ADSORPSİYON VE İYON DEĞİŞİMİ PROSESLERİYLE İÇME SULARINDAN DOĞAL ORGANİK MADDE GİDERİMİ

Abstract

Organik maddelerin kompleks heterojen bir karışımı olan doğal organik madde (DOM), su kalitesi üzerinde neden olduğu olumsuz etkilerinin yanında klorla reaksiyonu sonucunda trihalometan (THM) ve haloasetik asit (HAA) gibi dezenfeksiyon yan ürünlerini (DYÜ) oluşturarak insanlar için önemli bir sağlık riski oluşturmaktadır.Bunun yanında DOM’un konsantrasyonu ve kompozisyondaki büyük değişkenlik, su arıtma tesislerinde DOM’un arıtımını zorlaştırmaktadır.Bu güne kadar içme sularından DOM giderimi için çeşitli arıtma metotları araştırılmıştır. Bu metotlar arasında adsorpsiyon, DOM giderimi için en çok çalışılan ve uygulanan proseslerden biridir.İyon değişimi de DOM giderimi için adsorpsiyona alternatif bir proses olarak ortaya çıkmıştır.Büyük bir kısmı negatif yüklü fraksiyonlardan oluşan DOM’lar, anyon değiştirici reçinelerle giderilebilir. Bu çalışmada, DOM’un içme sularından giderimi için kullanılan adsorpsiyon ve iyon değişimi proseslerinin performansıyla ilgili çeşitli araştırmacılar tarafından ortaya konan bilgiler derlenerek sunulmaktadır.Bu bağlamda DOM gideriminde kullanılan orijinal ve yüzeyleri farklı yöntemlerle modifiye edilmiş çeşitli adsorbentler incelenmiş, bu adsorbentlerin DOM giderme etkinlikleri ve bunu etkileyen faktörler irdelenmiştir.Çalışmada ayrıca iyon değiştirici reçinelerin kullanımı, reçine yapısının performans üzerindeki etkisi gibi konulara değinilmiş ve çözünmüş organik karbon (ÇOK) giderimi için özellikle tasarlanan manyetik iyon değiştirici (MIEX), akışkan yataklı iyon değiştirici (FIX) ve askıda iyon değiştirici (SIX) gibi farklı iyon değiştirme proseslerine yer verilmiştir.

Keywords

• Adsorpsiyon,Aktif Karbon,Metal Oksitler,Anyon Değişimi,Doğal Organik Madde (DOM),Manyetik iyon değiştirici (MIEX)

Natural Organic Matter Removal From Drinking Water by Adsorption And Ion Exchange Process

Abstract

As well as its negative effects on water quality, natural organic matter (NOM), a complex heterogeneous mixture of organic substances, poses a significant health risk fo humans by creating disinfection by-products such as trihalomethane (THM) and haloacetic acid (HAA) as a result of its reaction with chlorine. Furthermore, the large variation in NOM concentration and composition make it difficult to treat the NOM in water treatment plants. Various treatment method for NOM removal from drinking water have been investigated so far. Among these methods, adsorption is one of the most studied and applied processes for NOM removal. Ion exchange has also emerged as an alternativeprocess to adsorption for NOM removal. NOMs most of which are negatively charged fractions can be removed with anion exchange resins. In this study, the suggested information by various researchers about the performance of adsorption and ion exchange processes used for NOM removal from drinking water was complied and presented. In this context, the used diverse adsorbents in NOM removal, which are original and the surfaces of which were modified with different methods, were examined and NOM removal efficiencies of these adsorbents and the factors affecting their removal were discussed. In addition, the use of ion exchange resins and the effect of the resin structure on performance were discussed in the study. Different ion exchange processes, such as magnetic ion exchanger (MIEX), fluidized bed ion exchanger (FIX) and suspended ion exchanger (SIX®), which are specifically designed for there moval of dissolved organic carbon (DOC), were mentioned, as well.

Keywords

• Adsorption,Activated Carbon,Metal Oxides,Anion Exchange,Natural Organic Matter (NOM),Magnetic Ion Exchange (MIEX®)

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