of frameworks. To the best of our knowledge, no comparable study has specifically examined double materiality in the textile and apparel sector; this paper fills that gap through critical comparative analysis and synthesis across ESRS, GRI, and SASB.

Keywords

Double Materiality Textile Industry Sustainability Reporting GRI SASB ESRS Sustainability

Ethical Statement

In this article, the ethical use of artificial intelligence has been considered in line with the framework set by the Council of Higher Education (YÖK, 2024) in its publication “Ethical Guide for the Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence in Scientific Research and Publication Activities of Higher Education Institutions” and the European Union’s Artificial Intelligence Act (Regulation - EU - 2024/1689) AI tools (ChatGPT, OpenAI GPT-4o model) were used exclusively for grammar checking, improving language clarity, and enhancing textual coherence. No conceptualization, critical insights, or original contributions of the study were generated by AI. All scientific content, analyses, interpretations, sector-specific topic identification, critical evaluations of ESRS–GRI–SASB frameworks, and the recommendations and conclusions presented in this paper are entirely the authors’ own work. The originality of this article lies in its textile and apparel industry - specific critical analysis and synthesis of reporting frameworks. These insights, analyses, and contributions are the result of the authors’ own intellectual effort, literature engagement, and professional expertise. After using AI tools, the authors carefully reviewed and edited the full manuscript and take complete responsibility for its content and accuracy.

Supporting Institution

There are no supporting organisations

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Tekstil ve Hazırgiyim Sektöründe Çifte Önemlilik ve Sürdürülebilirlik Raporlaması

Year 2026, Volume: 31 Issue: 1 , 407 - 426 , 10.04.2026

Md Riaz Hossain Ayşe Özkal

https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1804908
https://izlik.org/JA25BS75MS

Abstract

Bu makale, önemli çevresel ve sosyal etkileri olan bir sektör olan tekstil ve konfeksiyon sektöründe çifte önemliliği (Double Materiality) eleştirel bir bakış açısıyla incelemektedir. Çifte önemlilik, sürdürülebilirlik raporlamasında hem kurumsal faaliyetlerin çevresel ve sosyal sistemler üzerindeki etkilerini (etki önemliliği) hem de sürdürülebilirlikle ilgili konuların işletme değeri üzerinde oluşturduğu finansal risk ve fırsatları (finansal önemlilik) dikkate alan çift yönlü bir değerlendirme perspektifini ifade eder. Kurumsal Sürdürülebilirlik Raporlama Direktifi (CSRD) kapsamında Avrupa Sürdürülebilirlik Raporlama Standartları (ESRS) getirilmesiyle, çifte önemlilik zorunlu bir raporlama ilkesi haline gelmiştir. Makale, ESRS'yi Küresel Raporlama Girişimi (GRI) ve Sürdürülebilirlik Muhasebe Standartları Kurulu (SASB) gibi önceki çerçevelerle karşılaştırarak, temel benzerlikleri ve farklılıkları vurgulamaktadır. Standart derleme makalelerinden farklı olarak bu çalışma eleştirel ve karşılaştırmalı bir yaklaşım benimsemekte ve bu üç küresel çerçeveden tekstil ve hazır giyim sektörüne özgü önemlilik başlıklarını sentezlemektedir. Bu makalenin özgünlüğü, üç ana raporlama standardının tanımlanması, haritalandırılması ve eleştirel değerlendirilmesinin, sektör odaklı bir çerçeve senteziyle birleştirilmesinde yatmaktadır. Bilgimiz dahilinde, tekstil ve giyim sektöründe çift önemliliği özel olarak inceleyen benzer bir çalışma bulunmamaktadır; bu makale, ESRS, GRI ve SASB arasında eleştirel karşılaştırmalı analiz ve sentez yoluyla bu boşluğu doldurmaktadır.

