Tectona grandis'in Katalitik Hızlı Piroliziyle Üretilen Biyo-Yağların Yakıt Özelliklerinin Analizi ve Karşılaştırılması

Abstract

Bu çalışmada, farklı sıcaklıklarda (400 – 600 oC'de) ve farklı biyokütle/katalizör (b/c) ağırlık oranlarında (90/10 – 60/40) sabit yataklı bir reaktörde Tectona grandis'in katalitik hızlı pirolizi ile üretilen biyo-yağların yakıt özellikleri incelenmiştir. Katalizör olarak magnezyum oksit (MgO) kullanılmıştır ve ürün verimleri belirlenmiştir. Biyo-yağlar karakterize edilmiştir ve element bileşimleri, yüksek ısıtma değerleri, maksimum biyo-yağ verimi koşullarındaki temel yakıt özellikleri, viskozite, parlama noktası, nem içeriği, pH değeri ve Conradson karbon kalıntısı (CCR) değerleri incelenmiştir ve katalitik olmayan piroliz biyo-yağların değerleri ile karşılaştırılmıştır. 400, 500 ve 600 oC'de ve 70/30, 80/20 ve 70/30 b/c oranlarında elde edilen ağırlıkça maksimum biyo-yağ verimleri sırasıyla, %31,53, % 40,87 ve % 29,30 olarak bulunmuştur. Katalitik piroliz biyo-yağları, katalitik olmayan piroliz biyo-yağlarından daha yüksek karbon ve hidrojene ancak daha düşük oksijen ve kükürt içeriğine sahip bulunmuştur. Katalitik piroliz biyo-yağlarının Yüksek Isıtma Değerleri (HHV) (40,31 – 42,08 MJ/kg), katalitik olmayan biyo-yağlardan (36,47 – 36,76 MJ/kg) daha yüksek belirlenmiştir. Katalizör, viskoziteyi (400 ve 500 oC'de), nem içeriğini ve CCR'yi (400 ve 600 oC'de) azaltmıştır ve biyo-yağların pH değerini (400 ve 600 oC'de) artırmıştır. Katalitik piroliz, biyo-yağların yakıt özelliklerini geliştirmektedir.

Keywords

• Karakterizasyon
• Katalizör
• Hızlı piroliz
• Tectona grandis
• Biyo-yağ
• Yakıt özellikleri

ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON OF THE FUEL PROPERTIES OF BIO-OILS PRODUCED BY CATALYTIC FAST PYROLYSIS OF Tectona grandis

Abstract

This study analyzed the fuel properties of bio-oils produced by catalytic fast pyrolysis of Tectona grandis in a fixed bed reactor at different temperatures (400 – 600 oC) and biomass to catalyst (b/c) weight ratios (90/10 – 60/40). Magnesium oxide (MgO) was used as catalyst. The product yields were determined. Bio-oils were characterized with their elemental composition and their Higher Heating Values (HHVs) as well as their basic fuel properties at maximum bio-oil yields conditions, including viscosity, flash point, moisture content, pH value and Conradson Carbon Residue (CCR), were determined and compared with those of non-catalytic pyrolysis bio-oils. The maximum yields of bio-oil at 400, 500 and 600 oC were 31.53, 40.87 and 29.30 wt.%, respectively, obtained at b/c ratios of 70/30, 80/20 and 70/30. Catalytic pyrolysis bio-oils possessed higher carbon and hydrogen but lower oxygen and sulphur contents than non-catalytic pyrolysis bio-oils. The HHVs of catalytic pyrolysis bio-oils (40.31 – 42.08 MJ/kg) were higher than those of non-catalytic bio-oils (36.47 – 36.76 MJ/kg). Catalyst reduced the viscosity (at 400 and 500 oC), moisture content and CCR (at 400 and 600 oC), and increased the pH value of bio-oils (at 400 and 600 oC). Catalytic pyrolysis deoxygenates and enhances the fuel properties of bio-oils.

Keywords

• Characterization
• Catalyst
• Fast pyrolysis
• Tectona grandis
• Bio-oil
• Fuel properties

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