Keywords

Çifte Önemlilik Tekstil Sanayii Sürdürülebilirlik Raporlaması GRI SASB ESRS Sürdürülebilirlik

Ethical Statement

Bu makalede, yapay zekanın etik kullanımı, Yükseköğretim Kurulu'nun (YÖK, 2024) “Yükseköğretim Kurumlarında Üretken Yapay Zekânın Bilimsel Araştırma ve Yayın Faaliyetlerinde Etik Kullanım Rehberi” adlı yayınında belirlediği çerçeve ve Avrupa Birliği'nin Yapay Zeka Yasası (Regülasyon - AB - 2024/1689) ile uyumlu olarak dikkate alınmıştır. Yapay zeka araçları (ChatGPT, OpenAI GPT-4o modeli) yalnızca dil bilgisi kontrolü, dil netliğini iyileştirme ve metinsel tutarlılığı artırma amacıyla kullanılmıştır. Çalışmanın hiçbir kavramsallaştırması, eleştirel içgörüsü veya özgün katkısı yapay zeka tarafından üretilmemiştir. Bu makalede sunulan tüm bilimsel içerik, analizler, yorumlar, sektöre özgü konu belirlemeleri, ESRS–GRI–SASB çerçevelerinin eleştirel değerlendirmeleri ve öneriler ile sonuçlar tamamen yazarların kendi çalışmasıdır. Bu makalenin özgünlüğü, raporlama çerçevelerinin tekstil ve hazır giyim endüstrisi için , sektöre özgü eleştirel incelemesi ve sentezinde yatmaktadır. Bu içgörüler, analizler ve katkılar, yazarların kendi entelektüel çabalarının, literatürle etkileşimlerinin ve mesleki uzmanlıklarının bir sonucudur. Yapay zeka araçlarını kullandıktan sonra, yazarlar makalenin tamamını dikkatlice inceleyip düzenlemişlerdir ve içeriğinin ve doğruluğunun tüm sorumluluğunu üstlenmektedirler.

Supporting Institution

Çalışmayı destekleyen bir kurum yoktur.

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  • Adams, C. A., & Abhayawansa, S. (2021). Connecting the COVID-19 pandemic, environmental, social and governance (ESG) investing and calls for ‘harmonisation’ of sustainability reporting. Critical Perspectives on Accounting, 82, 102309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpa.2021.102309
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There are 67 citations in total.

Details

Primary Language English
Subjects Textile Sciences and Engineering (Other)
Journal Section Review
Authors

Md Riaz Hossain This is me 0009-0003-5178-9224

Ayşe Özkal 0000-0003-1294-7106

Submission Date October 19, 2025
Acceptance Date January 22, 2026
Publication Date April 10, 2026
DOI https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1804908
IZ https://izlik.org/JA25BS75MS
Published in Issue Year 2026 Volume: 31 Issue: 1

Cite

APA Hossain, M. R., & Özkal, A. (2026). DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, 31(1), 407-426. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1804908
AMA 1.Hossain MR, Özkal A. DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR. UUJFE. 2026;31(1):407-426. doi:10.17482/uumfd.1804908
Chicago Hossain, Md Riaz, and Ayşe Özkal. 2026. “DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 31 (1): 407-26. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1804908.
EndNote Hossain MR, Özkal A (April 1, 2026) DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 31 1 407–426.
IEEE [1]M. R. Hossain and A. Özkal, “DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR”, UUJFE, vol. 31, no. 1, pp. 407–426, Apr. 2026, doi: 10.17482/uumfd.1804908.
ISNAD Hossain, Md Riaz - Özkal, Ayşe. “DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi 31/1 (April 1, 2026): 407-426. https://doi.org/10.17482/uumfd.1804908.
JAMA 1.Hossain MR, Özkal A. DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR. UUJFE. 2026;31:407–426.
MLA Hossain, Md Riaz, and Ayşe Özkal. “DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR”. Uludağ Üniversitesi Mühendislik Fakültesi Dergisi, vol. 31, no. 1, Apr. 2026, pp. 407-26, doi:10.17482/uumfd.1804908.
Vancouver 1.Md Riaz Hossain, Ayşe Özkal. DOUBLE MATERIALITY AND SUSTAINABILITY REPORTING IN THE TEXTILE AND APPAREL SECTOR. UUJFE. 2026 Apr. 1;31(1):407-26. doi:10.17482/uumfd.1804908

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